| 词条 | Glendale Galleria |
| 释义 |
| name = Glendale Galleria | logo = Glendale Galleria logo.svg | logo_size = 115 | logo_caption = | image = Glendale Galleria Entrance at Sunset.png | image_size = 225 | image_alt = | image_caption = Front entrance | former_names = | alternate_names = | etymology = | status = complete | topped_out = | building_type = Shopping mall | architectural_style = | classification = | location = Glendale, California, United States | address = 100 W Broadway Suite 700 | location_city = | location_country = | coordinates = {{coord|34|8|45.22|N|118|15|29.82|W|display=inline,title}} | altitude = | current_tenants = | groundbreaking_date = | start_date = 1973 | est_completion = | topped_out_date = | completion_date = | opened_date = {{Start date and age|1976|10|14}} | inauguration_date = | renovation_date = 2012-2013 | cost = US$75 million | ren_cost = US$57.5 million | client = | owner = Brookfield Properties Retail Group | architectural = | structural_system = | material = Brick, marble, stone, aluminum, steel, granite, glass[1] | size = | floor_count = 3 | floor_area = {{convert|1.6|e6sqft}} | elevator_count = | architect = Jon Jerde | architecture_firm = | developer = Glendale Associates | engineer = | structural_engineer = | services_engineer = | civil_engineer = | other_designers = | quantity_surveyor = | main_contractor = | awards = | designations = | known_for = | ren_architect = {{ubl | Kevin Kennon[1][3] | Alan Loomis[1] | SWA Group[1] {{small|(Landscape Architect)}} }} | ren_firm = {{ubl | ELS Architecture[1][3] | Kevin Kennon Architects[1][3] }} | ren_engineer = {{ubl | S.Y. Lee Associates[1] {{small|(Consulting Engineers)}} | AMEC E&I[1] {{small|(Geotechnical)}} }} | ren_str_engineer = KPFF Consulting Engineers[1] | ren_serv_engineer = | ren_civ_engineer = KPFF Consulting Engineers[1] | ren_oth_designers = {{ubl | RSM Design[1][3] {{small|(Signage and Graphics)}} | Horten Lees Brogden[1] {{small|(Lighting)}} }} | ren_qty_surveyor = | ren_contractor = VCC Construction[1] | ren_awards = | number_of_stores = 200+ | number_of_anchors = 6 | parking = 2 parking decks, 6300+ spots total[18] | website = {{url|glendalegalleria.com}} | references = [1][2][3] | footnotes = }} The Glendale Galleria is a large three-story regional shopping center and office complex located in downtown Glendale, California, USA. Opened in 1976, with 1.6 million square feet of retail space, it is the fourth largest mall in Los Angeles County after Westfield Topanga, Lakewood Center and Del Amo Fashion Center. The mall is owned and managed by Brookfield Properties Retail Group since 2002. It has been consistently ranked as one of the highest-grossing shopping centers in the United States. HistoryThe Glendale Galleria was developed by Glendale Associates, a partnership between J.S. Griffiths Co, Broadway Hale Stores and M.J. Brock & Sons.[4] Construction of the mall started in 1973 as agreements were negotiated with Glendale's Redevelopment Agency. The mall cost US$75 million.[5] The architect was Jon Jerde,[6] who credited his design to a Ray Bradbury essay on reviving retail districts.[7][8] The first shops to open in the mall were the Buffums' and The Broadway department stores, both in August 1976, a few months prior to the mall's formal opening. The Galleria officially opened on October 14, 1976.[9][10][11] Ohrbach's and JCPenney opened locations in October and November 1976, respectively.[12] The Galleria's first expansion, Galleria II, was completed in 1983.[12] It expanded a wing of the mall and added another anchor store, Nordstrom.[13] The first Panda Express restaurant opened in Galleria II in the same year, on level 3 near Bloomingdale's. The first Disney Store opened in the Glendale Galleria on March 28, 1987. By 1990, the mall was {{convert|1600000|sqft}} in size, and had annual revenues of $350 million.[14] Glendale Galleria was selected by Apple Inc. as the location of one of the first two Apple Stores in the world (along with Tysons Corner Center in McLean, Virginia); both officially opened on May 19, 2001.[15] On September 4, 2002, the Galleria's three owners at the time; J.S. Griffiths, Cigna, and the New York State Teachers' Retirement System, put the mall up for sale "for reasons unrelated to the mall's performance".[16] On October 28, 2002, it was announced that General Growth Properties (now Brookfield Properties Retail Group) will buy the Glendale Galleria for $415 million.[17] The acquisition was completed on December 6th of that year.[18] The Galleria includes the world's first three-story Target store, which opened to the public on July 29, 2007 replacing a former Robinsons-May store.[19] In 2016, it was reported that 30 million people have visited the Galleria throughout the year, making it one of the top 100 shopping centers according to Green Street Advisors.[20] As of 2017, over 200 stores remain operational in the Galleria, with 6 of them acting as anchor stores.[11] ArchitectureOriginally, the Galleria was covered in a windowless, unadorned brick finish.[1] This type of architecture reflected the style of other shopping malls built across the country between the 1960s and 1970s. RenovationStarting April 25, 2012, the Galleria underwent an extensive renovation.[11][21][22] Designed by Kevin Kennon and Alan Loomis, objectives of the renovation included a modernized look, improved signage, and enhanced circulation and access.[23] Various metal panels and meshes, most made out of white marble and black granite,[1] were added to the building's facades. The renovation cost $57.5 million[21] and was completed on November 9, 2013.[24] References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 {{cite web | title = Glendale Galleria City Design Review | url = http://www.ci.glendale.ca.us/government/council_packets/Reports_112911/CC_RA_Item2_112911.pdf | accessdate = 2016-01-06}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web | title = Glendale Galleria - RSM Design | url = https://rsmdesign.com/portfolio/glendale-galleria/ | accessdate = 2016-11-17}} 3. ^1 {{cite web | title = Parking | Glendale Galleria | url = https://www.glendalegalleria.com/en/parking.html | accessdate = 2016-12-21}} 4. ^{{cite news|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/645246312.html|title=Financing Set for Galleria in Glendale|publisher=Los Angeles Times|date=June 2, 1974|accessdate=March 11, 2010}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Glendale Galleria timeline: 1972: Galleria project...|url=http://articles.glendalenewspress.com/2004-05-08/news/export10396_1_glendale-galleria-donahue-schriber-dan-donahue|accessdate=2016-11-17}} 6. ^{{cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2000/mar/10/entertainment/ca-7235|title=MOMA to Advise Tokyo Museum et al.|publisher=Los Angeles Times|date=March 10, 2000|accessdate=March 11, 2010|first1=Paul|last1=Lieberman|first2=Sonni|last2=Efron}} ("Los Angeles area's mega-mall expert, Jon Jerde, designer of Universal City's CityWalk, the Westside Pavilion and Glendale Galleria") 7. ^Weller, Sam. [https://books.google.com/books?id=A1QwWZCbHjQC&pg=PA292#v=onepage&q=&f=false The Bradbury chronicles: the life of Ray Bradbury] p.292 (William Morrow 2005) ({{ISBN|978-0060545819}}) 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.theparisreview.org/blog/2015/01/29/the-pomegranate-architect/|title=The Pomegranate Architect|last=Bradbury|first=Ray|website=The Paris Review|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150130003716/http://www.theparisreview.org/blog/2015/01/29/the-pomegranate-architect/|archivedate=2015-01-30}} 9. ^{{cite news|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/658566712.html|title=Glendale Galleria Mall Opens to Public|publisher=Los Angeles Times|date=October 13, 1976|accessdate=March 11, 2010}} ("A milestone event in Southland retail merchandising will take place in Glendale on Thursday, October 14, when the 1,000-foot long shopping mall of the $70-million Glendale Galleria...") 10. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/article-1G1-138024208/mall-new-generation.html|title=Mall for a new generation|author=Brent Hopkins|publisher=Los Angeles Daily News|date=October 27, 2009|accessdate=March 11, 2010}} ("This all led to the 1976 birth of the Glendale Galleria, the super-regional mall so huge it extended across several city blocks. ... General Growth Properties Inc., owner of the Glendale Galleria") 11. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=Glendale Galleria celebrates 40 years|url=http://www.latimes.com/socal/glendale-news-press/news/tn-gnp-me-galleria-annv-20160930-story.html|accessdate=2017-03-25}} 12. ^1 {{cite web|title=Glendale Galleria timeline|url=http://articles.glendalenewspress.com/2004-05-08/news/export10396_1_glendale-galleria-donahue-schriber-dan-donahue|website=tribunedigital-glendalenews-press|accessdate=2016-01-29}} 13. ^{{cite news|title=Months of Planning Come to End as Glendale Galleria Packs 'Em In|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1987-12-21/business/fi-20369_1_johnson-redbook-service/2|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=1987-12-21|access-date=2016-01-29|issn=0458-3035|language=en-US|first=MARTHA|last=GROVES}} 14. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/07/08/realestate/national-notebook-glendale-calif-2-office-towers-rising-at-last.html?pagewanted=all|title=Glendale, Calif.; 2 Office Towers Rising at Last|author=Andrea Adelson|publisher=The New York Times|date=July 8, 1990|accessdate=March 11, 2010}} 15. ^{{cite web|author=Joe Wilcox |url=http://news.cnet.com/2100-1040-257629.html|title=Does Apple have a future in retail? - CNET News|publisher=CNET|accessdate=November 14, 2012}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.thefreelibrary.com/FOR+SALE%3a+GLENDALE+GALLERIA.-a091061838|title=FOR SALE: GLENDALE GALLERIA.|date=September 4, 2002|website=The Free Library|publisher=Los Angeles Daily News|access-date=July 18, 2018}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.thefreelibrary.com/GLENDALE+GALLERIA+OFF+SHELF+MALL+SOLD+FOR+%24415+MILLION.-a093666139|title=GLENDALE GALLERIA OFF SHELF MALL SOLD FOR $415 MILLION.|date=October 29, 2002|website=The Free Library|publisher=Los Angeles Daily News|access-date=July 18, 2018}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.thefreelibrary.com/BRIEFCASE+GGP%27S+ACQUISITION+OF+GALLERIA+FINAL.-a095058370|title=BRIEFCASE GGP'S ACQUISITION OF GALLERIA FINAL.|date=December 6, 2002|website=The Free Library|publisher=Los Angeles Daily News|access-date=July 18, 2018}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=https://la.curbed.com/2007/7/25/10590890/worlds-first-th|title=Soft Open: World's First Three-Floor Target Store|date=July 25, 2007|publisher=Curbed Los Angeles|access-date=July 18, 2018}} 20. ^{{cite web|work=Marketplace|title=Brick and mortar stores are dying, but not at this mall|url=https://www.marketplace.org/2017/06/08/business/how-one-california-mall-changing-and-thriving|access-date=July 26, 2017}} 21. ^1 {{cite web|title=Glendale Galleria owners launch major makeover of mall - latimes|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2012/apr/30/business/la-fi-property-report-20120430|accessdate=2016-12-21}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=https://la.curbed.com/2012/4/25/10376764/hard-work-of-modernizing-the-glendale-galleria-has-begun|title=Hard Work of Modernizing the Glendale Galleria Has Begun|date=April 25, 2012|publisher=Curbed Los Angeles|access-date=July 18, 2018}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.chainstoreage.com/real-estate/glendale-galleria-names-architects-center-renovation/|title=Glendale Galleria names architects for center renovation|date=April 26, 2012|website=Chain Store Age|access-date=July 18, 2018}} 24. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.dailynews.com/2013/11/09/glendale-galleria-officially-debuts-new-sleek-look/|title=Glendale Galleria officially debuts new sleek look|date=November 9, 2013|publisher=Los Angeles Daily News|access-date=July 18, 2018}} External links
5 : Shopping malls in the San Fernando Valley|Brookfield Properties Retail Group|Buildings and structures in Glendale, California|Tourist attractions in Glendale, California|Shopping malls established in 1976 |
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