| 词条 | George C. McGhee |
| 释义 |
|name = George C. McGhee |image = Portrait of George C. McGhee.jpg |imagesize = 200px |order = 3rd |title = Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs |term_start = December 4, 1961 |term_end = March 27, 1963 |president = John F. Kennedy |predecessor = Livingston T. Merchant |successor = W. Averell Harriman |order2 = 1st |title2 = Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern, South Asian, and African Affairs |term_start2 = June 28, 1949 |term_end2 = December 19, 1951 |president2 = Harry S. Truman |successor2 = Henry A. Byroade |order3 = 8th |ambassador_from3 = United States |country3 = Turkey |term_start3 = January 15, 1952 |term_end3 = June 19, 1953 |president3 = Harry S. Truman Dwight D. Eisenhower |predecessor3 = George Wadsworth |successor3 = Avra M. Warren |order4 = 4th |ambassador_from4 = United States |country4 = West Germany |term_start4 = May 18, 1963 |term_end4 = May 21, 1968 |president4 = John F. Kennedy Lyndon B. Johnson |predecessor4 = Walter C. Dowling |successor4 = Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr. |birth_date = {{Birth date|1912|3|10}} |birth_place = Waco, Texas, U.S. |death_date = {{Death date and age|2005|7|4|1912|3|10}} |death_place = Leesburg, Virginia, U.S. |party = |profession = Diplomat |nationality = American |spouse = |children = }} George Crews McGhee (March 10, 1912 – July 4, 2005) was an oilman and a career diplomat in the United States foreign service. Early lifeMcGhee was born on March 10, 1912 in Waco, Texas, the son of a Waco banker. He studied at the University of Oklahoma, graduating with a degree in geology in 1933. He was initiated into the Oklahoma Kappa chapter of Sigma Alpha Epsilon fraternity at OU. For a time McGhee worked for Conoco, working on a crew that made the first oil discovery on the Gulf Coast through reflection seismology. He was awarded a Rhodes scholarship, gaining a doctorate in physical sciences from Oxford University in 1937. Back in the United States he became vice president of the National Geophysical Company, where he managed reflection seismology surveys in Cuba.[1] On his return to Texas, McGhee found employment with Everette Lee DeGolyer's oil services company DeGolyer and MacNaughton, scouting oilfields and marrying DeGolyer's daughter Cecilia. McGhee described Cecilia as "the most beautiful and richest girl in Texas."[2] In 1940 McGhee established his own company, the McGhee Production Company, and soon discovered a major oil field at Lake Charles, Louisiana, which made his fortune.[2][3] Wartime serviceAt the beginning of World War II McGhee was a member of the staff of the Office of Production Management and a member of the War Production Board. Commissioned into the U.S. Navy, McGhee served as a naval air intelligence officer on the staff of Army Air Force General Curtis E. LeMay, for which he was awarded the Legion of Merit.[2] Diplomatic careerFollowing the war he was recruited to the U.S. State Department by then-Undersecretary of State William L. Clayton, joining in 1946. McGhee initially traveled on behalf of the State Department to disburse a fund of $400 million in economic and military aid to Greece and Turkey, as well as other economic aid in Africa and the Middle East. He served as U.S. Ambassador to Turkey in 1952–1953, where he supported their successful bid for NATO membership. While in Turkey, the McGhees lived in Alanya in an Ottoman-era villa they named "Turkish Delight."[2] McGhee was instrumental in dealings with the Republic of the Congo and the Dominican Republic in the early 1960s. From November 1961 to April 1963, he served as the third ever Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs, during the Kennedy Administration (later to be replaced by W. Averell Harriman). President Kennedy had left this office vacant since January 1961 until McGhee was persuaded to take the position. Following that position, he was again named Ambassador to West Germany from 1963 to 1968.[2] RetirementAfter retiring in 1969, McGhee served on corporate boards of Mobil, Procter and Gamble and Trans World Airlines. From 1970 to 1974, McGhee was head of the Federal City Council, a group of business, civic, education, and other leaders interested in economic development in Washington, D.C.[4] In retirement McGhee wrote a semi-autobiographical novel, entitled The Dance of the Billions: A Novel About Texas, Houston, and Oil (1990), whose lack of success was attributed by his family to its puritanical tone.[3] His 2001 memoir was entitled I Did It This Way.[2] In 1989, McGhee donated his villa in Alanya, Turkey to Georgetown University. Today it is known as the McGhee Center for Eastern Mediterranean Studies, and welcomes students each spring. His estate, Farmer's Delight in Loudoun County, Virginia, is operated by the McGhee Foundation as a museum, research center and meeting facility.[5] It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[6][7] McGhee died of pneumonia on July 4, 2005 at the age of 93 at Loudoun Hospital Center in Leesburg, Virginia.[3] References1. ^{{cite web|last=Clark |first=Dean |title=George C. McGhee |url=http://www2.mssu.edu/seg-vm/bio_george_c__mcghee.html |work=Virtual Geoscience Center |publisher=Missouri Southern University |accessdate=16 September 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120330234647/http://www2.mssu.edu/seg-vm/bio_george_c__mcghee.html |archivedate=30 March 2012 |df= }} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web|title=Ambassador George Crews McGhee|url=http://www.farmersdelight.org/mcghee.html|publisher=McGhee Foundation|accessdate=16 September 2011}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite news|last=Bernstein|first=Adam|title=George C. McGhee Dies; Oilman, Diplomat|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/07/05/AR2005070501581.html|accessdate=16 September 2011|newspaper=Washington Post|date=July 6, 2005}} 4. ^{{cite news|title=Federal City Council Elected|work=The Washington Post|date=September 30, 1970|page=D9}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Farmer's Delight Plantation|url=http://www.farmersdelight.org/|publisher=McGhee Foundation|accessdate=16 September 2011}} 6. ^{{NRISref|version=2010a}} 7. ^{{cite web|last=Virginia Historic Landmarks Commission|title=National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination Form: Farmer's Delight|url=http://www.dhr.virginia.gov/registers/Counties/Loudoun/053-0121_Farmer%27s_Delight_1973_Final_Nomination.pdf|publisher=National Park Service|accessdate=16 September 2011|date=May 1973}} External links
before=New office| title=Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern, South Asian, and African Affairs| after=Henry A. Byroade| years=June 28, 1949 – December 19, 1951 }}{{succession box | title=Director of Policy Planning| before=Gerard C. Smith| after=Walt Whitman Rostow| years=1961 – November 1961| }}{{succession box | title=Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs| before=Livingston T. Merchant| after=W. Averell Harriman| years=November 1961 – April 1963| }}{{s-dip}}{{succession box | before= George Wadsworth | title= U.S. Ambassador to Turkey | years= 1952–1953 | after= Avra M. Warren }}{{succession box | before= Walter C. Dowling | title= U.S. Ambassador to West Germany | years= 1963–1968 | after= Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr. }}{{s-end}}{{US Ambassadors to Turkey}}{{US Ambassadors to Germany}}{{Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:McGhee, George C.}} 17 : 1912 births|2005 deaths|Alanya|Alumni of The Queen's College, Oxford|Ambassadors of the United States to Germany|Ambassadors of the United States to Turkey|American Rhodes Scholars|University of Oklahoma alumni|People from Waco, Texas|American petroleum geologists|People from Loudoun County, Virginia|Recipients of the Legion of Merit|Deaths from pneumonia|Under Secretaries of State for Political Affairs|United States Assistant Secretaries of State|Directors of Policy Planning|Scientists from Virginia |
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