| 词条 | Gyttja |
| 释义 |
Gyttja (sometimes gytta[1], from Swedish gyttja) is a mud formed from the partial decay of peat. It is black and has a gel-like consistency. Aerobic digestion of the peat by bacteria forms humic acid [2] and reduces the peat in the first oxygenated metre (generally 0.5 metre) of the peat column. As the peat is buried under new peat or soil the oxygen is reduced, often by water logging, and further degradation by anaerobic microbes, anaerobic digestion can produce gyttja. The gyttja then slowly drains to the bottom of the column.[3] It pools at the bottom of the peat column, about {{convert|10|m}} below the surface or wherever it is stopped by e.g. compacted soil/peat, bedrock, or permafrost. Gyttja accumulates as long as new material is added to the top of the column and the conditions are right for anaerobic degradation of the peat. Gyttja can form in layers reflecting changes in the environment[4] as with other sedimentary rock. Gyttja is the part of peat that forms coal, but it must be buried under thousands of meters for coalification to occur because it has to be hot enough to drive off the water it contains (see dopplerite). References{{Refbegin}}{{Refend}}1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.pleasley-colliery.org.uk/html/formation.htm|title=Coal formation|publisher=Pleasley Colliery website|accessdate=12 December 2013}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.suprahumic.unina.it/ |title=Suprahumic |publisher=Federico II University |work=Suprahumic.unina.it |location=Portici, Italy |accessdate=2013-12-12}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.giss.nasa.gov/research/briefs/peteet_03/fig2.pdf |title= peteet_03 |publisher= NASA |accessdate=2012-12-01}} 4. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.pimdeklerk-palynology.eu/page108c9d270f5.html |title= A pollen diagram from a small kettle-hole near Horst (northern Vorpommern, NE Germany) |publisher= |author= De Klerk, P. |accessdate= 2012-12-01 |deadurl= yes |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20120426081713/http://www.pimdeklerk-palynology.eu/page108c9d270f5.html |archivedate= 2012-04-26 |df= }} External links
1 : Coal |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。