| 词条 | German submarine U-427 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
German submarine U-427 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. DesignGerman Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-427 had a displacement of {{convert|769|t|LT}} when at the surface and {{convert|871|t|LT}} while submerged.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} She had a total length of {{convert|67.10|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a pressure hull length of {{convert|50.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a beam of {{convert|6.20|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a height of {{convert|9.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, and a draught of {{convert|4.74|m|ftin|abbr=on}}. The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of {{convert|2800 to 3200|PS|kW shp|-1}} for use while surfaced, two Siemens-Schuckert GU 343/38–8 double-acting electric motors producing a total of {{convert|750|PS|kW shp}} for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two {{convert|1.23|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to {{convert|230|m}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} The submarine had a maximum surface speed of {{convert|17.7|kn}} and a maximum submerged speed of {{convert|7.6|kn}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} When submerged, the boat could operate for {{convert|80|nmi}} at {{convert|4|kn}}; when surfaced, she could travel {{convert|8500|nmi}} at {{convert|10|kn}}. U-427 was fitted with five {{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one {{convert|8.8|cm|in|2|abbr=on}} SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and two twin {{convert|2|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} Service historyBuilt by Danziger Werft, Danzig, the U-boat was laid down on 27 July 1942, launched on 6 February 1943 and commissioned on 2 June 1943 with a crew of 53 under their Austrian commander Oberleutnant Graf Carl-Gabriel von Gudenus. It survived until the end of the war. Ironically, most U-boats achieved notoriety for the number of kills they achieved, or the total tonnage of the vessels they sank, but in the case of U-427 fame was achieved in a different way.[3] From its first voyage, on 20 June 1944, until the end of the war, U-427 never destroyed any of its targets. It fired torpedoes at two vessels, {{HMCS|Haida|G63|6}} and {{HMCS|Iroquois|G89|6}} on 29 April 1945, missing both, but it was for its ability to survive under harrowing circumstances that U-427 became known. In April 1945, leading up to, during, and after those two attacks, U-427 survived 678 depth charge attempts. On 2 May 1945, U-427 returned to its base at Kilbotn, Norway, where it remained for the few remaining days before Germany's surrender.[3][4][5] U-427 surrendered at Narvik, Norway, on 8 May 1945, and was transferred to Loch Eriboll, Scotland, on 19 May, and later to Loch Ryan as part of "Operation Deadlight" when it was sunk on 21 December 1945 at {{coord|56|04|N|09|35|W|display=inline, title}}. References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://uboat.net/boats/u427.html |title=The Type VIIC boat U-427 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=2009-12-05}} 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://uboat.net/boats/patrols/u427.html |title=War Patrols by German U-boat U-427 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=2009-12-05}} 3. ^1 U-Boat Operations: U-427 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311001720/http://ubootwaffe.net/ops/boat.cgi?boat=427 |date=11 March 2007 }}, ubootwaffe.net 4. ^Ship details: U-427, ubootwaffe.net 5. ^Ship details: HMCS Iroquois, ubootwaffe.net Bibliography{{Refbegin}}
|last1=Busch |first1=Rainer |last2=Röll |first2=Hans-Joachim |title=Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 |trans-title=German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945 |work=Der U-Boot-Krieg |volume=IV |publisher=Mittler |location=Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn |year=1999 |isbn=3-8132-0514-2 |language=German |ref=harv }}
|last1=Gröner |first1=Erich |author-link1= |author-mask1= |last2=Jung |first2=Dieter |display-authors= |last-author-amp= |last3=Maass |first3=Martin |translator-last1=Thomas |translator-first1=Keith |translator-last2=Magowan |translator-first2=Rachel |year=1991 |title=U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels |volume=2 |work=German Warships 1815–1945 |location=London |publisher=Conway Maritime Press |isbn=0-85177-593-4 |ref=CITEREFGr.C3.B6ner1991 }}{{Refend}} External links
|url=http://uboat.net/boats/u427.html |title=The Type VIIC boat U-427 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=26 December 2014 }}{{German Type VII submarines}}{{December 1945 shipwrecks}}{{Subject bar | portal1=Military of Germany | portal2=Submarine | portal3=World War II }}{{use dmy dates|date=December 2014}}{{DEFAULTSORT:U0427}} 8 : German Type VIIC submarines|U-boats commissioned in 1943|World War II submarines of Germany|U-boats sunk in 1945|1943 ships|Operation Deadlight|Ships built in Danzig|Maritime incidents in December 1945 |
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