| 词条 | Gough finch |
| 释义 |
| image = Gough Bunting Male.JPG | image_caption = Male on Gough Island | status = CR | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | genus = Rowettia | parent_authority = Lowe, 1923 | species = goughensis | authority = (Clarke, 1904) | synonyms = * Nesospiza jessiae }} The Gough finch (Rowettia goughensis), or Gough bunting, is a critically endangered species of songbird. Taxonomy and systematicsTraditionally considered a bunting and placed in the family Emberizidae, it is actually neither a bunting nor a true finch, but belongs to a group of finch-like birds or tanager-finches in the family Thraupidae. In particular it shares some plumage characteristics with the South American genus Melanodera[2] which may be its nearest mainland relative.[3] Another species of finch was described from Gough Island, Nesospiza jessiae, in 1904. This species was later identified as juveniles of the Gough finch.[4] DescriptionThe Gough finch is {{convert|22|to(-)|26|cm|in|abbr=on}} in length and weighs {{convert|50|-|56|g|abbr=on}}.[5] Distribution and habitatIt is endemic to the remote Gough Island, part of the British overseas territory of Saint Helena, and nearby stacks, in the South Atlantic. Its natural habitats are temperate shrubland and subantarctic grassland. Status and conservationIt was formerly classified as a Vulnerable species by the IUCN.[6] But new research has shown that its population has collapsed and it is on the verge of extinction due to the introduced population of house mice (Mus musculus), noted for its unusual aggressiveness,[7] competing with the birds for food and eating their eggs and nestlings. Consequently, it was uplisted to Critically Endangered in 2008.[8] Footnotes1. ^{{IUCN|id=22723149 |title=Rowettia goughensis |assessor=BirdLife International |assessor-link=BirdLife International |version=2013.2 |year=2012 |accessdate=26 November 2013}} 2. ^See Ridgely, R. S., & G. Tudor. 1989. The Birds of South America, vol. 1. P.448 3. ^Rand (1955) & Vuilleumier (1991) 4. ^{{cite journal|last1=Lowe|first1=P. R.|title=Notes on some Land Birds of the Tristan da Cunha Group collected by the ‘Quest’ Expedition|journal=Ibis|date=1923|volume=65|issue=3|pages=511–528|doi=10.1111/j.1474-919X.1923.tb08110.x}} 5. ^Ryan, P. & Sharpe, C.J. (2017). Gough Finch (Rowettia goughensis). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from http://www.hbw.com/node/62039 on 28 March 2017). 6. ^BLI (2004) 7. ^Wanless et al. (2007) 8. ^BLI (2008) References
External links
6 : Thraupidae|Fauna of Gough Island|Birds described in 1904|Monotypic bird genera|Taxonomy articles created by Polbot|Tanagers |
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