| 词条 | German submarine U-1060 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
German submarine U-1060 was a Type VIIF submarine of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine in World War II. Commissioned on 15 May 1943, U-1060 was one of four Type VIIF torpedo transport submarines, which could carry up to 40 torpedoes,{{sfn|Gröner|page=104}} and were used to re-supply other U-boats at sea. U-1060 served from 15 May 1943 to 27 October 1944 with 5th U-boat Flotilla, a training unit. DesignAs one of the four German Type VIIF submarines, U-1060 had a displacement of {{convert|1084|t|LT}} when at the surface and {{convert|1181|t|LT}} while submerged.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|p=67}} She had a total length of {{convert|77.63|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a pressure hull length of {{convert|60.40|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a beam of {{convert|7.30|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a height of {{convert|9.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, and a draught of {{convert|4.91|m|ftin|abbr=on}}. The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 supercharged four-stroke, six-cylinder diesel engines producing a total of {{convert|2800 to 3200|PS|kW shp|-1}} for use while surfaced, two AEG GU 460/8-276 double-acting electric motors producing a total of {{convert|750|shp|PS kW}} for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two {{convert|1.23|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to {{convert|230|m}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|p=67}} The submarine had a maximum surface speed of {{convert|16.9|-|17.6|kn}} and a maximum submerged speed of {{convert|7.9|kn}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|p=67}} When submerged, the boat could operate for {{convert|75|nmi}} at {{convert|4|kn}}; when surfaced, she could travel {{convert|14700|nmi}} at {{convert|10|kn}}. U-1060 was fitted with five {{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one {{convert|8.8|cm|in|2|abbr=on}} SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and various anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of between 44 and 60.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|p=67}} Service historyU-1060 did not conduct any offensive patrols. Between December 1943 and October 1944 she made six voyages transporting torpedoes from the naval base in Kiel to ports in German-occupied Norway.[1]On 27 October 1944 Fleet Air Arm Fireflies and Barracudas from the aircraft carrier {{HMS|Implacable|R86|6}} attacked U-1060 with rockets and depth charges, and the submarine ran aground on the Norwegian island of Fleina south of Brønnøysund.{{sfn|Vančata|2013|p=69}} On the morning of 29 October two Liberator C Mk V heavy bombers of the Czechoslovak-manned No. 311 Squadron RAF from RAF Tain in Scotland attacked the grounded submarine with wing-mounted SAP60 semi-armour piercing rocket projectiles (RP's).{{sfn|Osolsobě|1990|pp=200–206}} Liberator FL949/Y led by Flg Off Josef Pavelka hit her with seven RP's. The rocket projectile sight aboard Liberator BZ723/H led by Sqn Ldr Alois Šedivý failed, but its crew managed to hit the submarine with another eight RP's. BZ723/H also dropped four depth charges, two of which straddled U-1060 abaft her conning tower.{{sfn|Vančata|2013|pp=69–70}} Finally two Halifax heavy bombers of No. 502 Squadron RAF also depth charged the submarine.{{sfn|Osolsobě|1990|pp=200–206}}{{sfn|Vančata|2013|p=70}} 12 of U-1060{{'}}s crew were killed and 43 survived.[2] References1. ^{{cite web |url= http://uboat.net/boats/patrols/u1060.html |title=Patrols by U-1060 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=uboat.net |accessdate=30 November 2009}} 2. ^{{cite web |url= http://uboat.net/boats/u1060.htm |title=The Type VIIF boat U-1060 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=uboat.net |accessdate=30 November 2009}} Bibliography{{Refbegin}}
|portal1=Military of Germany |portal2=Submarine |portal3=World War II }}{{use dmy dates|date=January 2015}}{{coord|65|24|N|12|0|E|display=title}}{{DEFAULTSORT:U1060}} 9 : 1943 ships|German Type VIIF submarines|Grounded U-boats|Maritime incidents in October 1944|Ships built in Kiel|U-boats commissioned in 1943|U-boats sunk in 1944|World War II shipwrecks in the Norwegian Sea|World War II submarines of Germany |
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