| 词条 | Grand Ballon | |
| 释义 |
| name = Grand Ballon | photo = Grandballonsud.jpg | photo_caption = The Grand Ballon from the south | elevation_m = 1424 | elevation_ref = | prominence_m = 1072 | prominence_ref= | range = Vosges Mountains | location = Haut-Rhin, Grand-Est, France | map = France | range_coordinates = | label_position = left | map_caption = France | coordinates = {{coord|47|54|03|N|7|05|53|E|type:mountain_region:FR_scale:100000|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | coordinates_ref = | translation = Great mountain | language = French | first_ascent = unknown }} The Grand Ballon ({{Lang-de|Großer Belchen}}) or Great Belchen[1][2] is the highest mountain of the Vosges, located {{convert|25|km|0}} northwest of Mulhouse, France. It is also the highest point of the Grand-Est French region.[3] NameGrand Ballon means "great [round-topped] mountain" because a ballon in French is a geographical term for a mountain with a rounded summit. Some still call it Ballon de Guebwiller, after the name of the closest town, Guebwiller, located {{cvt|8|km|0}} to the east. It is {{convert|1423.7|m|0}} high.[4] {{clear left}}ClimateAccording Köppen climate classification, the top of the Grand Ballon features a subarctic climate (Dfc), due to its altitude, 1424m above sea level. Winters are long, snowy and very cold. Summers are cool, with some mild days, especially in July. From 1400 to 900m the climate is subarctic. From 900 to 400, the climate is continental (with warm summers) (Dfb), and then, from 400m to 250m (plain), the climate is continental (with hot summers) (Dfa). Along with the Hohneck the summit of the Grand Ballon is the coldest and windiest point in Alsace. A record low of {{cvt|-30.2|°C}} was recorded on 10 February 1956, a record high of {{cvt|29|°C}} was recorded on 13 August 2003. The difference between the Grand Ballon and the neighboring plain (Mulhouse area) usually ranges from {{cvt|7|to|10|C-change}} and is higher in summertime. Winter snow cover is usually more than {{cvt|1.5|m|ft|0}} above {{cvt|1350|m}} of altitude. The highest snow accumulation ever recorded was {{cvt|3.7|m|ft|0}} 7 March 2006; in 1969 and 1970 the snow cover was above {{cvt|3|m|ft|0}}.[5]. TrailsThe well known Route des Crêtes (French for "route of the peaks") circumvents the mountain top around east, crossing a mountain pass at an altitude of {{cvt|1343|m|0}}, between Le Markstein winter sports station and Hartmannswillerkopf, a rocky spur. Tour de FranceThe road over the pass to the north of the mountain is occasionally used in the Tour de France, the first crossing being in 1969. It is the only Hors categorie (beyond categorization) climb in northern France. Belchen SystemThe mountain is part of the so-called Belchen System, a group of mountains with the name "Belchen" (in German) that may have been part of a Celtic sun calendar.[6] GallerySee also
References1. ^Chevrier, Jean-François. From Basel - Herzog & de Meuron, Basel: Birkhäuser, 2016, p. 54. 2. ^Herz, J.H. Guide Through Germany, Austria-Hungary, Switzerland, Italy, France, Belgium, Holland, the United Kingdom, Spain, Portugal, &c: Souvenir of the Hamburg-American Line. Germany: Hamburg-Amerikanische Packetfahrt-Actien-Gesellschaft, 1907, p. 284. 3. ^France Region High Points, web-page on www.peakbagger.com 4. ^According to the Institut Géographique National (IGN) 5. ^{{Cite|language=fr|first1=Daniel|last1=Joly|first2=Thierry|last2=Brossard|first3=Hervé|last3=Cardot|first4=Jean|last4=Cavailhes|title=Les types de climats en France, une construction spatiale|publisher=Cybergeo|date=2010-06-18|issn=1278-3366|doi=10.4000/cybergeo.23155|url=https://journals.openedition.org/cybergeo/23155#tocto3n1|accessdate=2018-08-18}} 6. ^Chevrier, Jean-François. From Basel - Herzog & de Meuron, Basel: Birkhäuser, 2016, p. 52. External links{{commons category|Grand Ballon}}
3 : Mountains of the Vosges|One-thousanders of France|Mountains of Haut-Rhin |
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