| 词条 | George N. Hatsopoulos |
| 释义 |
| name =George N. Hatsopoulos | image =GeorgeHatsopoulos-2011-PittconAward.jpg | caption=George Hatsopoulos, 2011 | birth_date = {{Birth date|1927|1|7}} | birth_place = Athens, Greece | death_date = {{death date and age|2018|9|20|1927|1|7}} | death_place = Lincoln, Massachusetts, U.S. | residence = | nationality = | field = Mechanical engineering | work_institution =Massachusetts Institute of Technology | net_worth = US$481 million (2017)[1] | doctoral_advisor = |awards = John Fritz Medal (1996) }} George Nicholas Hatsopoulos (January 7, 1927 – September 20, 2018) was a Greek American mechanical engineer noted for his work in thermodynamics and for having co-founded Thermo Electron. Early lifeHatsopoulos was born in Athens, Greece in 1927[2] and is related to{{how|date=June 2016}} the former rector of the Athens Polytechnic School, Nicolas Kitsikis. He attended Athens Polytechnic before entering MIT, where he received his Bachelor and Master of Science (1950), Mechanical Engineer (1954), and Doctorate of Science (1956).[3] Hatsopoulos-Keenan reformulation of thermodynamicsIn 1965, he and Joseph Keenan published their textbook Principles of General Thermodynamics, which restates the second law of thermodynamics in terms of the existence of stable equilibrium states.[4] Their formulation of the second law of thermodynamics states that: {{cquote|When an isolated system performs a process after the removal of a series of internal constraints, it will reach a unique state of equilibrium: this state of equilibrium is independent of the order in which the constraints are removed.}} The Hatsopoulos-Keenan statement of the Second Law entails the Clausius, Kelvin-Planck, and Carathéodory statements of the Second Law,[5] and has provided a basis to extend the traditional definition of entropy to the non-equilibrium domain. In 1976, Hatsopoulos also contributed to a formulation of a unified theory of mechanics and thermodynamics, arguably a precursor of the emerging field of quantum thermodynamics.[6] Academic and industry leaderWhile at MIT, Hatsopoulos was head of the engineering division of Matrad Corporation of New York.[3] Matrad Corporation and MIT financially supported his doctoral thesis, The Thermo-Electron Engine.[7] Matrad Corporation was owned by the family of Peter M. Nomikos, a Harvard Business School graduate. In 1956, Nomikos co-founded with Hatsopoulos the Thermo Electron Corporation.[8] Thermo Electron became a major provider of analytical instruments and services for a variety of domains under the development of George Hatsopoulos, John Hatsopoulos, and Arvin Smith.[9] In 1965, George Hatsopoulos was president of the Thermo Electron Engineering Corporation and Senior Lecturer in Mechanical Engineering at M.I.T.. RecognitionIn 1996, Hatsopoulos won the John Fritz Medal, which is the highest American award in the engineering profession and presented each year for scientific or industrial achievement in any field of pure or applied science. In 1997, he was awarded the 3rd Annual Heinz Award in Technology, the Economy and Employment.[10] In 2011, along with Arvin Smith and John Hatsopoulos, he was awarded the 2011 Pittcon Heritage Award from the Chemical Heritage Foundation.[11] Hatsopoulos is also a recipient of The International Center in New York's Award of Excellence.{{source?|date=February 2019}} He died on September 20, 2018 at the age of 91.[12] See also
References1. ^https://www.ellines.com/en/good-news/33197-50-wealthiest-greek-americans/ 2. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=zecLAQAAMAAJ&q=%22HATSOPOULOS,+GEORGE+NICHOLAS,+*%22+1927&dq=%22HATSOPOULOS,+GEORGE+NICHOLAS,+*%22+1927&hl=en&sa=X&ei=fZiHVJSDN8n0oAStmYLIBQ&ved=0CBwQ6AEwAA] 3. ^1 MIT. (1956) Appointments To Administrative Positions And Four Faculty Changes Announced. The Tech. LXXVI No. 15, 3 http://tech.mit.edu/V76/PDF/N15.pdf 4. ^{{cite book | last = Hatsopoulos | first = George, N. | author2 = Keenan, Joseph, H. | title = Principles of General Thermodynamics | publisher = John Wiley & Sons, Inc. | year = 1965 | id = CCN 65-12709}} 5. ^{{cite book | last = Gyftopoulos | first = Elias, P. |author2=Beretta, Gian Paolo | title = Thermodynamics. Foundations and Applications | publisher = Dover Pu., Inc. | year = 2005 | isbn = 0-486-43932-1}} 6. ^See, e.g., http://www.quantumthermodynamics.org 7. ^Hatsopoulos, George Nicholas. (1956). The Thermo-Electron Engine. Doctoral dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12098 8. ^It Don't Mean a Thing If You Ain't Got that Green: HBS and the Birth of Venture Capital. HBS Bulletin Online, December 1996. http://www.alumni.hbs.edu/bulletin/1996/december/start.html 9. ^{{cite web|title=George and John Hatsopoulos, and Arvin Smith|url=http://www.chemheritage.org/visit/events/awards/affiliate-partnership-awards/pittcon-hof-hatsopouloses-smith.aspx|publisher=Chemical Heritage Foundation|accessdate=26 June 2013|deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160712210812/http://www.chemheritage.org/visit/events/awards/affiliate-partnership-awards/pittcon-hof-hatsopouloses-smith.aspx|archivedate=July 12, 2016}} 10. ^The Heinz Awards, George Hatsopoulos profile 11. ^{{cite web|title=Pittcon Heritage Award|url=https://www.sciencehistory.org/pittcon-heritage-award|website=Science History Institute|accessdate=27 March 2018}} 12. ^George Hatsopoulos Obituary External links
10 : 1927 births|2018 deaths|Thermodynamicists|American people of Greek descent|Massachusetts Institute of Technology faculty|American mechanical engineers|American manufacturing businesspeople|Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering|Kitsikis family|Henry Laurence Gantt Medal recipients |
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