“Gisborne, Victoria”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Gisborne ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɡ|ɪ|z|b|ər|n}})^[2] is a town in the Macedon Ranges, approximately {{convert|54|km|mi|0}} north-west of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. The town was named after Henry Fyshe Gisborne (1815–1841), the first Commissioner for Crown Lands of the Port Phillip District.^[3].

History

The original inhabitants of Gisborne were the Dja Dja Wrung and Wurundjeri Aboriginal people. Aboriginal people have lived in the Macedon Ranges area for at least 26,000 years. The Wurundjeri, Dja Dja Wurrrung and Taungurung communities are still active. In 1834, John Aitken arrived in Melbourne and deemed the land south of Mount Macedon ideally suited to sheep grazing. He selected a sizeable area of land and in the following year, shipped merino sheep from Tasmania. Despite his ship running aground at Dromana, Aitken managed to rescue many of his flock and transport them to the Gisborne area with the help of aborigines. He named his property "Emmeline Vale," after his wife Emmeline. Aitken reared six children on the property and produced some of the finest merino wool in the Colony.^[4]

From the late 1830s, many pastoralists, arriving from Tasmania and New South Wales, began taking up areas of land in the surrounding districts. The first recorded settlers were: Barbour and Matson, who settled at Bullengarook, Hill at the "Turitable Run" south of Mount Macedon, Stainforth in the area around the present Rosslynne Reservoir, and Aitken and Howey in the area to be later known as Gisborne.

In 1840, Henry Fyshe Gisborne, who was Commissioner of Crown Lands for the Port Phillip District, set up an outpost for his Border Police troopers where the Wyabun Park part of Gisborne is now situated. This was in response to repeated requests from colonists in the area for him and his force to assist in suppressing Aboriginal resistance. A hotel named the Bush Inn was soon after built near to the barracks. Gisborne Post Office opened on 22 March 1850 as Bush Inn but was renamed Gisborne ten days later in honour of Henry Fyshe Gisborne.^[5]

Today

Gisborne is the largest township in the Macedon Ranges, and the closest to Melbourne's CBD, which can be accessed easily via a 45-minute drive along the Calder Freeway or a 50 minute train ride on the Bendigo Line. Together with the nearby town of Macedon, Gisborne had an estimated population of 21,071^[6] at June 2016.

The town centre has a number of Melbourne-style cafes and wine bars, as well a theater^[7],restaurants and galleries, monthly farmers' market^[8], an organic butcher and three supermarkets stocking local produce, as well as organic, vegan and gluten-free foods.^[9] Gisborne has a full-time police station in conjunction with the CFA station and medical-ambulance facilities. Sporting facilities cater for AFL football, cricket, soccer, tennis, netball gymnastics and lawn bowls as well as a heated indoor pool.

A plethora of media reports^[10]^[11] has made reference to the influx of young professionals, artists and 'hipsters' to the region,^[12] drawn by the region's natural beauty, proximity to the city and access to city-style cafes and restaurants.^[13]^[14] The large numbers of new residents is making the local population growth rate among the fastest in regional Victoria.^[15] Locals, worried about the environmental and cultural impacts of this growing popularity, successfully campaigned for new planning controls to protect the character of the region.^[16]

Population

In the 2016 Census, there were 9,822 people in Gisborne. 82.1% of people were born in Australia. The next most common countries of birth were England 4.0% and New Zealand 1.3%. 89.9% of people spoke only English at home. The most common responses for religion were No Religion 35.3%, Catholic 28.3% and Anglican 13.0%.^[1]

Education

The town has two primary schools and one secondary school, Gisborne Secondary College.

Sister cities

Image gallery

See also

References

1. ^¹{{Census 2016 AUS | id = UCL214006 | name = Gisborne | accessdate = 31 October 2017| quick = on}}
2. ^Macquarie Dictionary, Fourth Edition (2005). Melbourne, The Macquarie Library Pty Ltd. {{ISBN|1-876429-14-3}}
3. ^Gisborne Online Web Site accessed 29 September 2006
4. ^A Brief History of Gisborne and Mount Macedon Districts accessed 23 October 2006
5. ^{{Citation | last = Premier Postal History | title = Post Office List | url = https://www.premierpostal.com/cgi-bin/wsProd.sh/Viewpocdwrapper.p?SortBy=VIC&country= | accessdate = 2008-04-11 }}
6. ^{{cite web|title=3218.0 – Regional Population Growth, Australia, 2016: Population Estimates by Significant Urban Area, 2006 to 2016|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/DetailsPage/3218.02016|website=Australian Bureau of Statistics|publisher=Australian Bureau of Statistics|date=28 July 2017|accessdate=26 October 2017}} Estimated resident population, 30 June 2016.
7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://baringo.net.au/theatre/|title=Barringo Theatre|last=|first=|date=|website=Barringo|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}
8. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.gisborneoldetimemarket.org.au/|title=Gisborne Olde Time Market - Food, Arts andd Craft|website=www.gisborneoldetimemarket.org.au|access-date=2018-05-22}}
9. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.williamsonsfoodworks.com.au/departments.php|title=Williamson's Foodworks - Gisborne & Sunbury|website=www.williamsonsfoodworks.com.au|language=en|access-date=2018-05-22}}
10. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.domain.com.au/news/the-design-files-elizabeth-barnett-creates-a-farmhouse-retreat-in-the-macedon-ranges-20170818-gxmrsk/|title=The Design Files: Artist Elizabeth Barnett creates a farmhouse retreat in the Macedon Ranges|date=2017-08-18|work=Domain|access-date=2018-05-22|language=en-US}}
11. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.bendigoadvertiser.com.au/story/4404326/hipster-haven-why-crowds-flock-to-kyneton-photos/|title=Hipster haven: Why crowds flock to Kyneton {{!}} Photos|last=Zhou|first=Christina|date=2017-01-15|work=Bendigo Advertiser|access-date=2018-05-22|language=en}}
12. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-02-04/lee-lee-chin-scolds-hipsters-old-kyneton-hospital/7139410|title=Lee Lin Chin scolds hipsters to save old hospital|date=2016-02-04|work=ABC News|access-date=2018-05-22|language=en-AU}}
13. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.realestate.com.au/advice/hippy-towns-get-hip/|title=When Hippy Towns Get Hip|website=www.realestate.com.au|language=en-US|access-date=2018-05-22}}
14. ^{{Citation|last=RegionalLivingVic|title=Kevin & Bruce from Mirkwood Forest - Ready When You Are|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q_vIV0RSWzY|access-date=2018-12-20}}
15. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-02-15/macedon-planning/9445616|title=Election battle looms as residents worry over Macedon Ranges growth policy|last=Lenaghan|first=Peter|date=15 Feb 2018|work=ABC News|access-date=15 Feb 2018}}
16. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.theage.com.au/national/victoria/we-dont-want-it-to-become-like-melbourne-new-rules-to-protect-macedon-ranges-20171212-h03awv.html|title=New Rules to protect Macedon Ranges|last=Cowie|first=Tom|date=13 December 2017|work=The Age|access-date=13 December 2017}}
17. ^{{Citation|url=http://www.gdc.govt.nz/council/sister+cities.htm |title=Sister Cities |publisher=Gisborne District Council |accessdate=2008-11-25 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081014122123/http://www.gdc.govt.nz/Council/Sister+Cities.htm |archivedate=October 14, 2008 }}