1. Geography

2. Historical summary

3. Footnotes

4. Further reading

5. External links

The Grand Ronde Community is an Indian reservation located on several non-contiguous sections of land in southwestern Yamhill County and northwestern Polk County, Oregon, United States, about {{convert|18|mi|km}} east of Lincoln City, near the community of Grand Ronde. In the mid-19th century, the United States government forced various tribes and bands from all parts of Western Oregon to be removed from their homes and placed on this reservation. It is owned by the Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon. The reservation has a land area of {{Convert|16.384|sqmi}}. In the 2000 census recorded a population of 55 persons. Most members of the tribe live elsewhere in order to find work.

Geography

Grand Ronde Reservation is located near {{coord|45|08|50|N|123|38|44|W|scale:100000|display=inline}}.^[1]

Historical summary

• Since 6,000 BCE or earlier, the Rogue River, Umpqua, Chasta, Kalapuya, Molalla, Salmon River, Tillamook, and Nestucca Indians lived in their traditional homelands
• 1854–1857: In the wake of the Rogue River Wars, the Grand Ronde reservation established by treaty arrangements in 1854 and 1855 and an Executive Order of June 30, 1857
• 1856: Fort Yamhill built next to reservation
• 1860's: Arrival of the Belgian Catholic missionary Father Adrien Croquet (renamed Crockett), uncle of the famous Cardinal Mercier, later followed by his nephew, Joseph Mercier. The non-ordained Joseph married into a local tribe, and many present-day tribespeople are among his descendants.^[2]
• 1887: the General Allotment Act makes allotments to individuals totaling slightly over {{Convert|33000|acre|km2}} of Reservation land. Most of this ends up in the hands of non-Indians{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}.
• 1901: U.S. Inspector James McLaughlin declared a {{Convert|25,791|acre|km2|adj = on}} tract of the reservation "surplus" and the U.S. sold it for $1.16 per acre ($287/km²).
• 1936: Indian Reorganization Act enables the Tribe to re-purchase some land for homes
• 1954: Under the Termination Act, the tribe's federal status was ended.
• 1983: Grand Ronde Restoration Act: On November 22, 1983, President Ronald Reagan signed the Grand Ronde Restoration Act, restoring federal recognition to the people as a tribe.
• 1988: Tribe regains {{Convert|9811|acres|km2}}. This is now about {{Convert|10,052|acres|km2}}.

Footnotes

Further reading

• C.F. Coan, "The Adoption of the Reservation Policy in Pacific Northwest, 1853–1855," Quarterly of the Oregon Historical Society, vol. 23, no. 1 (March 1922), pp. 1–38. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/20610197 In JSTOR].
• Melinda Marie Jetté, "'Beaver Are Numerous, but the Natives ... Will Not Hunt Them': Native-Fur Trader Relations in the Willamette Valley, 1812–1814," Pacific Northwest Quarterly, vol. 98, no. 1 (Winter 2006/2007), pp. 3–17. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/40491994 In JSTOR].
• Tracy Neal Leavelle, "'We Will Make It Our Own Place': Agriculture and Adaptation at the Grand Ronde Reservation, 1856–1887," American Indian Quarterly, vol. 22, no. 4 (Autumn 1998), pp. 433–456. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/1184835 In JSTOR].
• Ronald Spores, "Too Small a Place: The Removal of the Willamette Valley Indians, 1850–1856," American Indian Quarterly, vol. 17, no. 2 (Spring 1993), pp. 171–191. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/1185526 In JSTOR].

External links

• Confederated Tribes of Grande Ronde homepage
• [https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode25/usc_sup_01_25_10_14_20_XXX-C.html 25 U.S. Code 713 et seq: Confederated Tribes of the Grande Ronde Community of Oregon]
• Grand Ronde Community and Off-Reservation Trust Land, Oregon United States Census Bureau
• Document: an interview with Chuck Williams, stories about a family that went to Grand Ronde, and the Warm Springs Reservation

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