| 词条 | German submarine U-260 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
German submarine U-260 was a Type VIIC U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine for service during World War II. Her keel was laid down 7 May 1941 by Bremer Vulkan, of Bremen-Vegesack. She was commissioned 14 March 1942 with Kapitänleutnant Herbertus Purkhold in command. DesignGerman Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-260 had a displacement of {{convert|769|t|LT}} when at the surface and {{convert|871|t|LT}} while submerged.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} She had a total length of {{convert|67.10|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a pressure hull length of {{convert|50.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a beam of {{convert|6.20|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a height of {{convert|9.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, and a draught of {{convert|4.74|m|ftin|abbr=on}}. The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of {{convert|2800 to 3200|PS|kW shp|-1}} for use while surfaced, two AEG GU 460/8–27 double-acting electric motors producing a total of {{convert|750|PS|kW shp}} for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two {{convert|1.23|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to {{convert|230|m}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} The submarine had a maximum surface speed of {{convert|17.7|kn}} and a maximum submerged speed of {{convert|7.6|kn}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} When submerged, the boat could operate for {{convert|80|nmi}} at {{convert|4|kn}}; when surfaced, she could travel {{convert|8500|nmi}} at {{convert|10|kn}}. U-260 was fitted with five {{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one {{convert|8.8|cm|in|2|abbr=on}} SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and two twin {{convert|2|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} Service historyU-260 conducted nine patrols in total. On her second, U-260 was part of Spitz wolfpack[3] which attacked Convoy ON-154, making contact with the convoy on 28 December 1942, and sinking the 4,893 ton British freighter Empire Wagtail (lost with all hands – 43 dead).[4] This was the only ship sunk by U-260. Purkhold was relieved in April 1944 by Oberleutnant zur See Klaus Becker. Becker commanded the boat until March 1945. On 12 March 1945, U-260 was scuttled south of neutral Ireland, in position {{coord|51|15|N|09|05|W|scale:5000000|display=inline,title}}, after sustaining mine damage. The minefield had been laid by {{HMS|Apollo|M01|6}}, an {{sclass-|Abdiel|minelayer}}. After the sinking, a sealed container of papers floated to the surface. A British expert flew to Cork to examine them.[5] The crew of five officers and 48 crew were interned in Ireland for the remainder of the war. In her entire career, U-260 suffered no casualties to her crew. Post warThe wreck site of U-260 was discovered in 1975 by local fisherman Colin Barnes after snagging nets, although it was presumed that the wreck of Counsellor (sunk due to a mine in 1917) was in the area. A friend of Mr Barnes, Joe Barry, dived on the noted position and discovered the U-boat rather than the expected cargo ship. U-260 currently lies in about {{Convert|40|–|45|m}} of water approximately seven kilometres south of Glandore, and is a popular scuba diving site from Baltimore, County Cork and Union Hall. There is recent speculation that U-260 did not actually strike a mine, but instead struck an underwater pinnacle (now known as '78 Rock' but which was uncharted at the time) leading to its damaged state. On 1 July 2014, two divers got into trouble whilst exploring the wreck, the bodies of both of them were later recovered. WolfpacksU-260 took part in 16 wolfpacks, namely.
Summary of raiding history
References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://uboat.net/boats/u260.html |title=The Type VIIC boat U-260 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=2009-12-30}} 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://uboat.net/boats/patrols/u260.html |title=War Patrols by German U-boat U-260 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=2009-12-30}} 3. ^Rohwer & Hummelchen 1992 p.183 4. ^Hague 2000 p.135 5. ^{{cite book|last=Bourke|first=Edward|title=Shipwrecks of the Irish Coast|volume=2|page=197|isbn=0952302713}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://uboat.net/boats/successes/u260.html |title=Ships hit by U-260 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=26 December 2014}} Bibliography{{Refbegin}}
|last=Edwards |first=Bernard |title=Dönitz and the Wolf Packs - The U-boats at War |year=1996 |isbn=0-304-35203-9 |pages=136, 137, 176, 217 |publisher=Cassell Military Classics |ref={{sfnRef|Edwards}} }}
|last1=Gröner |first1=Erich |author-link1= |author-mask1= |last2=Jung |first2=Dieter |display-authors= |last-author-amp= |last3=Maass |first3=Martin |translator-last1=Thomas |translator-first1=Keith |translator-last2=Magowan |translator-first2=Rachel |year=1991 |title=U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels |volume=2 |work=German Warships 1815–1945 |location=London |publisher=Conway Maritime Press |isbn=0-85177-593-4 |ref=CITEREFGr.C3.B6ner1991 }}
|title=The Allied Convoy System 1939-1945 |last=Hague |first=Arnold |publisher=Naval Institute Press |year=2000 |isbn=1-55750-019-3 }}
|title=Chronology of the War at Sea 1939-1945 |last1=Rohwer |first1=J. |last2=Hummelchen |first2=G. |publisher=Naval Institute Press |year=1992 |isbn=1-55750-105-X }}
|last=Kemp |first=Paul |title=U-Boats Destroyed - German Submarine Losses in the World Wars |location=London |year=1999 |publisher=Arms & Armour |isbn=1-85409-515-3 |ref=harv }}{{Refend}} External links
|url=http://uboat.net/boats/u260.html |title=The Type VIIC boat U-260 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=26 December 2014 }}
|url=http://www.u-boot-archiv.de/dieboote/u0260.html |title=U 260 |last=Hofmann |first=Markus |website=Deutsche U-Boote 1935-1945 - u-boot-archiv.de |language=German |accessdate=26 December 2014 }}
| portal1=Military of Germany | portal2=Submarine | portal3=World War II }}{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2011}}{{DEFAULTSORT:U0260}} 9 : German Type VIIC submarines|U-boats commissioned in 1942|U-boats scuttled in 1945|World War II submarines of Germany|1942 ships|Ships built in Bremen (state)|Ships sunk with no fatalities|U-boats sunk by mines|Maritime incidents in March 1945 |
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