| 词条 | George Tawengwa |
| 释义 |
| name = George Tawengwa SNR | image = | alt = | caption = | nationality = Zimbabwean | alma_mater = | other_names = | occupation = Entrepreneur | years_active = | known_for = Zimbabwe first black millionaire | notable_works = Mushandira Pamwe Hotel built 1969 | website = }} George TAWENGWA (born 6 March 1915 – died 13 April 1982 in Harare) was the first black millionaire (in US dollars) in Zimbabwe,{{citation needed|date=April 2016}} a prominent businessman who was engaged in transport, retail, hotel and agriculture industries. He was the owner of the Mushandirapamwe Hotel in Highfield, Harare[1] and others. In 1960 he was the first black person to purchase a 1,872.0-hectare commercial farm (Zimdale farm in Marondera) from a white farmer,{{citation needed|date=April 2016}} in the then colonial system by a racist white minority of Southern Rhodesia. To mark another historic milestone, having purchased five farms (Sheba, Shaka Hills, Billiard and two others) in one transaction, Tawengwa and his wife Mabel Rose TAWENGWA (nee Gwanzura - of Shava totem) were featured in a 1977 edition of the Rhodesia Herald (currently The Herald Zimbabwe) as a prominent couple in the African business community.{{citation needed|date=April 2016}} FamilyGeorge and Mabel TAWENGWA had eight children (seven boys and one daughter), namely
Mr George Tawengwa also had other children namely:
A total of 19 children, 15 boys and 4 girls. He disputed paternity of one child. (Not included in list above). Early lifeTawengwa was born to Chirume and Maria (Mhariya) and had a younger brother Bernard Chirume, his only sibling.{{citation needed|date=April 2016}} His mother died when he was only 4 years old.{{citation needed|date=April 2016}} In 1927 at age 12 he was chased by his father from their Mwanza Village home in Goromonzi and wandered towards Marondera, finally settling in Ruzawi.{{citation needed|date=April 2016}} He got his first job as a shepherd, herding goats and sheep for a white couple. Because of the disgruntlement with his father he later dropped the surname Chirume in favour of his middle name Tavengwa, which was misspelt in some early documents as Tayengwa, and later anglicised to the current Tawengwa. Successful businessmanFrom Ruzawi he moved to Hwedza, where he set up his rural home. In November 1953 aged 38, The African Parade Magazine (now called The Parade) wrote an article titled "Successful Man of Business" about his early accomplishments in business. Here is an extract from that article:- {{quote|Mr Tayengwa of Wedza (Hwedza) Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe), was one of many Africans who had become successful business man even though e never saw the door of a school. In 1936 he took up wood work in Salisbury (Harare) before trying his hand at hawking in early 1941, an endeavour which he was such a success in that in the same year he had enough capital to open a store in Wedza at Chiwengwa Village Hall. His means of transport at first were donkeys until 1947 when he managed to buy a lorry, which he later converted into a bus at which point he launched his most successful business venture Mushandira Pamwe Bus Service. By 1951 he was running a fleet of four buses and in 1953 he opened a new store.{{citation needed|date=February 2017}}}}He died from diabetes at age 67.{{citation needed|date=February 2017}} Business accomplishmentsHe later established Mushandira Pamwe Bus Service with a fleet of over 150 buses, had several retail outlets throughout Zimbabwe, including his first major building project Mushandira Pamwe Centre in Dombotombo, Marondera. His nine large commercial farms averaged at least 1000 hectares each.{{citation needed|date=February 2017}} A year before his death he had set in motion a regional expansion plan first to neighbouring Mozambique, a vision that was never fulfilled.{{citation needed|date=February 2017}} The trading name Mushandira Pamwe means "working together as one". He believed as one much more could be accomplished.{{citation needed|date=February 2017}} Therefore, unity is key for success. Mushandirapamwe Hotel was at Zimbabwe's independence in 1980, the transitional residence of returning ZANU PF Officials and ZANLA troops. His sons are all businessmen and farmers, with Charles Tawengwa and Solomon Tawengwa having served as mayors of Harare.{{citation needed|date=February 2017}} Solomon Tawengwa served as Member of Parliament for Highfields between 1987 and 1990,{{citation needed|date=February 2017}} a seat that had been made vacant when the then Prime Minister of Zimbabwe was elevated to the Executive Presidency. He also served twice as mayor of Harare, and became Harare's first Executive Mayor.{{citation needed|date=February 2017}} He served on the politburo of ZANU-PF as Deputy Secretary for Economic Affairs and was also very active in corporate Zimbabwe serving as chairman of key listed companies and parastatals largely based on experience gained as he understudied his father in building Mushandira Pamwe.In November 2005, Charles Tawengwa was appointed Zanu PF Senator for Highfield, Glen Norah, Glen View in the Zimbabwean Parliament. In 2010 Charles Tawengwa was appointed to the ZANU PF politburo. On 3 September 2013, Charles Z Tawengwa was elected as senator for Harare Metropolitan. Charles Tawengwa is currently serving as Acting Chairman for ZANU - PF's Harare Province. Origins and LineageGeorge TAWENGWA was of Royal ancestry. His totem (mutupo) was Nzou (elephant) and Matemai (matemavi, matemayi) as the honorific name. The totem evolved from Shiri-Hungwe then to Nzou Samanyanga. An account of its origins is necessary to cite historical facts about Nyatsimba Mutota. Who was a prince at Great Zimbabwe, son to the King, Chibatamatosi of the Shiri-Hungwe totem and lineage. When Mutota migrated north to setup in the Zambezi Valley area, with his royal capital at Zvongombe. He proceeded to conquer the Tavara (of the Nzou Nhari une/ine Ndoro totem) assuming their sacred animal title, the Elephant, as a totem, thus becoming Nzou Samanyanga (the Big Elephant). At the same time taking control of the salt deposits and gold mines, establishing the foundations of the Mhunumutapa Empire. Prior to Great Zimbabwe the now Nzou Matemai clan migrated South from Nubia (Sudan today) where the Kings are revered to as Kore, and to this day the tribe in Zimbabwe is referred to as maKore-Kore (the Royals - the Kings). Matemai means Kings of the land. The root word "Tema" meaning "to cut" land or distribute land. To this day Chiefs around the Great Lakes region in Tanganyika (Mbire and Mwanza in Tanzania) are referred to as Tema or Temi. The same tribe is attributed to burying Kings in Pyramids as evidenced in the Khartoum desert in Sudan, a practice later grandsized by later Pharaohs. A verse in the Matemai Nzou praise poetry refers to then as "those that build stone houses" ("vachivaka na-mabwe" or "vano vaka dzimba na-mabwe"). Today descendants of George TAWENGWA are of the Chief Chikwaka Royal house with their chieftainship in the Goromonzi district. Chief Chikonyora was a son of Chief Chikwaka who bore Manongovere, a great warrior, and grandfather to George TAWENGWA. Other notable names in the ancestral lineage are Cheza and Benhura. Origins and Lineage - Cheza and BenhuraThe significance of Cheza and Benhura in the ancestral lineage, requires understanding of what transpired in the formative years of the Second Mhunhumutapa State. Why King Mutiwaora's (1806) reign only lasted less than a year? Below are names of Kings from the Second Mhunumutapa State beginning 1803 ending 1902:
In the Nzou Matemai praise poetry (last paragraph) special thanks and mention is only attributed to one of these Kings, Mutiwaora (1806) and acknowledgment of two ancetors, Cheza and Benhura. According to historical facts King Mutiwaora was deposed and killed by Chipfumba (1806 - 1807). After Mutiwaora was murdered, Chipfumba hatched a plan to kill all the descendants of Mutiwaora; to rise in kingship and rulership unopposed. Cheza and Benhura sensing danger decided to flee with Mutiwaora's descendants and seek refuge amongst their maternal uncles, the Tingini's Soko Murehwas of Washawasha. On reaching Murehwa (Chishawasha), a war erupted between the Buja (from Mutoko) and the Murehwa ethnic tribes. As seasoned warriors, the nephews joined their maternal uncles in battle. Fighting fearlessly and ultimately defeating the Buja. As a consequence earning a right to establish a kraal in the Goromonzi district. It is here George TAWENGWA was to be born some 109 years later in 1915 at Mwanza. The Body is the house of God. Man, Know Thyself, and thou shalt know the gods and God. - Ancient Nubian ProverbNzou Matemai (Mbano Matemavi) Praise PoemNzou Matemai (Mbano Matemavi) praise poetry was written by W. Chadambura in a book titled, Uyavaya Hwenduri Dzechinyakare Mambo Press Print 1988. PRAISE POETRY (Detembo)Evo Nzou Makunda Maita Mbano Evo Musiyiwa Moyo wevhu Usarirevhu Zwaitwa Madzorera Maita zvenyu ve muGoromonzi VokwaChikwaka Zvaitwa ve mvuto chena Vomu Dzimwe Mbano yangu yiyi Chiuya chinenge mukaka chinodyiwa nevasina meno Imi makati chapinda kamwe hachiteyiwi Chinopfumisa hachitenherwi Zvaitwa vaera Mbada Mune Mavara anenge e Shato Nyoka hombe isingazvirumi Shungu dzinoperera mukugonya sezongororo Mhuka isina mutumbi Chiuya chevachafema Maita vari pamhiri pa Nhora Vari Dzimwe muGoromonzi VakaChikwakwa Vekwa Chivaka namabwe Kuvaka nomuti unosakara kana kudyiwa ne muchenje VaNzwira -pamuviri tsvimbo yarova dapi Vaita vaCheza na Benhura Zwaitwa maKorekore VaChipahomwoyo Aiwa tatenda Musenda Zvaonekwa vari Dzimwe References1. ^{{cite web|title=Mushandirapamwe Hotel: The walls of the struggle|url=http://www.zbc.co.zw/news-categories/blogs-a-features/7969-mushandirapamwe.html|publisher=Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation|accessdate=13 April 2016|date=7 April 2011}} External links{{DEFAULTSORT:Tawengwa, George}}1. Shire Hungwe Origins and Migration. https://pfebve.blogspot.com/2015/08/history-of-nyandoro-clan-zimbabwe-early.html?m=1 2. Mutapa Empire - New World Encyclopedia http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Mutapa_Empire 3 : 1982 deaths|Zimbabwean businesspeople|1915 births |
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