| 词条 | Gruyère District | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| official_name = Gruyère District | native_name = District de la Gruyère | settlement_type = District | image_map = {{Swiss subdivision OSM map|district}} | image_shield = Greyerzbezirk-Wappen.png | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{CHE}} | subdivision_type2 = Canton | subdivision_name2 = {{Flag|Fribourg}} | subdivision_type3 = Capital | subdivision_name3 = Bulle | area_total_km2 = 489.4 | area_footnotes = | population_as_of = {{Swiss populations date|CH-FR}} | population_total = {{Swiss populations NC| CH-FR | B1003 }} | population_footnotes = | population_density_km2 = auto | timezone = CET | utc_offset = +1 | timezone_DST = CEST | utc_offset_DST = +2 | blank_name_sec1 = Municipalities | blank_info_sec1 = 25 | website = Gruyère }} Gruyère (French: District de la Gruyère) is one of seven districts of the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. It has a population of {{Swiss populations| CH-FR | B1003 }} (as of {{Swiss populations date|CH-FR}}). Its capital is Bulle. Municipalities
Mergers and name changes
Coat of armsThe blazon of the district coat of arms is Gules, a Crane rising Argent.[2] DemographicsGruyère has a population ({{as of|{{Swiss populations YM|CH-FR}}|lc=on}}) of {{Swiss populations|CH-FR|B1003}}.{{Swiss populations ref|CH-FR}} Most of the population ({{as of|2000|lc=on}}) speaks French (33,578 or 88.2%) as their first language, German is the second most common (1,929 or 5.1%) and Portuguese is the third (939 or 2.5%). There are 247 people who speak Italian and 11 people who speak Romansh.[4] {{as of|2008}}, the population was 49.5% male and 50.5% female. The population was made up of 17,510 Swiss men (38.5% of the population) and 5,010 (11.0%) non-Swiss men. There were 18,688 Swiss women (41.1%) and 4,294 (9.4%) non-Swiss women.[3] Of the population in the district, 12,654 or about 33.2% were born in Gruyère and lived there in 2000. There were 13,900 or 36.5% who were born in the same canton, while 4,300 or 11.3% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 5,784 or 15.2% were born outside of Switzerland.[4]{{as of|2000}}, there were 16,301 people who were single and never married in the district. There were 17,680 married individuals, 2,347 widows or widowers and 1,742 individuals who are divorced.[4]There were 4,549 households that consist of only one person and 1,272 households with five or more people. The historical population is given in the following chart:[5] Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.8) ImageSize = width:960 height:210 PlotArea = height:150 left:100 bottom:50 right:100 AlignBars = justify DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:48000 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:8000 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:1600 start:0 PlotData= color:yellowgreen width:40 mark:(line,white) align:center bar:1850 from:start till:17162 text:"17,162" bar:1860 from:start till:18200 text:"18,200" bar:1870 from:start till:19288 text:"19,288" bar:1880 from:start till:20415 text:"20,415" bar:1888 from:start till:21342 text:"21,342" bar:1900 from:start till:23111 text:"23,111" bar:1910 from:start till:25279 text:"25,279" bar:1920 from:start till:27372 text:"27,372" bar:1930 from:start till:25530 text:"25,530" bar:1941 from:start till:26107 text:"26,107" bar:1950 from:start till:26611 text:"26,611" bar:1960 from:start till:26061 text:"26,061" bar:1970 from:start till:28017 text:"28,017" bar:1980 from:start till:27905 text:"27,905" bar:1990 from:start till:33080 text:"33,080" bar:2000 from:start till:38070 text:"38,070" bar:2010 from:start till:46415 text:"46,415" PoliticsIn the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the SP which received 27.5% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SVP (22.0%), the CVP (20.3%) and the FDP (15.6%).[6] The SPS improved their position in Gruyère rising to first, from second in 2007 (with 22.5%) The SVP moved from third in 2007 (with 22.0%) to second in 2011, the CVP moved from first in 2007 (with 28.9%) to third and the FDP retained about the same popularity (16.5% in 2007). A total of 14,036 votes were cast in this election, of which 277 or 2.0% were invalid.[7] ReligionFrom the {{as of|2000|alt=2000 census}}, 30,742 or 80.8% were Roman Catholic, while 2,044 or 5.4% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there were 151 members of an Orthodox church (or about 0.40% of the population), there were 22 individuals (or about 0.06% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic Church, and there were 592 individuals (or about 1.56% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 14 individuals (or about 0.04% of the population) who were Jewish, and 1,223 (or about 3.21% of the population) who were Islamic. There were 92 individuals who were Buddhist, 21 individuals who were Hindu and 29 individuals who belonged to another church. 1,892 (or about 4.97% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 1,527 individuals (or about 4.01% of the population) did not answer the question.[4] EducationIn Gruyère about 11,416 or (30.0%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 3,608 or (9.5%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 3,608 who completed tertiary schooling, 59.7% were Swiss men, 25.0% were Swiss women, 9.2% were non-Swiss men and 6.1% were non-Swiss women.[4] The Canton of Fribourg school system provides one year of non-obligatory Kindergarten, followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend a three or four year optional upper Secondary school. The upper Secondary school is divided into gymnasium (university preparatory) and vocational programs. After they finish the upper Secondary program, students may choose to attend a Tertiary school or continue their apprenticeship.[8] During the 2010-11 school year, there were a total of 9,029 students attending 485 classes in Gruyère. A total of 8,273 students from the district attended any school, either in the district or outside of it. There were 40 kindergarten classes with a total of 706 students in the district. The district had 171 primary classes and 3,429 students. During the same year, there were 90 lower secondary classes with a total of 1,739 students. There were 81 vocational upper Secondary classes and were 52 upper Secondary classes, with 978 upper Secondary students and 1,169 vocational upper Secondary students The district had 23 specialized Tertiary classes and there were 28 non-university Tertiary classes, with 838 non-university Tertiary students and 170 specialized Tertiary students.[3] See also
References1. ^1 Nomenklaturen – Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz {{de icon}} accessed 4 April 2011 {{Canton Fribourg}}{{coord|46|36|27|N|7|06|26|E|type:city_source:frwiki|display=title}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Gruyere (District)}}2. ^Flags of the World.com accessed 17-November-2011 3. ^1 Canton of Fribourg Statistics {{de icon}} accessed 3 November 2011 4. ^1 2 3 4 STAT-TAB Datenwürfel für Thema 40.3 - 2000 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140409212530/http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_40%20-%20Eidgen%C3%B6ssische%20Volksz%C3%A4hlung/40.3%20-%202000/40.3%20-%202000.asp?lang=1&prod=40&secprod=3&openChild=true |date=2014-04-09 }} {{de icon}} accessed 2 February 2011 5. ^Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Bevölkerungsentwicklung nach Region, 1850-2000 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140930162751/http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_40%20-%20Eidgen%C3%B6ssische%20Volksz%C3%A4hlung/40.4%20-%201850-2000/40.4%20-%201850-2000.asp?lang=1&prod=40&secprod=4&openChild=true |date=2014-09-30 }} {{de icon}} accessed 29 January 2011 6. ^Canton of Fribourg National Council Election of 23 October 2011 Statistics {{de icon}} {{fr icon}} accessed 3 November 2011 7. ^Swiss Federal Statistical Office, Nationalratswahlen 2007: Stärke der Parteien und Wahlbeteiligung, nach Gemeinden/Bezirk/Canton {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150514211354/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/17/02/blank/data/04/03.html |date=2015-05-14 }} {{de icon}} accessed 28 May 2010 8. ^Chart of the education system in Canton Fribourg {{de icon}} 1 : Districts of the canton of Fribourg |
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