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词条 Glen of Imaal
释义

  1. History

     Early history  Military use  1941 disaster  1979 incident 

  2. Firing range

  3. Mountain climbing

  4. See also

  5. References

The Glen of Imaal ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɪ|m|ɑː|l}} or {{IPAc-en|ˈ|iː|m|ɑː|l}}; {{lang-ga|Gleann Uí Mháil}}) is a remote glen in the western Wicklow Mountains in Ireland. It is ringed by the Lugnaquilla massif and its foothills, including Table mountain and Keadeen. Much of the glen is used by the Irish Army as an artillery firing range, and hill walkers who use the glen are advised to observe the times of firing practice and to refrain from picking up strange objects.

The Glen of Imaal is the subject of an eponymously titled Irish folk song,[1] and also the place of origin of the eponymous dog breed, the Glen of Imaal Terrier.[2]

History

Early history

The Glen of Imaal is named from the Uí Máil, who dominated the kingship of Leinster in the 7th century.[3] They were ousted by the Uí Dúnlainge from the lowlands of what would be County Kildare, and from that time until the early 13th century were located along the western foothills of the Wicklow mountains. The valley appears to have been a center of their power. By the 14th century, O'Tuathail (O'Toole) (of the Uí Dunlainge) had taken the lordship of the Uí Máil, having in their turn been expelled from south Kildare by Norman incomers. Given its isolated location, it had developed a long tradition of opposition to outside centralising control.{{cn|date=March 2013}}

Derrynamuck in the Glen Of Imaal is a cottage dedicated to the memory of Michael Dwyer, a celebrated 1798 leader. It is now known as the Dwyer-McAllister cottage, for it was there that a group of Irish rebels led by Michael Dwyer were hiding when they were surrounded by British troops. Samuel McAllister died when he drew enemy fire to allow Dwyer to escape.{{cn|date=April 2013}}

Military use

Since 1900, much of the Glen of Imaal (5,948 acres) has been used as an army artillery range. Because of this, caution is advised when attempting to use areas within the army range,[4] and notices are posted as to when the army are on field exercises.[5][6]

1941 disaster

On 16 September 1941, the Glen of Imaal was the site of the worst single incident involving loss of life in the history of the Irish Defence Forces.[7][8][9] This incident, known as the Glen of Imaal Disaster,[10] occurred during a training exercise involving 27 officers and men from the army's anti-aircraft battalion, artillery school, and corps of engineers.[11][12][9] 16 soldiers were killed when an antitank mine unexpectedly exploded (15 immediately and 1 later succumbing to his wounds).[13] Three other men were blinded in the accident.[14]

1979 incident

On 15 April 1979, a fatal accident occurred in the Glen when a group of teenagers engaging in an orienteering activity triggered an explosive which subsequently detonated, killing three and seriously injuring others.[15] The group originated from Lucan. The resultant inquiry found that the explosive was an unexploded shell which had been left in the region by the military during one of their exercises. The Minister for Defence of the 21st Dáil, Bobby Molloy, issued a statement in the chamber expressing his "personal regret" about the incident, and encouraged members of the public to avoid replicating the "tragic occurrences" by avoiding the area entirely to not encounter the shells.[16] The deceased were buried in Esker Cemetery, and are commemorated annually at mass services in Lucan.[17]

Firing range

The Glen of Imaal firing range is used throughout the year by the Irish Army as a training area. It is the only range in the country capable of accommodating field artillery such as the 105mm Light Gun. The range area is also used for firing anti-tank weapons, mortars and heavy machine guns, as well as the vehicle mounted weapons of the Cavalry Corps. Military training in the area is not limited to the firing of heavy weapons.[18] Tactical exercises also take place there, sometimes involving MOWAG Armoured Personnel Carriers and Irish Air Corps helicopters.[19] Exercises in peacekeeping operations are also undertaken in the Glen.[20]

Care is advised while driving on local roads due to the presence of heavy military traffic,{{fact|date=March 2019}} and there have been some questions on the impacts of military exercises on residents and the safety of other road users in the area.[6][21]

Units using the Glen area are sometimes billeted in the nearby Coolmoney Camp. The Glen of Imaal is accessible to the Curragh Camp in County Kildare by the Dunlavin-Old Killcullen Road.{{fact|date=March 2019}}

Mountain climbing

The highest mountain in Wicklow and one of the highest mountains in Ireland, Lugnaquilla, is on the southeastern end of the Glen. Fenton's Pub is a common starting point.{{fact|date=March 2019}} The Glen of Imaal Red Cross Mountain Rescue Team was formed in 1983, and serves the area in partnership with Dublin-Wicklow Mountain Rescue Team.[22][23]

See also

  • List of Irish military installations

References

1. ^{{cite web|url = https://www.rte.ie/entertainment/music-reviews/2006/0626/449427-triniti/ | publisher = RTÉ | website = rte.ie | title = Music Reviews - Trinití | date = 26 June 2006 | accessdate = 24 March 2019 }}
2. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.ikc.ie/dog-ownership/types-of-dog/breeds/native-breeds-of-ireland/native-irish-breed/72/ | publisher = Irish Kennel Club | website = ikc.ie | title = Native Breeds of Ireland - Glen of Imaal Terrier | accessdate = 24 March 2019}}
3. ^{{cite book | title = Early Medieval Ireland, 400-1200 | author = Daibhi O Croinin | isbn = 9781317901761 | page = 53 | date = 2013 }}
4. ^{{cite web|url = https://www.defence.ie/glen-imaal | publisher = Department of Defence | website = defence.ie | title = Glen of Imaal - Military Range Lands | accessdate = 23 March 2019}}
5. ^{{cite web| url = https://www.mountaineering.ie/aboutus/news/2018/?id=132 | publisher = Mountaineering Ireland | website = mountaineering.ie | title = Notification of Shooting Glen of Imaal - February 2018 | date = 16 January 2018 | archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20180806170513/https://www.mountaineering.ie/aboutus/news/2018/?id=132 | archivedate = 6 August 2018 }}
6. ^1 {{cite web|url = https://www.kildarestreet.com/wrans/?id=2018-05-23a.138 | publisher = kildarestreet.com | work = Oireachtas Debate Record | title = Written answers - Wednesday, 23 May 2018 - Department of Defence - Defence Forces Training| date = 23 May 2018 | accessdate = 24 March 2019 }}
7. ^{{cite web|url = https://www.historyireland.com/on-this-day-listing/september-16/ | publisher = History Ireland | website = historyireland.com | title = On This Day - September 16 | quote = worst disaster in the history of the Irish defence forces | accessdate = 5 March 2019 }}
8. ^{{cite web|url = https://www.rte.ie/archives/2016/0901/813423-memorial-to-glen-of-imaal-victims/ | publisher = RTÉ | website = rte.ie | title = RTÉ Archives - Remembering Glen of Imaal Victims - 1986 | accessdate = 5 March 2019 | quote = [voiceover] it was the worst single incident involving loss of life for the army since the foundation of the state }}
9. ^1 {{cite web|url = http://artilleryclub.ie/75th-anniversary-glen-explosion-16-sep-16/ | publisher = The Artillery Club | website = artilleryclub.ie | title = 75th Anniversary Glen Explosion 16 Sep 16 | quote = The 1941 accident remains the single tragedy with the greatest casualties in the history of Óglaigh na Éireann | accessdate = 5 March 2019 }}
10. ^{{cite web|url = https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/debates/debate/dail/1943-02-04/26/ | publisher = Government of Ireland | website = oireachtas.ie | title = Dáil Éireann debate - Thursday, 4 Feb 1943 - Oral Answers - The Glen of Imaal Disaster | date = 4 February 1914 | accessdate = 5 March 2019 }}
11. ^{{cite magazine | publisher = History Ireland | website = historyireland.com | url = https://www.historyireland.com/volume-27/the-glen-of-imaal-disaster-1941%EF%BB%BF/| title = The Glen of Imaal disaster, 1941 | issue = 2 | date = March 2019 | volume = 27 | page = 44 | quote = The [60 man] group then divided, 27 men surrounding McLoughlin and the remainder gathered 50 yards away | url-access=subscription }}
12. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.irishwarmemorials.ie/pdf/348.pdf| publisher = Irish War Memorials | website = irishwarmemorials.ie | title = Glen Imaal Memorial - Inventory No. 355 | accessdate = 5 March 2019 }}
13. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.irishmedals.ie/Irish-Medals.php | publisher = Irish Medals | website = irishmedals.ie | title = Medals 16/09/1941 | accessdate = 5 March 2019 | quote = On the 16th of September 1941 16 Irish Soldiers were killed when a mine they were training with exploded in the Glen of Imaal in County Wicklow. Fifteen Soldiers died instantly and another died later from wounds received}}
14. ^{{cite web|url = https://www.independent.ie/regionals/droghedaindependent/news/john-was-the-last-survivor-of-glenofimaal-tragedy-27162199.html | publisher = Independent News & Media | website = independent.ie | title = John was the last survivor of Glen-of-Imaal tragedy | date = 21 December 2011 | accessdate = 5 March 2019 }}
15. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.irishtimes.com/news/1979-the-year-that-was-1.796205 | publisher = Irish Times | website = irishtimes.com | title = 1979 The Year That Was | date = 30 December 2009 | accessdate = 5 March 2019 }}
16. ^{{cite web|url = https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/debates/debate/dail/1979-05-03/23/ | publisher = Government of Ireland | website = oireachtas.ie | title = Dáil Éireann debate - Thursday, 3 May 1979 - Oral Answers - Glen of Imaal Tragedy | date = 3 May 1979 | accessdate = 5 March 2019 }}
17. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.lucannewsletter.ie/archive/apr122015.pdf | publisher = Lucan Newsletter | website = lucannewsletter.ie | title = Anniversaries and remembrances | date = 12 April 2015 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20150919022210/http://www.lucannewsletter.ie/archive/apr122015.pdf | archivedate = 19 September 2015 }}
18. ^{{cite web|url = https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/targets-bullets-and-soldiers-deep-in-the-wicklow-mountains-1.3139502 | publisher = Irish Times | website = irishtimes.com | title = Defence Forces International Marksmanship Skills challenge takes place in Glen of Imaal | date = 1 July 2017 }}
19. ^{{cite web|url = https://www.irishexaminer.com/video/news/video-army-training-at-the-glen-of-imaal-444669.html | publisher = Irish Examiner | website = irishexaminer.com | title = Army training at the Glen of Imaa | date = 7 March 2017 }}
20. ^{{cite web|url = https://www.irishexaminer.com/ireland/irish-soldiers-face-deployment-inside-war-torn-syria-469724.html | publisher = Irish Examiner | website = irishexaminer.com | title = Irish soldiers face deployment inside war-torn Syria | date = 22 April 2018 | quote = Defence Forces on a mission readiness exercise in the Glen of Imaal prior to their deployment to the Golan Heights }}
21. ^{{cite web|url = https://www.independent.ie/regionals/wicklowpeople/news/locals-unhappy-with-defence-forces-treatment-of-area-army-under-fire-from-glen-of-imaal-residents-27751793.html | publisher = Independent News & Media | website = independent.ie | title = Locals unhappy with Defence Forces' treatment of area Army under fire from Glen of Imaal residents | date = 27 September 2002 }}
22. ^{{cite web|url = https://www.wmr.ie/about-us/ | publisher = Glen Of Imaal, Wicklow Mountain Rescue | website = wmr.ie | title = About Us | accessdate = 24 March 2019 }}
23. ^{{cite web|url = https://www.redcross.ie/national-news/mountain-rescue-team-responded-to-80-call-outs-in-wicklow-mountains-last-year/ | publisher = Red Cross Ireland | website = redcross.ie | title = Mountain Rescue Team Responded to 80 Call Outs in Wicklow | accessdate = 24 March 2019 | date = 2018 }}
{{Irish Army & Army Reserve}}{{coord|53|0|32|N|6|27|55|W|source:nlwiki_region:IE_scale:400000_type:landmark|display=title}}

1 : Valleys of County Wicklow
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