| 词条 | Glutamine oxoglutarate aminotransferase |
| 释义 |
Glutamine oxoglutarate aminotransferase (also known as Glutamate synthase) is an enzyme and frequently abbreviated as GOGAT. This enzyme manufactures glutamate from glutamine and α-ketoglutarate, and thus along with glutamine synthetase (abbreviated GS) plays a central role in the regulation of nitrogen assimilation in photosynthetic eukaryotes and prokaryotes.[1][2] This is of great importance as primary productivity in many marine environments is regulated by the availability of inorganic nitrogen. The primary sources of inorganic nitrogen used by marine algae are nitrate and ammonium. Both forms are ultimately incorporated into amino acids through the sequential reaction of glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamate synthase (glutamine:2-oxyoglutarate aminotransferase; GOGAT). GOGAT isoenzymes catalyze the transfer of the amido nitrogen of glutamine to 2-oxoglutarate using pyridine nucleotides (NADH-/NADPH-dependent) or ferredoxin (ferredoxin dependant) as reductants.[1] They are called NADH-GOGAT and Fd-GOGAT respectively. In photosynthetic eukaryotes, GS and GOGAT isoenzymes are localized in the cytosol and chloroplast. Fd-GOGAT is found strictly in cyanobacteria and photosynthetic eukaryotes, and the gene is located in the chloroplast of rhodophytes and in the nucleus of vascular plants, but in both cases its product is active in the chloroplast. NADH-GOGAT is found in the nucleus of vascular plants, fungi, and diatoms, while NADPH-GOGAT is found in non-photosynthetic bacteria and archaea.[1] References1. ^1 2 "Phylogenetic Relationships Among Glutamate Synthase (GOGAT) Enzymes" Eva Zadykowicz and Deborah L. Robertson; Department of Biology, Clark University, Worcester, MA {{DEFAULTSORT:Glutamine Oxoglutarate Aminotransferase}}2. ^"Practical Streptomyces Genetics" Keiser et al; John Innes Foundation, Norwich, England 1 : Enzymes |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。