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词条 German Faith Movement
释义

  1. History

  2. See also

  3. References

  4. Sources

{{German Faith Movement|expanded=all}}

The German Faith Movement (Deutsche Glaubensbewegung) was a religious movement in Nazi Germany (1933–1945), closely associated with University of Tübingen professor Jakob Wilhelm Hauer. The movement sought to move Germany away from Christianity towards a religion based on Germanic paganism and Nazi ideas.[1]

History

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The movement's ceremonies involved sermons, German classical music and political hymns.

In his 1936 essay "Wotan" Swiss psychologist Carl Jung speaks of Ergriffenheit, explained in the English version as "a state of being seized or possessed",[2] and characterizes Germany as "infected... rolling towards perdition".[3] However, Jung sees the German Faith Movement as "decent and well-meaning people who honestly admit their Ergriffenheit and try to come to terms with this new and undeniable fact." He commends Hauer's book Deutsche Gottschau as an attempt "to build a bridge between the dark forces of life and the shining world of historical ideas".[4]

The movement had around 200,000 followers at its height (less than 0.3% of the population). Following the Nazi accession to power, it obtained rights of civil tolerance from Rudolf Hess, but never the preferential treatment from the Nazi state for which Hauer campaigned.

The development of the German Faith Movement revolved around:

  • the propagation of the 'blood and soil' ideology
  • the syncretism of Christian ceremonies with pagan equivalents; the most favored pagan deity being the sun, as can be seen from the flag of the faith movement
  • the cult of Hitler's personality.
  • the spread of Norse paganism throughout Germany.

Similar movements have remained active in Germany since 1945 outside mainstream educational and social structures.

See also

  • German Christians
  • Neopaganism in German-speaking Europe
  • Positive Christianity
  • Religion in Nazi Germany

References

1. ^{{cite book|author=Richard Bonney|title=Confronting the Nazi War on Christianity: The Kulturkampf Newsletters, 1936-1939|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KuiPXOje7EkC&pg=PA62|accessdate=13 March 2013|date=15 June 2009|publisher=Peter Lang|isbn=978-3-03911-904-2|pages=62, 73}}
2. ^Jung, Carl G. (1970); Collected Works, Volume 10; Routledge & Kegan Paul, London; {{ISBN|0-7100-1640-9}}; p 184.
3. ^Jung, p. 185.
4. ^Jung, p 190 - 191.

Sources

  • Hauer, William et al. (1937); Germany's New Religion: The German Faith Movement; London, George Allen & Unwin Ltd. Written with Karl Heim & Karl Adam; trans. from German by T.S.K. Scott-Craig & R.E. Davies.
  • Nanko, Ulrich (1993); Die Deutsche Glaubensbewegung. Eine historische und soziologische Untersuchung (German: the German Faith Movement - a historical and sociological examination); Religionswissenschaftliche Reihe Bd. 4. Diagonal, Marburg (Lahn). {{ISBN|3-927165-16-6}}
  • Poewe, Karla (2005); New Religions and the Nazis; Routledge. {{ISBN|0-415-29024-4}}
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5 : Germanic mysticism|Nazi Party organizations|Nazism and occultism|Neopaganism in Germany|Neopagan religious organizations

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