| 词条 | Graeme Campbell (politician) |
| 释义 |
| honorific-prefix = | name = Graeme Campbell | honorific-suffix = | image = | constituency_MP = Kalgoorlie | parliament = Australian | majority = | predecessor = Mick Cotter | successor = Barry Haase | term_start = 18 October 1980 | term_end = 3 October 1998 | birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1939|8|13}} | birth_place = Oxfordshire, England | death_date = | death_place = | nationality = English Australian | spouse = Michele (née Lelievre) | party = Labor (1980–95) Independent (1995–96, 2004-present) Australia First (1996–2001) One Nation (2001-2004) | relations = | children = | residence = | alma_mater = | occupation = Various | profession = | religion = | signature = | website = | footnotes = }}Graeme Campbell (born 13 August 1939) is an Australian politician. He represented the vast seat of Kalgoorlie in the Australian House of Representatives from 1980 to 1998.[1] He was born in Abingdon, Oxfordshire, England,[1] came to Australia as a child and was educated at Urrbrae Agricultural High School in South Australia. Campbell is married to Michele (née Lelievre), a French woman who met him first in 1972 on a sheep station in the Nullabor.[2] Political careerCampbell worked in a range of occupations before entering federal parliament in October 1980 as the Labor member for Kalgoorlie. Considered a maverick, he was an ardent supporter of the mining industry,[3] and crossed the floor on gold tax in 1988,[4] and was also a vocal critic of the Mabo decision[5] and sanctions on the apartheid regime in South Africa, and a proponent of uranium mining. In October 1993, and again in May 1995, he delivered a speech at the national seminar of the Australian League of Rights, a far-right group for which he was believed to hold sympathies,[6] and in by-elections in Mackellar and Warringah (safe Liberal seats on the Northern Beaches of Sydney) in 1994, he urged electors to vote for Australians Against Further Immigration (AAFI).[7] After numerous run-ins with the Labor leadership and considerable media attention to his exploits, he was finally expelled from the party on 30 November 1995[8] after addressing an AAFI meeting where he criticised Labor's immigration policies. He continued to sit in parliament as an independent, and was reelected as an independent in the 1996 election,[9] when he only received 35% of the primary vote, but defeated the Labor candidate, former Deputy Premier of Western Australia Ian Taylor, on Liberal preferences. In June 1996, Campbell founded the Australia First Party,[10] but was officially reckoned as an independent. He was defeated for reelection at the 1998 federal election[9] after being eliminated on the seventh count.[11] Campbell blamed his loss on Australia First being eclipsed by One Nation. In 2009, he claimed that, if not for the presence of a One Nation candidate, he would have picked up an additional 8.5% of the vote, which would have been enough to keep him in the race.[12] He remained Australia First's leader until June 2001, when he left the party to stand (unsuccessfully) as a One Nation Senate candidate in Western Australia. In 2004, he attempted unsuccessfully to regain his old federal seat as an independent.[9] He stood for the Senate in Western Australia at the 2007 federal election as an independent, but only achieved 0.13% of the vote.[13] References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://parlinfoweb.aph.gov.au/piweb/TranslateWIPILink.aspx?Folder=BIOGS&Criteria=NAME_ID:CF4%3B |title=Biography for Campbell, Graeme |publisher=Parliament of Australia |date=August 2008 |accessdate=24 January 2010}} {{dead link|date=March 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}} 2. ^ 3. ^{{cite news|newspaper=The Age|date=2 October 1986|title=Dust Makes the Wealth of Kalgoorlie and its Golden Mile|author=Catherine Menagh|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1300&dat=19861002&id=ADspAAAAIBAJ&sjid=t5IDAAAAIBAJ&pg=1332,1148860}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.aph.gov.au/HANSARD/reps/dailys/dr091299.pdf |title=House of Representatives Official Hansard |date=9 December 1999 |page=37 |accessdate=24 March 2017 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091026141708/http://Brendan.O%7CWA%7CConnor.MP@aph.gov.au/hansard/reps/dailys/dr091299.pdf |archivedate=26 October 2009 |df=dmy}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.alor.org/Volume29/Vol29No47.htm |date=3 December 1993 |title=The Graeme Campbell Tragedy |work=On Target |accessdate=24 January 2010 |author=Eric D. Butler |publisher=Australian League of Rights |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090916075856/http://www.alor.org/Volume29/Vol29No47.htm |archivedate=16 September 2009 |df=dmy}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.alor.org/Volume31/Vol31No30.htm |date=11 August 1995 |title=The Campbell Affair and the League of Rights |work=On Target |accessdate=24 January 2010 |author=David Thompson |publisher=Australian League of Rights |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090916115845/http://www.alor.org/Volume31/Vol31No30.htm |archivedate=16 September 2009 |df=dmy}} 7. ^{{cite book|title=From white Australia to Woomera: the story of Australian immigration|author=James Jupp|page=136|location=Cambridge|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2002|url=https://books.google.com/?id=A9XR6eKT54AC | isbn=978-0-521-53140-5}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.aph.gov.au/library/pubs/RP/1998-99/99rp10.htm |title=The Decline in Support for Australian Major Parties and the Prospect of Minority Government |author=Scott Bennett |date=16 February 1999 |accessdate=24 January 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100713000218/http://www.aph.gov.au/library/pubs/rp/1998-99/99rp10.htm |archivedate=13 July 2010 |df=dmy}} 9. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/elections/federal/2007/guide/kalg.htm|publisher=ABC News|work=Australia Votes 2007|title=Kalgoorlie|date=21 December 2007|author=Antony Green|accessdate=24 January 2010}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.australiafirstparty.com.au/cms/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070612213249/http://www.australiafirstparty.com.au/cms/ |dead-url=yes |archive-date=12 June 2007 |title=The Eight Core Policies of the Australia First Party |year=2005 |accessdate=24 January 2010}} 11. ^1998 Western Australia election results 12. ^Destiny Magazine, Issue #6 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/elections/federal/2007/results/senate/wa.htm|publisher=ABC News|title=Senate Results Western Australia|work=Federal Election 2007|year=2007|author=?Antony Green|accessdate=24 January 2010}} Bibliography
11 : 1939 births|Living people|One Nation (Australia) politicians|Independent members of the Parliament of Australia|Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of Australia|Members of the Australian House of Representatives|Members of the Australian House of Representatives for Kalgoorlie|English emigrants to Australia|People from Abingdon-on-Thames|Australia First Party members of the Parliament of Australia|20th-century Australian politicians |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。