| 词条 | Gracefield Branch |
| 释义 |
|logo = |name = Gracefield Branch |image = Gracefield Branch 01.JPG |image_width = |caption = The start of the Gracefield Branch, curving off to the left, just south of Woburn station. The double track curving right is the Wairarapa Line. |type = Industrial siding |system = |status = Open to Hutt Workshops (freight only), remainder mothballed |locale = {{flag|NZL|name=Wellington, New Zealand}} |start = Woburn |end = Hutt Workshops |stations = 1 |routes = |daily_ridership = |open = 1 April 1929 |close = |owner = ONTRACK |operator = KiwiRail |character = Industrial |stock = |linelength_km = 1.6 |tracklength = |tracks = 1 |gauge = {{track gauge|3ft6in}} |electrification = {{start date|df=y|1953|09|14}}–1966 (Woburn–Hutt Park) 1966–1982 (Woburn–Gracefield) |speed = |elevation = |map_state = collapsed |map = {{BS-map|inline=1|map={{BS3|||LSTR||Wairarapa Line}}{{BS3|||BHF|0.00|Woburn Station}}{{BS3|||SBRÜCKE||Whites Line}}{{BS3||LSTRq|ABZgr||Wairarapa Line}}{{BS5||||xABZgl|STR+r|||Workshops entrance (rail)}}{{BS5||||exSBRÜCKE|SBRÜCKE|||York St - Awamutu Gr}}{{BS5||||exSTR|STR|||}}{{BS5||||exBUE|STR|||{{nowrap|Elizabeth St workshops entrance (road)}}}}{{BS5||||exSTR|STR|||}}{{BS5||||exHST|ENDExe|1.62|Hutt Park Station}}{{BS5||||exABZg+l|exSTRr}}{{BS3|||exhKRZWae||Waiwhetu Stream}}{{BS3|||exBUE||Parkside Road}}{{BS5||||exABZg+l|exKDSTeq|||Ministry of Works siding}}{{BS3|||exBUE||Hutt Park Road}}{{BS3|||exDST|2.57||Gracefield Freight Terminal}}{{BS3|exKDSTaq|exABZq+l|exABZg+r|||Gibraltor Board siding}}{{BS3||exKDSTe|exSTR|||Ford Motors siding}}{{BS3||exSTR+l|exABZgr|||}}{{BS3||exKDSTe|exSTR|||Mobil Oil siding}}{{BS3|exKDSTaq|exABZq+l|exABZgr|||Caltex Oil siding}}{{BS3||exKDSTe|exSTR|||Goods shed}}{{BS5||||exABZgl|exSTR+r|||}}{{BS5||||exSTR|exKDSTe|||Europa Oil siding}}{{BS3|||exBUE||Seaview Road}}{{BS3|exKDSTa||exSTR|||Oil siding}}{{BS3|exDST||exSTR|||Government Stores}}{{BS3|exBUE||exSTR||Barnes Street}}{{BS3|exDST||exSTR|||Pacific Scrap siding}}{{BS3|exSTR|exKDSTa|exSTR|3.23||Shell Oil siding}}{{BS3|exABZl+l|exABZql+l|exABZgr|||}}{{BS5||exSTR|exKDSTe|exABZgl|exKDSTeq|||Oil sidings}}{{BS3|exSTR||exKDSTe|||Oil siding}}{{BS3|exKDSTe|||||James Wattie siding}} }} }} The Gracefield Branch is a 1.6 km long, {{track gauge|3ft6in}} gauge industrial line from its junction with the Wairarapa Line at Woburn in the Wellington region of New Zealand's North Island to its terminus at the southern end of the Hutt Workshops yard. The line formerly included an additional kilometre of track to Gracefield Freight Terminal, where it connected to a network of industrial sidings in nearby Seaview. Currently its only function is to provide access to the Hutt Workshops.[1] The line has been known by several names, including Hutt Park Line (1937), Hutt Industrial Line (1937), Gracefield Branch (1986), Gracefield Industrial Line (2001) and Gracefield Industrial Siding (2006).[2] Its 1937 name led to confusion with the earlier Hutt Park Railway. HistoryPlanning for the Gracefield Branch was included in surveys done for the Hutt Valley Branch line in 1924 and 1925. The line was intended to serve an area of 80 acres (32 ha) that had been purchased for the establishment of new railway workshops to replace those at Petone and an area at Gracefield intended for industrial development.[3] The line opened on 1 April 1929{{sfn|Churchman & Hurst|2001|p=154}} and originally had one station, the terminus at Hutt Park. In 1943 the line was extended into Gracefield and a new terminus established there. Following land reclamation in the 1950s & 1960s, an extensive network of sidings were built at Seaview to serve industrial interests, including the Ford Motor Vehicle Assembly Plant; oil terminals for BP, Caltex, Europa and Shell; Pacific Scrap; and the Ministry of Works.[4] Electrification of the Woburn – Hutt Park section commenced in 1953 using the 1.5 kV DC overhead line system, coinciding with the electrification of the Wairarapa Line between Wellington and Taita. The catenary was extended slightly in 1959/1960 to allow for EMUs running race trains to Hutt Park to use a workshops siding. A further extension of the catenary was opened in 1966 for goods trains to Gracefield Freight Terminal. Though there were no electric trains running on the branch from 1983 following the cessation of the workers' trains to the workshops, and the catenary and related electrification infrastructure were removed in 1990.[5][6] In 1972 a new Freight Depot was opened at Gracefield to relieve pressure on Lower Hutt Station (now Western Hutt) for small consignments.[7] In 1981 the goods facilities at Lower Hutt Station were closed and the local goods shunts to Lower Hutt ceased. Goods handling was transferred to a new facility at Gracefield.[8] Gracefield Yard was closed on 30 April 2002. The industrial sidings at Seaview were lifted at about this time. Track between the Hutt Workshops and Gracefield has not been used since Gracefield Freight Terminal was closed, and is now mothballed.[1] Operations{{details|topic=race trains|Hutt Park Railway Station, Gracefield}}From the time the line opened to the 1940s, steam trains were used to convey patrons to race meetings and picnics at the Hutt Park Raceway via Woburn. The race trains that had previously run to Hutt Park on the Hutt Park Railway had ceased operation in 1905. Race trains briefly resumed in the 1960s using DM/D class electric multiple units. These trains initially operated from both Upper Hutt and Wellington to Hutt Park, with the Wellington trains needing to reverse on to the branch at Woburn. Declining patronage led to the service being later reduced to Wellington – Hutt Park only, being withdrawn completely in 1965. A twice-daily workers' train between Wellington and the Hutt Workshops conveyed railwaymen to and from work from the 1930s to December 1982, and was the last regular passenger service run on the line. These trains were locomotive-hauled, latterly usually by EW class electrics. The withdrawal of this service marked the end of electric train operations on the branch.[9] Though the motivation for extending the catenary in 1966 to the freight terminal was to allow for electric-hauled freight trains, such services seem to have been infrequent and even quite rare.[10] Prior to the closure of the Gracefield yard, there was a regular shunting service (Q2) from the Gracefield Freight Terminal.[11] The only regular traffic that currently uses the line is the Hutt Workshops shunt (Q4) which normally operates thrice weekly, with occasional special services.[12] References1. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.valleysignals.org.nz/woburn/woburngracefield.html |title=Woburn & Gracefield |accessdate=2008-11-08 |author= |last=Castle |first=David |date=2007-09-18 |publisher=Hutt Valley Signals |location=Wellington |quote=On 30 April 2002 the Gracefield Yard was closed and since then the yard and the Seaview sidings have been lifted. The branch is now a glorified siding, serving the Hutt Workshops. }} 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.valleysignals.org.nz/woburn/woburngracefield.html |title=Woburn & Gracefield |accessdate=2008-11-08 |last=Castle |first=David |date=2007-09-18 |publisher=Hutt Valley Signals |location=Wellington |quote=The line to Gracefield has had at least five names - Hutt Park Line, Hutt Industrial Line (both in the 1937 WTT), Gracefield Branch (1986), Gracefield Industrial Line (2001) and Gracefield Industrial Siding (2006). }} 3. ^{{cite book |last=Cameron |first=Walter Norman |title=A Line Of Railway: The Railway Conquest of the Rimutakas |year=1976 |publisher=New Zealand Railway and Locomotive Society |location=Wellington |isbn=0-908573-00-6}} 4. ^{{cite book |last=Hoy |first=D.G. |title=Rails Out Of The Capital: Suburban Railways, Wellington |year=1970 |publisher=The New Zealand Railway and Locomotive Society |location=Wellington |pages=114–115 |chapter=Appendix D: Diagrams}} 5. ^{{cite book |last=Churchman |first=Geoffrey B. |title=Railway Electrification in Australia and New Zealand |year=1995 |publisher=IPL Books |location=Wellington |isbn=0-908876-79-3 |pages=34 |chapter=Wellington – Upper Hutt 1955 |quote=Also electrified in 1953 was the Gracefield Industrial Branch from Woburn as far as a platform for the Hutt Park racecourse (1.6km) to which the EMU services were run on race days. ... The overhead on the branch was unused from 1983, but it was not dismantled until 1990.}} 6. ^{{cite book |last=Bromby |first=Robin |title=Rails That Built A Nation: An Encyclopedia of New Zealand Railways |year=2003 |publisher=Grantham House Publishing |location=Wellington |isbn=1-86934-080-9 |page=70 |chapter=Branch Lines – North Island |quote=The 1.6 km section of line from Woburn to Hutt Park station was electrified in 1953, with the electrification extended to Gracefield in 1964.}} 7. ^{{cite book |last=Bromby |first=Robin |title=Rails That Built A Nation: An Encyclopedia of New Zealand Railways |page=70 |chapter=Branch Lines – North Island |quote=In late 1972, a new Gracefield depot was opened to handle small lots and parcels, relieving the pressure on Lower Hutt station. The new depot was able to handle 20 wagons at a time.}} 8. ^{{cite book |last1=Bromby |first1=Robin |title=Rails That Built A Nation: An Encyclopedia of New Zealand Railways |year=2003 |publisher=Grantham House Publishing |location=Wellington |isbn=1-86934-080-9 |page=74 |chapter=Branch Lines – North Island}} 9. ^{{cite book |last=Churchman |first=Geoffrey B. |title=Railway Electrification in Australia and New Zealand |page=34 |chapter=Wellington – Upper Hutt 1955 |quote=Electric locomotives did haul workshop staff trains until December 1982, when they ceased.}} 10. ^{{cite book |last=Churchman |first=Geoffrey B. |title=Railway Electrification in Australia and New Zealand |page=34 |chapter=Wellington – Upper Hutt 1955 |quote=In 1966 the wires were extended as far as the freight terminal (3km from the junction). This was to enable goods trains to and from Wellington to be worked the whole way by electrics, rather than have a diesel take over the train for the Woburn – Gracefield section, although such goods workings were rare if they ever took place at all.}} 11. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.valleysignals.org.nz/gracefield/q4.html |title=Q2 Gracefield Shunt |accessdate=2008-10-10 |last=Castle |first=David |date=2005-12-30 |work=Hutt Valley Signals}} 12. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.valleysignals.org.nz/gracefield/redrepairs.html |title=Repaired Red Car Leaves Hutt |accessdate=2008-10-10 |last=Castle |first=David |date=2005-12-30 |work=Hutt Valley Signals}} Further reading{{refbegin}}
External links
4 : Railway lines in New Zealand|Rail transport in Wellington|3 ft 6 in gauge railways in New Zealand|Railway lines opened in 1929 |
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