| 词条 | Gnome-Rhône Mistral Major | ||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Gnome-Rhône 14K Mistral Major was a 14-cylinder, two-row, air-cooled radial engine. It was Gnome-Rhône's major aircraft engine prior to World War II, and matured into a highly sought-after design that would see licensed production throughout Europe and Japan. Thousands of Mistral Major engines were produced, used on a wide variety of aircraft. Design and developmentIn 1921 Gnome-Rhône purchased a license for the highly successful Bristol Jupiter engine and produced it until about 1930, alongside the smaller Bristol Titan. Starting in 1926, however, they used the basic design of the Titan to produce a family of new engines, the so-called "K series". These started with the 5K Titan, followed by the 7K Titan Major and 9K Mistral. By 1930, 6,000 of these engines had been delivered. However, the aircraft industry at that time was rapidly evolving and producing much larger aircraft that demanded larger engines to power them. Gnome-Rhône responded by developing the 7K into a two-row version that became the 14K Mistral Major. The first test examples were running in 1929. As the Jupiter had set the pattern for one-row radials in the 1920s, the Mistral Major became a canonical design for twin-row radials of the 1930s. It was widely licensed and formed the basis for many successful designs. Among the licensees were Industria Aeronautică Română in Romania, Manfred Weiss in Hungary, Alvis of the UK, Tumansky in the USSR, Walter of Czechoslovakia, and Isotta Fraschini and Piaggio in Italy. Nakajima in Japan also licensed it, but did not put it into production, developing their own designs based on features taken from the Mistral and other designs. Variants
Applications
Aircraft powered by G-R 14K derivatives
Specifications (Gnome-Rhône 14Kd){{pistonspecs||ref=[1][2] |type=Fourteen-cylinder two-row air-cooled radial engine |bore={{convert|146|mm|in|abbr=on|3}} |stroke={{convert|165|mm|in|abbr=on|3}} |displacement={{convert|38.673|l|cuin|abbr=on}} |length=Kds - {{convert|1317|mm|in|abbr=on|2}} Kdr - 0.5 reduction gear - {{convert|1528|mm|in|abbr=on|2}} Kdr - 0.666· reduction gear - {{convert|1530|mm|in|abbr=on|2}} Kdrs - 0.5 reduction gear - {{convert|1554|mm|in|abbr=on|2}} Kdrs - 0.666· reduction gear - {{convert|1556|mm|in|abbr=on|2}} |diameter={{convert|1288|mm|in|abbr=on|2}} |width= |height= |weight=Kdr 0.5 reduction gear - {{convert|503|kg|lb|abbr=on}} Kdr 0.666· reduction gear - {{convert|508|kg|lb|abbr=on}} Kdrs 0.5 reduction gear - {{convert|523|kg|lb|abbr=on}} Kdrs 0.666· reduction gear - {{convert|528|kg|lb|abbr=on}} Kds {{convert|502|kg|lb|abbr=on}} |valvetrain=Two Overhead valves per cylinder operated by pushrods |supercharger=(Kds / Kdrs - Single-speed centrifugal type supercharger) |turbocharger= |fuelsystem=Stromberg carburetor |fueltype=87 octane rating gasoline |oilsystem= |coolingsystem=Air-cooled |power=Kdr - {{convert|800|hp|kW|abbr=on|disp=flip}} at sea level Kdrs - {{convert|780|hp|kW|abbr=on|disp=flip}} at {{convert|1500|m|ft|abbr=on}} at 2,400 rpm Kdrs - {{convert|680|hp|kW|abbr=on|disp=flip}} at {{convert|4000|m|ft|abbr=on}} at 2,400 rpm Kds - {{convert|750|hp|kW|abbr=on|disp=flip}} at {{convert|1500|m|ft|abbr=on}} at 2,300 rpm Kds - {{convert|650|hp|kW|abbr=on|disp=flip}} at {{convert|4000|m|ft|abbr=on}} at 2,300 rpm |specpower=Kdr 15.5 kW/l (0.34 hp/in³) |compression=5.5:1 |fuelcon= |specfuelcon=328 g/(kW•h) (0.54 lb/(hp•h)) |oilcon=20 g/(kW•h) (0.53 oz/(hp•h)) |power/weight=1.52 kW/kg (0.92 hp/lb) |reduction_gear=Direct drive, 0.5:1 or 0.666·:1 }} See also{{aircontent|see also= |related=
|similar aircraft= |lists=
|similar engines= }} References1. ^{{cite book|last=Tsygulev|title=Aviacionnye motory voennykh vozdushnykh sil inostrannykh gosudarstv (Авиационные моторы военных воздушных сил иностранных государств)|language=Russian|publisher=Gosudarstvennoe voennoe izdatelstvo Narkomata Oborony Soyuza SSR|location=Moscow|year=1939|url=http://base13.glasnet.ru/text/aviamotory/t.htm|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090324160448/http://base13.glasnet.ru/text/aviamotory/t.htm|archivedate=2009-03-24|df=}} {{refbegin}}2. ^{{cite book|title=Moteurs Gnome-Rhône series K|publisher=Société Des Moteurs Gnome-Rhône |location=Paris|url=http://dev.museesafran.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/1350046796-livres-espace-patrimoine-saf2012_0048366.pdf|accessdate=3 October 2014|language=Spanish}}
4 : Radial engines|Aircraft piston engines 1920–1929|Gnome-Rhône aircraft engines|Tumansky aircraft engines |
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