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词条 Chris Crutcher
释义

  1. Biography

  2. Writing

  3. Selected works

     Books  Short stories 

  4. Awards

  5. See also

  6. References

  7. External links

{{Infobox writer
|image = Chris Crutcher.jpg
|imagesize = 150px |
| name = Chris Crutcher
| caption =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1946|07|17}}
| birth_place= Dayton, Ohio, United States
| occupation = Writer
| nationality= American
| period = 1983–present
| genre = Young Adult novels, short stories
| movement =
| notableworks=
| awards = {{awd |Margaret A. Edwards Award |2000}}
| website = {{URL|www.chriscrutcher.com}}
}}

Chris Crutcher (born July 17, 1946) is an American novelist and a family therapist. He received the Margaret A. Edwards Award from the American Library Association in 2000 for his lifetime contribution in writing for teens.

Biography

Crutcher was born July 17, 1946 to a World War II B17 bomber pilot and a homemaker in Dayton, Ohio.[1]{{sfn|Crutcher|2003|loc=chpt. 12}}[2] A few weeks after his birth, his father gave up flying and the family moved to his mother's hometown of Cascade, Idaho where his father could open an oil and gas wholesale business and he could grow up.[2]{{sfn|Crutcher|2003|loc=chpt. 2}}

After graduating from high school, Crutcher attended Eastern Washington State College (now Eastern Washington University) where he swam competitively and earned a BA in psychology and sociology.[2] With no post-graduation plans or prospects, he went back to Eastern and got a teaching certificate.{{sfn|Crutcher|2003|loc=chpt. 10}}

Crutcher taught at several primary and secondary schools in California and Washington before beginning his writing career.[2] After his first book was completed, he joined Spokane's Child Protection Team and began practicing as a child and family therapist.[2]{{sfn|Crutcher|2003|loc=chpt. 13}}[3]

Writing

Crutcher's debut novel was Running Loose in 1983 about a senior in high school who has it all until life throws him for a few loops. Many of his novels concern teenaged athletes who have personal problems. Most of his protagonists are male, teenage athletes, often swimmers, and recurring supporting characters include a wise Asian-American teacher or coach and a caring journalism teacher.

Chris Crutcher's writing is controversial, and has been frequently challenged[4] and even banned[5][6] by individuals who want to censor his books by removing them from libraries and classrooms. Six Short Stories and Running Loose were #63 and #92 on the ALA list of 100 books most frequently challenged during the 1990s.[7] His books generally feature teens coping with serious problems, including abusive parents, racial and religious prejudice, mental and physical disability, and poverty; these themes are viewed by some as too mature for children. Other cited reasons for censorship include strong language and depictions of homosexuality.[8] Despite this controversy, Crutcher's writing has received many awards.

Crutcher has also written an autobiography called King of the Mild Frontier (2003), an adult novel titled The Deep End (1991), and two collections of short stories, Six Short Stories (1991) and Angry Management (2009), some of which further explore characters from his previous novels. One of the stories from Six Short Stories, "A Brief Moment in the Life of Angus Bethune", was made into a film called Angus.

The ALA Margaret A. Edwards Award recognizes one writer and a particular body of work for "significant and lasting contribution to young adult literature" and "helping adolescents become aware of themselves and addressing questions about their role and importance in relationships, society, and in the world." Crutcher won the annual award in 2000 when the panel cited six books published from 1983 to 1993: Running Loose, Stotan!, The Crazy Horse Electric Game, Chinese Handcuffs, Athletic Shorts, and Staying Fat for Sarah Byrnes (‡). All were edited by Susan Hirschman at Greenwillow Books. The panel chair observed that "[h]is stories bring to life the contemporary teen world, including its darker side. Sarah Byrnes suffers facial deformity caused by her father's deliberate cruelty. Jennifer Lawless dreads the nights her stepfather forces his sexual advances on her. ... Crutcher takes teenagers seriously and cares about them."

Selected works

Books

  • Running Loose (1983) ‡
  • Stotan! (1986) ‡
  • The Crazy Horse Electric Game (1990 +
  • Chinese Handcuffs (1989) ‡
  • Six Short Stories (1991) ‡
  • The Deep End (1992)
  • Staying Fat for Sarah Byrnes (1993) ‡
  • Ironman (1995)
  • Whale Talk (2001)
  • King of the Mild Frontier: An Ill-Advised Autobiography (2003)
  • The Sledding Hill (2005)
  • Deadline (2007)
  • Angry Management (2009)
  • Period 8 (2013)
  • Losers Bracket (2018)

Short stories

  • "A Brief Moment in the Life of Angus Bethune" – First appeared in Connections, edited by Donald R. Gallo, published in 1989 by Delacorte Press. Also published in Crutcher's collection Six Short Stories. Adapted into a film in 1995.
  • "Superboy" – Ultimate Sports: Short Stories by Outstanding Writers for Young Adults, edited by Donald R. Gallo, published in 1995 by Delacorte Books for Young Readers.
  • "Popeye the Sailor" – Dirty Laundry: Stories About Family Secrets, edited by Lisa Rowe Fraustino, published in 1998 Viking Juvenile.
  • "Fourth and Too Long" – Time Capsule: Short Stories About Teenagers Throughout the Twentieth Century, edited by Donald R. Gallo, published in 1999 by Laurel Leaf.
  • "Guns for Geeks" – On the Fringe, edited by Donald R. Gallo, published in 2001 by Dial Books.
  • "'O' Foods" – Guys Write for Guys Read, edited by Jon Scieszka, published in 2005 by Viking. (Autobiographic)

Awards

  • 1993 – The ALAN Award from The Assembly on Literature for Adolescentsfor Significant Contribution to Adolescent Literature[9]
  • 1998 – The National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE/SLATE) Intellectual Freedom Award for advancing the cause of intellectual freedom[10]
  • 2000 ALA Edwards Award
  • 2004 – The Writer magazine Writers Who Make a Difference Award[11]
  • 2005 – Catholic Library Association St. Katherine Drexel Award for outstanding contribution to the growth of high school librarianship[12]
  • 2005 – Intellectual Freedom Award from the National Coalition Against Censorship[13]

The ALA has named eight of his books to the annual list of "Best Books for Young Adults".

See also

{{Portal bar |Children's literature }}

References

1. ^{{cite book |last=Crutcher |first=Chris |title=King of the Mild Frontier: An Ill-Advised Autobiography |date=2003 |at=chpt. 5 |ref=harv}}
2. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book |last=Silvey |first=Anita |title=The Essential Guide to Children's Books and Their Creators |date=2002 |pages=111–112 |ref=harv}}
3. ^Prince, Julie. "Teacher, Therapist, Free Speech Advocate: An Interview with Chris Crutcher." Teacher Librarian 37.2 (Dec 2009): 70–72.
4. ^{{cite web| last =| first =| authorlink =| coauthors =| date=February 25, 2007| url =http://www.siouxcityjournal.com/articles/2007/02/25/news/iowa/4326f1994afd10ae8625728d0013550d.txt| title =Western Iowa district pulls book from classroom| format =| work =Sioux City Journal| publisher =| accessdate =2007-03-10}}
5. ^{{cite web |last=Associated Press |first= |authorlink= |coauthors= |date=March 11, 2005 |url=http://www.firstamendmentcenter.org/news.aspx?id=14960 |title=Alabama school bans children's book, Whale Talk |format= |work=The First Amendment Center |publisher= |accessdate=2007-03-10 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20080725082637/http://www.firstamendmentcenter.org/news.aspx?id=14960 |archivedate=2008-07-25 |df= }}
6. ^http://librarian.lishost.org/?p=716 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725235928/http://librarian.lishost.org/?p=716 |date=July 25, 2011 }}
7. ^"100 most frequently challenged books: 1990–1999". Banned & Challenged Books. ALA. Retrieved 2013-10-13.
8. ^Author, Chris Crutcher – Censorship {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070302035502/http://www.chriscrutcher.com/content/blogcategory/56/45/ |date=2007-03-02 }}.
9. ^{{cite web |title=ALAN Awards |publisher= ALAN Online |url= http://www.alan-ya.org/awards/ |accessdate= 2010-03-03}}
10. ^{{cite web|title=Profiles |publisher=NCTE Council Chronicle |url=http://www.debaronson.com/profiles/chris_crutchers_stories_resonate_with_young_readers/ |accessdate=2010-03-03 }}{{dead link|date=November 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
11. ^Anonymous. The Writer. Boston: Jan 2004. Vol. 117, Iss. 1; pg. 21
12. ^{{cite web|title=St. Katherine Drexel Awards |publisher=Catholic Library Association |url=http://www.cathla.org/awards_drexel.php |accessdate=2010-03-03 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100129044205/http://www.cathla.org/awards_drexel.php |archivedate=January 29, 2010 }}
13. ^Cole, Pamela Burress. Young Adult Literature in the 21st Century. Boston: McGraw-Hill Higher Education, 2009. Pg.74. Print.

External links

  • {{official website |chriscrutcher.com/ }}
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20051101050341/http://teenreading.allinfoabout.com/features/crutcher.html All Info About Teen Reading – The Books of Chris Crutcher]
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20100805024916/http://ncac.org/The-Kids-Right-to-Read-Project-Interviews-Author-Crutcher Kids Right To Read Project interview with Chris Crutcher]
  • "Chis Crutcher – Hero or Villain?", Betty Greenway, The ALAN Review 22:1 (Fall 1994)
  • Chris Crutcher{{dead link|date=November 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} at Library of Congress Authorities —with 21 catalog records
{{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Crutcher, Chris}}

12 : 1946 births|20th-century American novelists|21st-century American novelists|American children's writers|American male novelists|Margaret A. Edwards Award winners|American writers of young adult literature|Eastern Washington University alumni|Living people|People from Cascade, Idaho|20th-century American male writers|21st-century American male writers
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