| 词条 | George England and Co. |
| 释义 |
| name = George England and Co. | logo = | caption = | type = Ltd | fate = Taken over | Predecessor = | successor = Fairlie Steam Engine and Carriage Company | foundation = 1839 | defunct = 1868 | location = Hatcham, New Cross | industry = Engineering | products = Steam locomotives | key_people = George England, Robert Francis Fairlie | num_employees = | parent = | subsid = }} George England and Co. was an early English manufacturer of steam locomotives founded by the engineer George England of Newcastle upon Tyne (1812–1885).[1] The company operated from the Hatcham Iron Works in New Cross, Surrey, and began building locomotives in the 1840s. The company supplied one of the earliest tank locomotives to the contractors building the Newhaven, Sussex, branch line for the London Brighton and South Coast Railway[2] and exhibited a design at The Great Exhibition in 1851.[3] It also supplied locomotives to the Ffestiniog Railway, the Wantage Tramway, the Caledonian Railway, the London & Blackwall Railway, the Great Western Railway, the Somerset and Dorset Railway and the Victorian Railways amongst others. Locomotive typesFestiniog Railway 0-4-0The four locomotives supplied by England, in 1863/64, to the Festiniog Railway, were the first truly successful narrow gauge {{RailGauge|1ft11.5in}} engines built.[4] Remarkably three of the four survive, much rebuilt, two still in full working order. The other, Princess, was for many years on display at Spooner's Bar in Porthmadog, although without its tender. It has since been restored cosmetically to a high standard, and has made appearances in London and elsewhere for publicity purposes. Two more similar 0-4-0 engines, to an improved design, were built in 1867, one of which, Welsh Pony, survives, and is currently undergoing full restoration to working order. FairlieIn 1869, England built the famous Little Wonder Fairlie patent articulated locomotive, also for the Ffestiniog Railway. George England's daughter, Eliza Anne, had earlier eloped with Robert Francis Fairlie, the inventor of the Fairlie locomotive. On George England's early retirement in 1869, Fairlie took over the company, in partnership with England's son George England junior, renaming it the Fairlie Engine and Steam Carriage Company, but following the death of George England Jr., just a few months later, the works were sold.[4] Victorian Railways 'Old' V classVictorian Railways 'Old' V classPreservation
Notes and references1. ^{{Citation| last=Ransom| first=P. J. G.| year=2004| title=England, George (1811/12–1878)| periodical=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography| place=Oxford| publisher=Oxford University Press| url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/46359| accessdate=21 January 2009}} {{commons category|George England locomotives}}{{Ffestiniog Railway}}2. ^{{Citation| title=Steam locomotives in industry| last=The Industrial Locomotive Society| year=1967| publisher=David and Charles| location=Newton Abbot| pages=9–10}} 3. ^{{Citation| publication-date=29 August 1851| title=The Great Exhibition| periodical=The Morning Chronicle| publication-place=London, England| issue=26429}} 4. ^1 {{Quine-FR}} 2 : Locomotive manufacturers of the United Kingdom|Ffestiniog Railway |
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