| 词条 | God bless you |
| 释义 |
The phrase has been used in the Hebrew Bible by Jews (cf. {{Bibleverse|Numbers|6:24|KJV}}), and by Christians, since the time of the early Church as a benediction, as well as a means of bidding a person Godspeed.[4][5] Many clergy, when blessing their congregants individually or as a group, use the phrase "God bless you".[6] Origins and legendsNational Geographic reports that during the plague of AD 590, "Pope Gregory I ordered unceasing prayer for divine intercession. Part of his command was that anyone sneezing be blessed immediately ("God bless you"), since sneezing was often the first sign that someone was falling ill with the plague."[7] By AD 750, it became customary to say "God bless you" as a response to one sneezing.[8]The practice of blessing someone who sneezes dates as far back as at least AD 77, although it is far older than most specific explanations can account for.[11] Some have offered an explanation suggesting that people once held the folk belief that a person's soul could be thrown from their body when they sneezed,[9] that sneezing otherwise opened the body to invasion by the Devil or evil spirits,[10][14] or that sneezing was the body's effort to force out an invading evil presence.[9] In these cases, "God bless you" or "bless you" is used as a sort of shield against evil.[11] The Irish Folk story "Master and Man" by Thomas Crofton Croker, collected by William Butler Yeats, describes this variation.[12] Moreover, in the past some people may have thought that the heart stops beating during a sneeze, and that the phrase "God bless you" encourages the heart to continue beating.[9][10][13] In some cultures, sneezing is seen as a sign of good fortune or God's beneficence.[9][14] As such, alternative responses to sneezing are the French phrase à vos souhaits (meaning "to your wishes"), the German word Gesundheit (meaning "health") sometimes adopted by English speakers, the Irish word sláinte (meaning "good health"), the Italian salute (also meaning "health"), the Spanish salud (also meaning "health"), the Hebrew laBri'ut (colloquial) or liVriut (classic) (both spelled: "לבריאות") (meaning "to health"), the Arabic saha (spelled "صحة", also meaning "health"). In Islam the Prophet Mohamad instructed Muslims who sneezes to say "الحمد لله" meaning “Thanks to Allah”, and who ever hears them say that, should reply "يرحمكم الله" meaning “may Allah have mercy on you“, and the person who sneezed should reply "يهديك الله ويصلح بالك" meaning “May Allah Guide you to the right path and calm your mind”, and for repeated sneezes, they keep replying the same reply for a maximum of three times, by then the reply is changed to "عافاك الله" meaning “May Allah heal you“ and the replies stop. This act in Islam is called "تشميت العاطس". In Persian culture, sneezing sometimes is called "sabr =صبر," meaning "to wait or be patient." And when trying to do something or go somewhere and suddenly sneezing, one should stop or sit for a few minutes and then restart. By this act the "bad thing" passes and one will be saved. In Greek culture, sneezing was widely recognized as a divine omen. In Book 17 of Homer’s Odyssey, Penelope speaks to Eumaeus in private about the suitors feasting in the halls of the king's palace, and how surely Odysseus will return and kill them. Suddenly her son Telemachus sneezes and Penelope laughed. A sneeze meant the intercession of the gods to make her statement come true. It was a blessing from the gods, connecting the sneeze to the "God Bless You." References1. ^{{cite book|last=Alhujelan|first=Naser S.|title=Worldviews of the Peoples of the Arabian Peninsula: A Study of Cultural System|year=2008|publisher=ProQuest|isbn=9780549703549|page=369|quote=The expression "May God bless you" includes blessing, meaning growth, happiness, and many other good things. It is often said by family and loved ones as a kind of prayer.}} 2. ^1 2 {{cite book|last1=Jucker|first1=Andreas H.|last2=Taavitsainen|first2=Irma|title=Speech Acts in the History of English|date=10 April 2008|publisher=John Benjamins Publishing Company|isbn=9789027291417|page=171|quote=God bless you has been attested as a leave-taking term since 1740 and can be today heard in the US as an explicit wish or blessing and as an implicit leave-taking term. Some also use the reduced variant of God bless.}} 3. ^{{cite book|last=Lewis|first=Roger|title=The Life and Death of Peter Sellers|year=1997|publisher=Applause|isbn=9781557832481|page=415|quote=The letter ends with the solemn valediction 'God bless you .'}} 4. ^{{cite book|last=Everett|first=Isaac|title=The Emergent Psalter|date=1 May 2009|publisher=Church Publishing, Inc.|isbn=9780898696172|page=132|quote=The beginning of this psalm echoes the priestly benediction from Numbers 6: May God bless you and keep you.}} 5. ^{{cite book|last=Wachspress|first=Amy|title=Memories from Cherry Harvest|date=8 June 2012|publisher=Counterpoint LLC|isbn=9781593764890|page=91|quote=reciting the ancient Jewish benediction a parent gives to a child: "May God bless you and keep you and may God's countenance shine upon you and bring you peace."}} 6. ^{{cite book|last1=Driscoll|first1=Rev. Michael S.|last2=Hilgartner|first2=Rev. Msgr. Richard B.|last3=Kelly|first3=Maureen A. |author4=John Thomas Lane |author5=James Presta |author6=Corinna Laughlin |author7=Jim Schellman |author8=D. Todd Williamson |author9=Paul Turner |author10=Catherine Combier-Donovan |author11=Diana Macalintal |author12=Sr. Genevieve|title=The Liturgy Documents, Volume Two: Essential Documents for Parish Sacramental Rites and Other Liturgies|year=2012|publisher=Liturgy Training Publications|isbn=9781616710279|page=439|url=https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Liturgy_Documents.html?id=7jFLDdixZ9IC&printsec=frontcover&source=kp_read_button#v=onepage&q=while%20clergy%20may%20close%20with%20a%20true%20blessing%20&f=false|quote=Thus, in the Book of Blessings, as in the Divine Office, while clergy may close with a true blessing ("May almighty God bless you."), laypersons can only request God's blessing ("May the Lord bless us.")}} 7. ^{{cite book|last1=Patrick|first1=Bethanne Kelly|last2=Thompson|first2=John Milliken|title=An Uncommon History of Common Things|year=2009|publisher=National Geographic|isbn=9781426204203|page=74|quote=In Rome during the plague of 590, Pope Gregory I ordered unceasing prayer for divine intercession. Part of his command was that anyone sneezing be blessed immediately ("God bless you"), since sneezing was often the first sign that someone was falling ill with the plague. Although the populace did not understand that the sneeze was the source of transmittal, they may have sensed it was connected to the disease. "God bless you" became a verbal totem invoking divine mercy on the sneezer.}} 8. ^{{cite book|last=Whiting|first=Bartl Jere|title=Early American Proverbs and Proverbial Phrases|year=1977|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=9780674219816|page=178|quote=The year 750, is commonly reckoned the era of the custom of saying "God bless you," to one who happens to sneeze, etc.}} 9. ^1 2 3 4 Snopes Urban Legends - Bless You! 10. ^1 Ed Zotti, Editor. Why Do We Say "God Bless You" After a Sneeze?, Straight Dope, 27 September 2001. 11. ^{{cite journal|last1=Stollznow|first1=Karen|authorlink=Karen Stollznow|date = 2014|title="God Bless You!" – A Blessing in Disguise?|journal=Skeptic Magazine|volume=19|issue=4|url=http://karenstollznow.com/blessing-in-disguise/|accessdate=21 August 2015}} 12. ^Gutenberg.org, Project Gutenberg story by T. Crofton Croker, 1898. 13. ^1 Madsci.org, Mad Scientist posting by Tom Wilson, M.D./PhD, Pathology, Div. of Molecular Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine 14. ^Re: Why does plucking my eyebrows make me sneeze?, MadSci Network posting by Robert West, Post-doc/Fellow, 1997-08-05
3 : English phrases|Parting phrases|Parting traditions |
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