| 词条 | Graham Bell Island |
| 释义 |
| name = Graham Bell | image_name = Kara sea ZFJGB.PNG | image_caption = Location of Graham Bell Island in the Franz Josef Archipelago | image_size = | map = Russia | map_caption = | native_name = Остров Греэм-Белл | native_name_link = Russian language | nickname = | location = Kara Sea/Barents Sea, Arctic Ocean | coordinates = {{coord|80.866389|N|64.289167|E|display=inline}} | archipelago = Franz Josef Land | total_islands = | major_islands = | area_km2 = 1557 | length_km = | width_km = | highest_mount = Kupol Vetrenyy | elevation_m = 509 | country = Russia | country_admin_divisions_title = | country_admin_divisions = | country_admin_divisions_title_1 = | country_admin_divisions_1 = | country_admin_divisions_title_2 = | country_admin_divisions_2 = | country_largest_city = | country_largest_city_population = | population = | population_as_of = | density_km2 = | ethnic_groups = | additional_info = }} Graham Bell Island ({{lang-ru|Остров Греэм-Белл}}, Ostrov Greem-Bell) is an island in the Franz Josef Archipelago in the Arctic Ocean, and is administratively part of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. GeographyGraham Bell Island is one of the largest islands of the group. It lies east of Wilczek Land, separated from it by a narrow sound known as Morgan Sound (Пролив Моргана; Proliv Morgana). It is also the easternmost island of Franz Josef Land. Cape Kohlsaat, the easternmost point of the archipelago at 81°14′N, 65°10′E, lies on Graham Bell Island's eastern shore. Cape Kohlsaat marks the northwestern-most corner of the Kara Sea and is a significant geographical landmark. and it is partly glacierized. The highest point of Graham Bell Island, {{convert|509|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}, is the summit of Kupol Vetrenyy (Купол Ветреный) "Windy Dome", a large ice dome covering the western part of the island.[1] This island was named after inventor Alexander Graham Bell. Graham Bell Island should not be confused with the smaller Bell Island which is also part of the Franz Josef Archipelago and which named after the shape, not the person.[2][3] HistoryGraham Bell Island is home to a Cold War outpost and to the airfield Greem Bell ({{coord|81|09|N|64|17|E|}}) on the Northeastern end of the island. It is the largest airfield in the archipelago. It has a runway 2,100 m (7,000 ft) long. Russian cargo and fighter aircraft have regularly landed here since the 1950s. The runway was usable only in the 8 months with sufficiently frozen ground. Before it was shut down it was also used for tourist helicopter trips around the Russian arctic as a stopover and refueling base. The base was shut down completely in 1994. It began falling into ruins and was subsequently closed to normal visitors.[4] In 2012, the Russian Air Force decided to reopen Graham Bell Airfield as part of a series of reopenings of air bases in the Arctic.[5] Adjacent islands
See also
References
Citations1. ^{{cite web|url=http://mapcarta.com/15435066|title=Kupol Vetrenny|work=Mapcarta|accessdate=6 October 2016}} {{Franz Josef Land}}{{Kara Sea Islands}}{{Alexander Graham Bell}}2. ^http://www.b-port.com/smi/2/2994/57017.html 3. ^http://www.franz-josef-land.info/index.php?id=651&L=5 4. ^Graham Bell (Greem Bell) Island, Severnaja - Franz-Josef-Land. Franz-josef-land.info. 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.janes.com/article/47831/russia-to-build-more-arctic-airfields|title=Russia to build more Arctic airfields|work=IHS Janes|accessdate=19 January 2014}} 3 : Islands of Franz Josef Land|Islands of Arkhangelsk Oblast|Alexander Graham Bell |
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