| 词条 | G. M. B. Dobson |
| 释义 |
| name = George Dobson | birth_name = George Miller Bourne Dobson | image = | image_size = | alt = | caption = | birth_date = {{birth date|1889|2|25|df=y}} | birth_place = | death_date = {{death date and age|1975|3|11|1889|2|25|df=y}} | death_place = | death_cause = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | other_names = | residence = | citizenship = | nationality = | fields = | workplaces = University of Oxford | patrons = | education = | alma_mater = University of Cambridge | thesis_title = | thesis_url = | thesis_year = | doctoral_advisor = | academic_advisors = | doctoral_students = | notable_students = | known_for = Dobson ozone spectrophotometer | influences = | influenced = | awards = FRS (1927) | spouse = | partner = | children = | signature = | signature_alt = | website = | footnotes = }}Gordon Miller Bourne Dobson FRS[1] (25 February 1889 – 11 March 1975) was a British physicist and meteorologist who did important work on ozone.[1][2] EducationHe was educated at Sedbergh School and Caius College, Cambridge where he graduated with an Ordinary MA (Cantab and Oxon). He was later awarded DSc (Oxon).[3] Research and careerHe was appointed University Lecturer in Meteorology, Oxford. By studying meteorites he noticed that the temperature profile of the tropopause was not constant, as had previously been believed (hence the name stratosphere). In fact there was, he showed, a region where the temperature sharply rose. This, he proposed, was happening because UV radiation was heating ozone in what has become known as the ozone layer. He noted the connection between sunspots and weather, and measured the ultraviolet levels of our star.[4] He built the first Dobson ozone spectrophotometers and studied the results over many years. The Dobson unit, a unit of measurement of vertically integrated atmospheric ozone density, is named after him. The Brewer-Dobson circulation is a semi-eponymous model of atmospheric currents that explains the distribution of ozone by latitude. Awards and honoursDobson was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1927,[5] awarded their Rumford Medal in 1932 and delivered their Bakerian lecture in 1945.[6] He served as president of the Royal Meteorological Society from 1947 to 1949 [7] and was awarded their prestigious Symons Gold Medal for 1938. He was made CBE in 1951. References1. ^{{cite journal| journal = Applied Optics| volume= 7| issue = 3 | pages = 387–405| year= 1968| url = http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ozwv/dobson/papers/Applied_Optics_v7_1968.pdf| title = 40 Years Research on Atmospheric Ozone at Oxford - A History| author = Dobson G. M. B.| doi = 10.1364/AO.7.000387| pmid = 20068600|bibcode = 1968ApOpt...7..387D }} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Dobson, Gordon Miller Bourne}}2. ^{{cite journal| journal = Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society| volume= 99| issue = 422| pages = 599–607| year= 1973| doi = 10.1256/smsqj.42201| title = The laminated structure of the ozone in the atmosphere| author = Dobson G. M. B.}} 3. ^G.M.B.Dobson {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060718175632/http://www.atm.ox.ac.uk/user/barnett/ozoneconference/dobson.htm |date=2006-07-18 }} 4. ^http://rspa.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/104/725/252.full.pdf 5. ^1 {{cite journal|last1=Houghton|first1=John T.|authorlink1=John T. Houghton|last2=Walshaw|first2=C. D.|title=Gordon Miller Bourne Dobson. 25 February 1889 -- 11 March 1976|journal=Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society|volume=23|year=1977|pages=40–57|issn=0080-4606|doi=10.1098/rsbm.1977.0003}} 6. ^{{cite web | url= http://www2.royalsociety.org/DServe/dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqCmd=Show.tcl&dsqDb=Persons&dsqPos=1&dsqSearch=%28Surname%3D%27dobson%27%29| title = Library and Archive Catalogue| publisher= Royal Society|accessdate= 20 December 2010}} {{dead link|date=December 2015}} 7. ^{{cite web | url= http://www.rmets.org/about/history/presidents.php| title= Presidents of the Society|publisher= Royal Meteorological Society|accessdate = 20 December 2010}} 7 : 1889 births|1976 deaths|English meteorologists|English physicists|Fellows of the Royal Society|Presidents of the Royal Meteorological Society|Commanders of the Order of the British Empire |
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