| 词条 | Hagneck |
| 释义 |
| subject_name = Hagneck | municipality_name = Hagneck | municipality_type = municipality | image_photo = Hagneckkanal bei Hagneck.JPG | image_caption = Hagneck Canal near Hagneck | imagepath_coa = Hagneck-coat of arms.svg|pixel_coa= | map = | languages = German | canton = Bern | iso-code-region = CH-BE | district = Seeland |coordinates = {{coord|47|3|N|7|11|E|display=inline,title}} |lat_NS=N|long_EW=E | postal_code = 2575 | municipality_code = 0736 | area = 1.8 | elevation = 441|elevation_description= | population = 417 | populationof = Dec 2011 | popofyear = 2011 | website = | mayor = |mayor_asof=|mayor_party= | mayor_title = |list_of_mayors = | places = | demonym = | neighboring_municipalities= Ligerz, Lüscherz, Siselen, Täuffelen, Twann, Walperswil | twintowns = |}} Hagneck is a municipality in the Seeland administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. HistoryArcheological discoveriesTraces of early and late Bronze Age settlements have been found in the Hagneck marshland, which is part of the Grand Marais. Construction on a hill that separated the marshes from the lake resulted in the destruction of what appeared to be a {{convert|200|m|ft|abbr=on}} Roman era drainage pipe. A portion of the Roman road between Vinelz and Täuffelen is still visible near village. Scattered medieval artifacts have been found near the marsh and the remains of a medieval castle were destroyed during construction of the Hagnek channel. Foundation and growthHagneck is first mentioned in 1353 as Hagneg.[1] The small village of Hagnek was part of the parish of Täuffelen and the land was owned by the Counts of Neuchâtel-Nidau. Many of their estates, including Hagneck, were acquired by Bern in 1398. Under Bernese rule, the village was part of the Epsach quarter of the Vogtei of Nidau. Hagneck was quite small and in 1783 was listed as a farm with four houses. The Bernese patrician families of von Erlach and von May owned the fields and farms. Between 1873 and 1878 the Hagneck channel was built as part of the Jura water correction. The new channel began a process of draining the marshes and swamps near the village. In 1899 the Hagneck power station was built along with a canal to provide water for the station. A third project, between 1925 and 1937, drained many of the remaining marshes outside the village. The drainage projects opened up extensive farmland in the rich soil of the former marshes.[1] Today's HagneckThe municipality was created in 1840, but remained tied to Täuffelen for the school and church. The construction of the Biel-Täuffelen-Ins railroad in 1916 connected the small village to the Swiss rail network. Today, agriculture, arts and crafts and the power plant employ a third of the population. The other two-thirds commute to jobs in the Biel/Bienne and Bern regions.[1] GeographyHagneck has an area of {{Swiss area|0736|mi=on}}.{{Swiss area data|0736|QUELLE}} As of 2012, a total of {{convert|1.2|km2|mi2|abbr=on}} or 65.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while {{convert|0.23|km2|mi2|abbr=on}} or 12.6% is forested. Of the rest of the land, {{convert|0.23|km2|mi2|abbr=on}} or 12.6% is settled (buildings or roads), {{convert|0.15|km2|acre|abbr=on}} or 8.2% is either rivers or lakes.[1] During the same year, housing and buildings made up 7.1% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.8%. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 1.6% of the area Out of the forested land, 10.9% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.6% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 59.0% is used for growing crops and 4.4% is pastures, while 2.2% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.[1] The village lies on the right bank of Biel/Bienne, at the mouth of the Hagneck canal, which was dug out as a main part of the Jura water correction, leading the Aare River into the lake. On 31 December 2009 Amtsbezirk Nidau, the municipality's former district, was dissolved. On the following day, 1 January 2010, it joined the newly created Verwaltungskreis Seeland.[2] Coat of armsThe blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Gules a Border Or and overall a Bendlet wavy Azure.[3] DemographicsHagneck has a population ({{as of|{{Swiss populations YM|CH-BE}}|lc=on}}) of {{Swiss populations|CH-BE|0736}}.{{Swiss populations ref|CH-BE}} {{as of|2010}}, 4.5% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (2001-2011) the population has changed at a rate of -0.5%. Migration accounted for 0.2%, while births and deaths accounted for -0.7%.[4] Most of the population ({{as of|2000|lc=on}}) speaks German (342 or 95.8%) as their first language, French is the second most common (11 or 3.1%) and Romansh is the third (1 or 0.3%).[9] {{as of|2008}}, the population was 49.2% male and 50.8% female. The population was made up of 198 Swiss men (47.3% of the population) and 8 (1.9%) non-Swiss men. There were 202 Swiss women (48.2%) and 1 (0.2%) non-Swiss women.[5] Of the population in the municipality, 55 or about 15.4% were born in Hagneck and lived there in 2000. There were 193 or 54.1% who were born in the same canton, while 78 or 21.8% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 24 or 6.7% were born outside of Switzerland.[9]{{as of|2011}}, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 17.3% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 62.4% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 20.4%.[4]{{as of|2000}}, there were 127 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 187 married individuals, 24 widows or widowers and 19 individuals who are divorced.[6]{{as of|2010}}, there were 36 households that consist of only one person and 6 households with five or more people.[7] {{as of|2000|alt=In 2000}}, a total of 133 apartments (89.9% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 9 apartments (6.1%) were seasonally occupied and 6 apartments (4.1%) were empty.[8] The vacancy rate for the municipality, {{as of|2012|alt=in 2012}}, was 1.68%. In 2011, single family homes made up 79.3% of the total housing in the municipality.[9]The historical population is given in the following chart:[10][11] Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.8) ImageSize = width: auto height:200 barincrement:45 PlotArea = top:20 left:35 bottom:20 right:35 AlignBars = justify DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:360 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:70 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:14 start:0 PlotData= color:yellowgreen width: 35 mark:(line,white) align:center bar:1764 from:start till:16 text:"16" bar:1850 from:start till:58 text:"58" bar:1860 from:start till:110 text:"110" bar:1870 from:start till:109 text:"109" bar:1880 from:start till:110 text:"110" bar:1888 from:start till:114 text:"114" bar:1900 from:start till:125 text:"125" bar:1910 from:start till:110 text:"110" bar:1920 from:start till:124 text:"124" bar:1930 from:start till:130 text:"130" bar:1941 from:start till:120 text:"120" bar:1950 from:start till:141 text:"141" bar:1960 from:start till:159 text:"159" bar:1970 from:start till:229 text:"229" bar:1980 from:start till:261 text:"261" bar:1990 from:start till:304 text:"304" bar:2000 from:start till:357 text:"357" SightsThe entire Elektrizitätswerk Hagneck (Hagneck Power Plant) site is designated as part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites[12] PoliticsIn the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the Swiss People's Party (SVP) which received 33% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the Conservative Democratic Party (BDP) (20%), the Social Democratic Party (SP) (18.9%) and the Green Liberal Party (GLP) (7.9%). In the federal election, a total of 163 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 47.4%.[13] Economy{{as of|2011|In 2011}}, Hagneck had an unemployment rate of 2.2%. {{as of|2008}}, there were a total of 53 people employed in the municipality. Of these, there were 16 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 6 businesses involved in this sector. 13 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 4 businesses in this sector. 24 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 7 businesses in this sector.[4] There were 180 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 40.6% of the workforce.{{as of|2008|alt=In 2008}} there were a total of 45 full-time equivalent jobs. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 13, all in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 11 of which 10 were in manufacturing and 1 was in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 21. In the tertiary sector; 6 or 28.6% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 10 or 47.6% were in a hotel or restaurant, 1 was the insurance or financial industry, and 2 or 9.5% were technical professionals or scientists.[14]{{as of|2000|alt=In 2000}}, there were 19 workers who commuted into the municipality and 153 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 8.1 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. A total of 27 workers (58.7% of the 46 total workers in the municipality) both lived and worked in Hagneck.[15] Of the working population, 21.1% used public transportation to get to work, and 53.9% used a private car.[4]In 2011 the average local and cantonal tax rate on a married resident, with two children, of Hagneck making 150,000 CHF was 12.6%, while an unmarried resident's rate was 18.5%.[16] For comparison, the rate for the entire canton in the same year, was 14.2% and 22.0%, while the nationwide rate was 12.3% and 21.1% respectively.[17] In 2009 there were a total of 193 tax payers in the municipality. Of that total, 73 made over 75,000 CHF per year. There was one person who made between 15,000 and 20,000 per year. The average income of the over 75,000 CHF group in Hagneck was 102,918 CHF, while the average across all of Switzerland was 130,478 CHF.[18] In 2011 a total of 1.4% of the population received direct financial assistance from the government.[19] ReligionFrom the {{as of|2000|alt=2000 census}}, 272 or 76.2% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church, while 36 or 10.1% were Roman Catholic. Of the rest of the population, there were 10 individuals (or about 2.80% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There was 1 person who was Hindu and 1 individual who belonged to another church. 26 (or about 7.28% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 11 individuals (or about 3.08% of the population) did not answer the question.[6] EducationIn Hagneck about 66.3% of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 14.1% have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule).[4] Of the 33 who had completed some form of tertiary schooling listed in the census, 69.7% were Swiss men, 24.2% were Swiss women.[6] {{as of|2000|In 2000}}, there was 1 student who lived in Hagneck and attended a school in the municipality. 53 students from Hagneck attended schools outside the municipality.[15]References1. ^1 Swiss Federal Statistical Office-Land Use Statistics 2009 data {{de icon}} accessed 25 March 2010 2. ^Nomenklaturen – Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz {{de icon}} accessed 4 April 2011 3. ^Flags of the World.com accessed 8 August 2013 4. ^1 2 3 4 Swiss Federal Statistical Office accessed 8 August 2013 5. ^Statistical office of the Canton of Bern {{de icon}} accessed 4 January 2012 6. ^1 2 3 4 STAT-TAB Datenwürfel für Thema 40.3 - 2000 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140409212530/http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_40%20-%20Eidgen%C3%B6ssische%20Volksz%C3%A4hlung/40.3%20-%202000/40.3%20-%202000.asp?lang=1&prod=40&secprod=3&openChild=true |date=2014-04-09 }} {{de icon}} accessed 2 February 2011 7. ^Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Haushaltsgrösse {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006073036/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/01/04/blank/key/haushaltsgroesse.html |date=2014-10-06 }} {{de icon}} accessed 8 May 2013 8. ^Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB - Datenwürfel für Thema 09.2 - Gebäude und Wohnungen {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140907111534/http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_09%20-%20Bau-%20und%20Wohnungswesen/09.2%20-%20Geb%C3%A4ude%20und%20Wohnungen/09.2%20-%20Geb%C3%A4ude%20und%20Wohnungen.asp?lang=1&prod=09&secprod=2&openChild=true |date=2014-09-07 }} {{de icon}} accessed 28 January 2011 9. ^Statistischer Atlas der Schweiz - Anteil Einfamilienhäuser am gesamten Gebäudebestand, 2011 accessed 17 June 2013 10. ^1 2 3 {{HDS|439|Hagneck}} 11. ^Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Bevölkerungsentwicklung nach Region, 1850-2000 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140930162751/http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_40%20-%20Eidgen%C3%B6ssische%20Volksz%C3%A4hlung/40.4%20-%201850-2000/40.4%20-%201850-2000.asp?lang=1&prod=40&secprod=4&openChild=true |date=2014-09-30 }} {{de icon}} accessed 29 January 2011 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bevoelkerungsschutz.admin.ch/internet/bs/de/home/themen/kgs/kgs_inventar/a-objekte.html|title=Kantonsliste A-Objekte|year=2009|work=KGS Inventar|publisher=Federal Office of Civil Protection|language=German|accessdate=25 April 2011|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100628110559/http://www.bevoelkerungsschutz.admin.ch/internet/bs/de/home/themen/kgs/kgs_inventar/a-objekte.html|archivedate=28 June 2010|df=}} 13. ^Swiss Federal Statistical Office 2011 Election {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114214422/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/17/02/blank/data/05/03.html |date=2013-11-14 }} {{de icon}} accessed 8 May 2012 14. ^Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Betriebszählung: Arbeitsstätten nach Gemeinde und NOGA 2008 (Abschnitte), Sektoren 1-3 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141225013454/http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_06%20-%20Industrie%20und%20Dienstleistungen/06.2%20-%20Unternehmen/06.2%20-%20Unternehmen.asp?lang=1&prod=06&secprod=2&openChild=true |date=2014-12-25 }} {{de icon}} accessed 28 January 2011 15. ^1 Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Statweb {{webarchive|url=https://archive.is/20120804043150/http://www.media-stat.admin.ch/stat/pendler/pop.php |date=2012-08-04 }} {{de icon}} accessed 24 June 2010 16. ^Statistischer Atlas der Schweiz - Steuerbelastung, 2011 Politische Gemeinden {{de icon}} accessed 15 May 2013 17. ^Swiss Federal Tax Administration - Grafische Darstellung der Steuerbelastung 2011 in den Kantonen {{de icon}} {{fr icon}} accessed 17 June 2013 18. ^Federal Tax Administration Report Direkte Bundessteuer - Natürliche Personen - Gemeinden - Steuerjahr 2009 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006202236/http://www.estv.admin.ch/dokumentation/00075/00076/00701/01362/index.html?lang=de |date=2014-10-06 }} {{de icon}} {{fr icon}} accessed 15 May 2013 19. ^Statistischer Atlas der Schweiz - Bezüger/-innen von Sozialhilfeleistungen (Sozialhilfeempfänger/-innen), 2011 accessed 18 June 2013 Bibliography-P. Aeschbacher, Stadt und von den Landvogtei Nidau Anfängen bis ins 16. Jh., 1929Gesamtmelioration-Brüttelen-Lüscherz-Hagneck, 1970–1987, 1989 External links{{commons category|Hagneck}}
2 : Municipalities of the canton of Bern|Populated places on Lake Biel |
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