| 词条 | Greater lophorina |
| 释义 |
| name = Greater lophorina | image = Lophorina superba - Monograph of the Paradiseidae (cropped).jpg | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | genus = Lophorina | species = superba | authority = (Forster, 1781) }} The greater lophorina or greater superb bird-of-paradise (Lophorina superba) is a species of the Paradisaeidae (bird-of-paradise) family. It was considered the sole species in the genus until in 2017 it was recognised that there were three species (L. superba, Lophorina minor, and Lophorina niedda). DescriptionIt is a small, approximately 26 cm long, (passerine) bird. The male is black with an iridescent green crown, blue-green breast cover and a long velvety black erectile cape covering his back. The female is a reddish-brown bird with brownish barred buff below. The young is similar to the female. The greater lophorina is a dimorphic species.[2] Courtship displayDistribution and habitatThe greater lophorina is distributed throughout rain forests of New Guinea. It inhabits most commonly in rain forests or forest edges of Indonesia and Papua New Guinea.[3] They can also be found inhabiting mountainous habitats of the forests in New Guinea. The greater lophorina is also usually found on top of the trees that reside in the rain forests.[4] Food/preyThe greater lophorina travels across the trees in the forest to catch its prey which can vary depending on seasonal availability of food.[3] The greater lophorina has not only been known to eat fruits and insects, but also have been spotted preying on larger animals such as frogs, reptiles, and other small birds.[4] They can sometimes be seen foraging food on the grounds of the forest for insects.[5] PredatorsKnown predators of the superb bird-of-paradise include birds of prey and snakes.[4] Reproduction and chick behaviorThe greater lophorina forms their nest on top of trees using soft material that they find around the forest such as leaves. When reproducing, they usually produce from 1-3 eggs within a nest. It takes about 16–22 days for the eggs to hatch and for the chicks to be born. After that, chicks will be able to live on their own within 16–30 days, leaving their nest and becoming independent.[5] Male superb bird's-of-paradise tend to take about two years longer for them to mature compared to the females. Also, it will take about 4–7 years for males to develop their feathers for their courtship displays.[4] StatusAlthough heavily hunted for its plumes, the greater lophorina is one of the most common and widespread birds of paradise in the forests of New Guinea, and is evaluated as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.[1] It is listed on Appendix II of CITES. Subspecies
The crescent-caped lophorina was considered to be a subspecies (L. s. niedda) until 2018, as was lesser lophorina (L. s. minor).[7] References1. ^1 {{IUCN|id=22706167 |title=Lophorina superba |assessor=BirdLife International |assessor-link=BirdLife International |version=2013.2 |year=2012 |accessdate=26 November 2013}} 2. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/birds/group/birds-of-paradise/|title=Birds of Paradise {{!}} National Geographic|date=2010-04-11|access-date=2017-05-05}} 3. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.arkive.org/superb-bird-of-paradise/lophorina-superba/|title=Superb bird-of-paradise videos, photos and facts - Lophorina superba|website=Arkive|language=en-GB|access-date=2017-05-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170305000603/http://www.arkive.org/superb-bird-of-paradise/lophorina-superba/|archive-date=2017-03-05|dead-url=yes|df=}} 4. ^1 2 3 {{Cite web|url=http://animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/bird-paradise|title=Bird of Paradise {{!}} San Diego Zoo Animals & Plants|website=animals.sandiegozoo.org|language=en|access-date=2017-05-05}} 5. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://animallist.weebly.com/bird-of-paradise.html|title=Bird of Paradise|website=Animals|access-date=2017-05-05}} 6. ^1 2 {{cite journal|last1=Coyne A.|first1=Jerry|last2=Kay H.|first2=Emily|last3=Pruett-Jones|first3=Steven|title=The Genetic Basis of Sexual Dimorphism of Birds|journal=Evolution|date=August 2007|volume=62|issue=1|pages=214–219|doi=10.1111/j.1558-5646.2007.00254.x}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://novataxa.blogspot.com/2018/04/lophorina-niedda.html|title=Distinctive Courtship Phenotype of the Vogelkop Superb Bird-of-Paradise Lophorina niedda (Mayr, 1930) Confirms New Species Status}} Further reading
External links{{Commons|Lophorina superba}}{{Wikispecies|Lophorina superba}}
3 : Lophorina|Birds of New Guinea|Birds described in 1781 |
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