| 词条 | Gyomaendrőd |
| 释义 |
|image_shield = Coa_Hungary_Town_Gyomaendrőd.svg |image_flag = Flag of Gyomaendrőd.svg |image_skyline = Gyoma járási hivatal.JPG |image_caption = Town hall |settlement_type = Town |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{HUN}} |coordinates = {{coord|46|56|10|N|20|49|25|E|region:HU_type:city|display=inline,title}} |pushpin_map = Hungary |pushpin_label_position = left |pushpin_map_caption = |pushpin_mapsize = |timezone=CET |utc_offset=+1 |timezone_DST=CEST |utc_offset_DST=+2 |official_name=Gyomaendrőd |subdivision_type1=County |subdivision_name1=Békés |subdivision_type2=District |subdivision_name2=Gyomaendrőd |area_total_km2=303.98 |population_as_of=2011 |population_total=13680 |population_footnotes= |population_density_km2=49.66 |postal_code_type=Postal code |postal_code=5500, 5502 |area_code_type=Area code |area_code=(+36) 66 |website= {{URL|http://www.gyomaendrod.hu/}} }} Gyomaendrőd is a town in Békés county, Hungary. NameGyoma is an old Hungarian male given name,[1] while Endrőd means "belongs to Endre (Hungarian to Andrew)" or "property of Endre". GeographyGyomaendrőd is located in the Great Hungarian Plain upon the river Körös, {{convert|177|km|0|abbr=on}} southeast from Budapest. Highway 46, 443 and Budapest-Szolnok-Békéscsaba-Lökösháza high speed (120–160 km/h (75–99 mph)) railway line also cross the town.[2] HistoryThe smaller towns of Gyoma and Endrőd were united in 1982.[3] Gyoma was first mentioned in 1332, while Endrőd in 1416.[3] Medieval towns were ruined due to the Ottoman wars, native Hungarian population fled from the area.[4] It was uninhabited until the early 18th century, when Calvinist Hungarians reestablished Gyoma. Calvinist church was built from 1791 to 1813.[3] Gyoma was rebuilt by Roman Catholic Slovaks and Hungarians from Upper Hungary.[4] Slovaks adopted Hungarian language and assimilated into the Hungarian majority by the 19th century.[4] Lutheran Germans also settled in Gyoma in the early 19th century,[4] their church was built in 1862. In the 20th century Gyomaendrőd became a resort town, the government granted town rights in 1989.[3] DemographicsAccording to the 2011 census the total population of Gyomaendrőd was 13,680, of whom there were 11,547 (84.4%) Hungarians, 613 (4.5%) Romani and 163 (1.2%) Germans by ethnicity. 15.6% did not declare their ethnicity,[5] excluding these people Hungarians made up 100% of the total population. In Hungary people can declare more than one ethnicity, so some people declared a minority one along with Hungarian.[6][7] In 2011 there were 3,458 (25.3%) Roman Catholic, 1,483 (10.8%) Hungarian Reformed (Calvinist) and 183 (1.3%) Lutheran in Gyomaendrőd. 4,644 people (34.0%) were irreligious and 170 (1.2%) Atheist, while 3,602 people (26.3%) did not declare their religion.[6] Notable people
Sister cities{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Hungary}}References1. ^János Ladó - Ágnes Bíró: Magyar utónévkönyv ("Book of Hungarian given names"), Vince Kiadó, Budapest, 2005, {{ISBN|963-9069-72-8}} 2. ^Magyarország autóatlasz, Dimap-Szarvas, Budapest, 2004, {{ISBN|963-03-7576-1}} 3. ^1 2 3 Gyomaendrőd, Tourinform Iroda Gyomaendrőd, 2010, p.33, pp.1-16 4. ^1 2 3 Károly Kocsis (DSc, University of Miskolc) – Zsolt Bottlik (PhD, Budapest University) – Patrik Tátrai: Etnikai térfolyamatok a Kárpát-medence határon túli régióiban, Magyar Tudományos Akadémia (Hungarian Academy of Sciences) – Földrajtudományi Kutatóintézet (Academy of Geographical Studies); Budapest; 2006.; {{ISBN|963-9545-10-4}}, CD Atlas 5. ^Gazetteer of Hungary / Gyomaendrőd 6. ^1 2011 Hungarian census, Békés county 7. ^Hungarian census 2011 - final data and methodology External links{{Commons category}}
1 : Populated places in Békés County |
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