| 词条 | Gobi bear |
| 释义 |
| image = Ursus arctos gobiensis.jpg | status = CR | status_system = IUCN3.1 | genus = Ursus | species = arctos | species_link = Brown bear | subspecies = gobiensis | authority = Sokolov & Orlov, 1992 }} The Gobi bear, Ursus arctos gobiensis (known in Mongolian as the {{lang|mn|mazaalai}}/{{lang|mn|Мазаалай}}), is a subspecies of the brown bear, Ursus arctos, that is found in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia. It is listed as critically endangered by Mongolian Redbook of Endangered Species and by the Zoological Society of London.[1] The population included only around 30 adults in 2009[2] and is separated by enough distance from other brown bear populations to achieve reproductive isolation.[3] Behaviour and ecologyGobi bears mainly eat roots, berries, and other plants, sometimes rodents; there is no evidence that they prey on large mammals. Small compared to other brown bear subspecies, adult males weigh about {{convert|96.0|–|138.0|kg|lbs|abbr=on}} and females about {{convert|51.0|–|78.0|kg|lbs|abbr=on}}.[3] Genetic diversityGobi bears have very little genetic diversity, among the lowest ever observed in any species of brown bear. Levels of genetic diversity similar to the Gobi bears have been reported only in a small population of brown bears in the Pyrenees Mountains on the border of Spain and France. ResearchBased on morphology, the Gobi brown bear has sometimes historically been classified as being of the same subspecies as the Tibetan blue bear. However, recent phylogenetic analysis has shown the Gobi bear to instead represent a relict population of the Himalayan brown bear.[4] There are only 22 Gobi bears left in the wild.[1] See also
References1. ^1 {{cite news|title=Chimpanzees among 33 breeds selected for special protection|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-41791842|accessdate=30 October 2017|publisher=BBC|date=28 October 2017}} 2. ^http://www.bearbiology.com/fileadmin/tpl/Downloads/URSUS/Vol_26_2/i1537-6176-26-2-129.pdf 3. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.bearbiology.com/fileadmin/tpl/Downloads/Grants/Final_Reports/REYNOLDS_2010_Gobi_Bear_Progress_Report_2005-May_2010.pdf |title=GOBI BEAR CONSERVATION IN MONGOLIA |accessdate=2016-03-19}} 4. ^{{cite journal |author1=Lan T. |author2=Gill S. |author3=Bellemain E. |author4=Bischof R. |author5=Zawaz M. A. |author6=Lindqvist C. |year=2017 |title=Evolutionary history of enigmatic bears in the Tibetan Plateau–Himalaya region and the identity of the yeti |url=http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/284/1868/20171804 |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |volume=284 |issue= |page=20171804 |doi=10.1098/rspb.2017.1804}}
Further reading
| name = Arctos | title = Extant brown bear subspecies | aboveclass = hlist | listclass = hlist | state = {{{state|}}} | above =
| list1 =
}} 8 : Mammal species templates|Mammals described in 1992|Bears|Carnivorans of Asia|Critically endangered fauna of Asia|Endemic fauna of Mongolia|Gobi Desert|Mammals of Mongolia |
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