| 词条 | Glannoventa |
| 释义 |
|name = Glannoventa |native_name = |alternate_name = |image = Remains of a Roman Bath House, Ravenglass - geograph.org.uk - 1335579.jpg |alt = |caption = Visible remains of the extra-mural Ravenglass Roman Bath House. |map_type = England |map_alt = |map_size = |coordinates = {{coord|54|20|57|N|3|24|15|W|display=inline,title}} |location = Ravenglass, Cumbria, England |region = Brittania |type = Fortification and settlement |part_of = |length = |width = |area = |height = |builder = |material = |built = c.122 |abandoned = |epochs = Roman Imperial |cultures = |dependency_of = |occupants = |event = |excavations = 1976-8 |archaeologists = |condition = |ownership = |management = |public_access = yes |website = |notes = }}{{RomanMilitary}}Glannoventa is a consensus form of the Latin place-name for a Roman fort that appeared as Clanoventa in the 2nd-century Antonine Itinerary, Glannibanta in the 4th-century Notitia Dignitatum, and Cantiventi in the 6th-century Ravenna Cosmography. It is identified with the naval base at Ravenglass in Cumbria, England.[1] An infantry unit of the Roman army, apparently based at the fort in the year 158 was the First Cohort Aelia Classica, where ‘Aelius’ was the family name of the Emperor Hadrian, while ‘Classica’ is derived from the Latin classis ‘fleet’, suggesting that the soldiers were recruited from the fleet in Hadrian’s time (117 to 138).[2] Apart from the extramural bath house, little survives of the fort. A railway line was built through it in the nineteenth century, and one end has been affected by coastal erosion.[3] A Roman Road led inland via Hardknott and other sites named in the Ravenna Cosmography.[4] Extra mural structuresRoman Bath House{{main|Ravenglass Roman Bath House}}The walls of a bath house, sometimes referred to as Walls Castle, survive to a height of 4m and include bricked archways. This building was constructed to the north east of the fort. It is under the care of English Heritage.[5] VicusA project to excavate the vicus ("the civilian area to the east of the fort") began in 2013.[6] It has concentrated on areas identified in a geophysical survey. References1. ^{{Cite web|url=http://research.historicengland.org.uk/redirect.aspx?id=6520%7C%20Ravenglass%20Roman%20Fort,%20Cumbria.%20Survey%20Report|title=English Heritage Fieldwork|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}} 2. ^History and Research: Ravenglass Roman Bath House, 3. ^[https://www.dur.ac.uk/resources/archaeological.services/research_training/hadrianswall_research_framework/project_documents/Ravenglass.pdf Ravenglass (Itunocelum)] 4. ^http://omnesviae.org/#!iter_OVPlace452_ 5. ^Muncaster Castle and Ravenglass Bath House article at www.cambridgemilitaryhistory.com 6. ^{{cite news | url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-cumbria-22277334 | title=Ravenglass Roman fort: Project to unearth civilian settlement | date= May 2013 | accessdate=19 September 2013}} 3 : Roman fortifications in England|Roman sites in Cumbria|Roman legionary fortresses in England |
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