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词条 Citroën Xsara
释义

  1. Chassis design

  2. Overview

     Pre-facelift  Facelift 

  3. Xsara WRC

     Rallycross  WRC victories 

  4. Sales and production

  5. See also

  6. References

  7. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}{{Infobox automobile
| name = Citroën Xsara
| image = Citroën Xsara in St Trond.jpg
| manufacturer = Citroën
| production = 1997–2006
| assembly = France: Rennes (PSA Rennes Plant)
Spain: Madrid Villaverde
Spain: Vigo (PSA Vigo Plant)
Uruguay: Barra de Carrasco (Oferol)
China: Wuhan, Hubei
Egypt: Cairo (AAV)[1]
| predecessor = Citroën ZX
| successor = Citroën C4
| class = Small family car (C)
| body_style = 5-door hatchback (notchback)
3-door hatchback (notchback)
5-door estate
| layout = Front-engine, front-wheel-drive
| wheelbase = {{convert|2540|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
| length = 5-door: {{convert|4167|-|4188|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
3-door: {{convert|4167|-|4188|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
Estate: {{convert|4350|-|4369|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
| width = {{convert|1705|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
| height = 5-door: {{convert|1405|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
Estate: {{convert|1420|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
| related = Citroën ZX
Peugeot 306
Citroën Xsara Picasso
}}

The Citroën Xsara was a small family car (C-segment in Europe) produced by the French automaker Citroën from 1997 to 2006. The Xsara was a development of the Citroën ZX and Peugeot 306, which shared a platform and running gear.

It came in three and five door hatchback (notchback) and five door estate body styles; the estate was marketed as the Break and the three door as the Coupé. The styling shared cues with the larger Bertone designed Xantia, but was regarded as bland by the motoring press.

The straight four engine range includes 1.4, 1.6, 1.8 and 2.0 litre petrol engines as well as 1.6, 1.9 and 2.0 litre naturally aspirated and turbocharged diesels. In some countries, such as Portugal, the 1.5 litre TUD5 diesel engine was also available.[2] The Xsara was 1998 Semperit Irish Car of the Year in Ireland.

Chassis design

The familiar range of PSA powertrains drove the front wheels of a seemingly conventionally designed chassis. At the front was a standard MacPherson strut layout with anti-roll bar, while the rear used the PSA Peugeot-Citroën fully independent trailing arm/torsion bar set up, which was first introduced on the estate of the Peugeot 305.

However, PSA's chassis engineers employed some unusual features, including passive rear wheel steering, though less than on the ZX, (by means of specially designed compliance bushes in the rear suspension), and inhouse developed and constructed shock absorbers.

At high mileages, this is prone to wear of the axle mounting bushes which is easily fixed. It is also prone to wear in the rear axle trailing arm bearings, which then wear the trailing arm axle tubes, requiring an expensive rebuild or a replacement axle assembly.[3][4][5][6][7]

The diesel and larger capacity petrol engines are canted as far back as possible in the engine bay, in an effort to put as much weight as possible behind the front axle line, also reducing the centre of gravity, while improving weight distribution and minimising understeer.

Overview

Pre-facelift

The original Xsara was launched in September 1997, and was available with different engine choices:

  • 1.4L (1361 cc 8 valve SOHC) {{Convert|55|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on}} TU3JP 4-cylinder petrol 111 N·m
  • 1.6L (1587 cc) {{convert|66|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on}} TU5JP four cylinder petrol 136 N·m
  • 1.8L (1761 cc) {{convert|66|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on}} XU7JB four cylinder petrol
  • 1.8L (1761 cc) {{convert|76|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on}} XU7JP four cylinder petrol
  • 1.8L (1761 cc 16-valve DOHC) {{Convert|82|kW|hp|0|abbr=on}} XU7JP4 four cylinder petrol 155 N·m
  • 2.0L (1998 cc) {{convert|92|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on}} XU10J2C four cylinder petrol
  • 2.0L (1998 cc 16 valve DOHC) {{convert|99|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on}} XU10J4R four cylinder petrol
  • 2.0L (1998 cc 16 valve DOHC) {{convert|122|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on}} XU10J4RS four cylinder petrol (used in Xsara VTS)
  • 1.5L (1527 cc) 43 kW (58 PS; 57 hp) TUD5 diesel
  • 1.9L (1905 cc) {{convert|50|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on}} XUD9A diesel
  • 1.9L (1868 cc) {{convert|51|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on}} DW8 diesel
  • 1.9L (1905 cc) {{convert|55|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on}} XUD9B SD diesel
  • 1.9L (1905 cc) {{convert|66|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on}} XUD9TE turbodiesel
  • 2.0L (1997 cc) {{convert|66|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on}} DW10TD turbodiesel
  • 2.0L (1997 cc) {{convert|80|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on}} DW10ATED turbodiesel

Facelift

In September 2000, the Xsara was facelifted. The car was now stiffer (safety and handling improved), had a new front design and some interior modifications (i.e.: new steering wheel). The facelift also saw the introduction of multiplex wiring.

However, the wiring used was too thin, resulting in multiple wires breaking with frequent use, especially in the driver's door, thereby rendering the driver's door window, central locking and interior lights unusable.{{citation needed|date=August 2014}} Citroën do not acknowledge this as a problem, and do not issue door wiring harnesses as a spare.{{citation needed|date=August 2014}}

New 1.6i and 2.0i 16 valve engines were being introduced and 1.8L were removed. Now Xsara is offered with following engine choices:

  • 1.4L (1361 cc 8 valve SOHC) {{Convert|55|kW|hp|0|abbr=on}} TU3JP four cylinder petrol 121 N·m (catalyst and its position were changed).
  • 1.6L (1587 cc 16 valve DOHC) {{Convert|81|kW|hp|0|abbr=on}} TU5JP4 four cylinder petrol (new, replaced 8-valve TU5JP engine)
  • 2.0L (1998 cc 16 valve DOHC) {{Convert|122|kW|hp|0|abbr=on}} XU10J4RS four cylinder petrol (used till 2002)
  • 2.0L (1998 cc 16 valve DOHC) {{Convert|101|kW|hp|0|abbr=on}} EW10J4 four cylinder petrol (new, replaced XU10 engine)
  • 1.4L (1398 cc) HDI 50 KW 68 PS DW4TD 01. 2004–31 December 2004
  • 1.5L (1527 cc) 43 kW (58 PS; 57 hp) TUD5 diesel
  • 1.9L (1868 cc) {{convert|51|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on}} DW8 diesel (used till 2002)
  • 1.9L (1868 cc) {{convert|53|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on}} DW8B diesel (new)
  • 2.0L (1997 cc) {{convert|66|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on}} DW10TD turbodiesel (catalyst was changed, later central silencer was removed)
  • 2.0L (1997 cc) {{convert|79|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on}} DW10ATED turbodiesel (new)

The model of 2002 had slight interior modifications (e.g. a different way of controlling the sound system from the steering wheel). In February 2003, there were also some exterior modifications (e.g. new front bumper).

The Xsara hatchback was discontinued, and replaced by the C4 in November 2004. The Xsara continues to be produced for the Chinese market by Dongfeng Peugeot-Citroën Automobile, a joint venture with the PSA Group. The Xsara Picasso small MPV was continued, concurrently with its successor that was based on the C4. 'Picasso' becoming the name for MPV derivatives of any Citroën model.

Xsara WRC

The Xsara World Rally Car, based on the road going Xsara hatchback but ultimately having very little resemblance to it under the skin, was one of the most successful cars ever to compete in the World Rally Championship. In 1999, the WRCs predecessor, the two wheel drive naturally aspirated Xsara Kit Car, won overall in Rallye Catalunya and Tour de Corse. This car was considered the best car in the class. The late Philippe Bugalski placed seventh overall and won the Kit Car F2 class.

In 2001, Kit Cars category disappeared and was replaced by Super 1600 and Super 2000. Citroën Xsara competed in the category of World Rally Car. In 2002, French driver Sébastien Loeb was supposed to win the Monte Carlo Rally but he was penalized for an illegal tyre change, but he later won the Deutschland Rally.

In 2003, the Citroën Xsara was more competitive. In Wales GB, the leader Richard Burns suffered a blackout and withdrew from the rally. Sébastien Loeb made some mistakes on the last round and he lost the championship by just one point.

However, the Citroën won the manufacturers' title and in 2004 Sébastien loeb won the championship. The car took Sébastien Loeb to 28 rally wins, three consecutive Driver's Championship titles from 2004 to 2006, and Citroën to three consecutive Manufacturer's Championship titles in 2003, 2004, and 2005.

Although it is the Frenchman who has proved the archetype Xsara WRC pilot virtually since its 2001 conception, Jesús Puras, Carlos Sainz and François Duval are the other drivers who have won. The car was replaced in 2007 by the Citroën C4 WRC, however the Xsara was still used by privateers and others. 2003 world champion Petter Solberg drove a 2006 spec Xsara for the majority of the season of 2009, which was entered by his own Petter Solberg World Rally Team.[8]

Rallycross

Kenneth Hansen won the FIA European Rallycross Championship every year from 2000 to 2005.

In September 2014, French based Lebanese businessman Nabil Karam entered the 2014 World RX of France with an Xsara, finishing 34th out of 37 entrants after the qualifying heats, and failing to qualify for the semi finals. Having upgraded to a DS3 for the 2015 edition, this is the only time an Xsara has been used in a World Championship rallycross event.

WRC victories

 #  Event Season Driver Co-driver
1France}} Tour de Corse 2001Spain}} Jesús PurasSpain}} Marc Martí
2Germany}} Rallye Deutschland 2002France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
3Monaco}} Monte Carlo Rally 2003France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
4Turkey}} Rally of Turkey2003}}Spain}} Carlos SainzSpain}} Marc Martí
5Germany}} Rallye Deutschland 2003France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
6Italy}} Rallye Sanremo 2003France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
7Monaco}} Monte Carlo Rally 2004France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
8Sweden}} Swedish Rally 2004France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
9Cyprus}} Cyprus Rally 2004France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
10Turkey}} Rally of Turkey 2004France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
11Argentina}} Rally Argentina2004}}Spain}} Carlos SainzSpain}} Marc Martí
12Germany}} Rallye Deutschland 2004France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
13Australia}} Rally Australia 2004France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
14Monaco}} Monte Carlo Rally 2005France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
15New Zealand}} Rally New Zealand 2005France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
16Italy}} Rally d'Italia Sardegna 2005France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
17Cyprus}} Cyprus Rally 2005France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
18Turkey}} Rally of Turkey 2005France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
19Greece}} Acropolis Rally 2005France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
20Argentina}} Rally Argentina 2005France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
21Germany}} Rallye Deutschland 2005France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
22France}} Tour de Corse 2005France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
23Spain}} Rally Catalunya 2005France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
24Australia}} Rally Australia 2005Belgium}} François DuvalBelgium}} Sven Smeets
25Mexico}} Rally Mexico 2006France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
26Spain}} Rally Catalunya 2006France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
27France}} Tour de Corse 2006France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
28Argentina}} Rally Argentina 2006France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
29Italy}} Rally d'Italia Sardegna 2006France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
30Germany}} Rallye Deutschland 2006France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
31Japan}} Rally Japan 2006France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
32Cyprus}} Cyprus Rally 2006France}} Sébastien LoebMonaco}} Daniel Elena
{{s-start}}{{s-ach|aw}}{{succession box | before = Peugeot 206 WRC | title = Autosport
Rally Car of the Year | after = Ford Focus RS WRC | years = 2003, 2004, 2005}}{{s-end}}

Sales and production

Year Worldwide production Worldwide sales Notes
20121,800[9] {{TBA}} Total production reaches 3,364,000 units.[9]

See also

  • Citroën Total World Rally Team

References

1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.aav.com.eg/Pathtosuccess.html |title=Arab American Vehicles Co |publisher=Aav.com.eg |date= |accessdate=25 March 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100209114707/http://www.aav.com.eg/Pathtosuccess.html |archivedate=9 February 2010 |df= }}
2. ^{{citation | type = Auction Catalogue | date = 10 December 2017 | publisher = Leclere Maison des Ventes | language = fr | title = Vente des réserves de l'Aventure Peugeot Citroën DS | chapter = Lot 143: Xsara Break 1.5 D Phase I | page = 154 | url = http://fr.zone-secure.net/27293/452939/publication/contents/pages/154/2048x0.jpg | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20171126073322/http://fr.zone-secure.net/27293/452939/publication/contents/pages/154/2048x0.jpg | archivedate = 26 November 2017 }}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.citroen-owners-club.co.uk/citroen/index.php?/topic/10225-zx-volcane-rear-suspension/|title=Zx Volcane Rear Suspension|work=Citroen Owners Club. The citroen cars forums}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.honestjohn.co.uk/forum/post/index.htm?t=17115|title=ZX rear swing arm bearings - Technical matters - Back Room Forum - Honest John|work=honestjohn.co.uk}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.docstoc.com/docs/122038287/Citroen-ZX-Suspension-and-steering|title=Citroen ZX Suspension and steering|work=Docstoc.com}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.frenchcarforum.co.uk/forum/viewtopic.php?p=129058|title=ZX Radius arm bearings - French Car Forum|work=frenchcarforum.co.uk}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.sspengineering.co.uk/|title=A B Axles - Reconditioned and Refurbished Peugeot & Citroen Rear Axles|work=sspengineering.co.uk}}
8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.wrc.com/jsp/index.jsp?lnk=403&season=2009&rally_id=I |title=World Rally Championship – Rallies |publisher=Wrc.com |date= |accessdate=6 October 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090708210418/http://www.wrc.com/jsp/index.jsp?lnk=403&season=2009&rally_id=I |archivedate=8 July 2009 |df= }}
9. ^1 {{cite journal|title=Memento Mars 2013|date=21 February 2013|page=50|url=http://www.psa-peugeot-citroen.com/fr/pagebuilder/downloadpackage/2293?pid=-1|publisher=PSA Peugeot Citroën|accessdate=31 July 2013|language=fr}}{{dead link|date=August 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

External links

{{Commons category}}
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20031026003634/http://www.citroen-online.co.uk/citroen-xsara-picasso/ Xsara Picasso Official UK site]
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20060628211241/http://www.citroen.mb.ca/xsara/xsara.html Xsara model information]
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20060322105435/http://crash.citroen1.info/ Citroën Crash Test Xsara]
  • Meaning of word "Xsara"
{{Citroën}}{{Citroën timeline 1980 to date}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Citroen Xsara}}

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