| 词条 | Handley Page Marathon | |||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Handley Page (Reading) H.P.R.1 Marathon was a British civil 20-passenger light transport produced by Handley Page (Reading) Limited of Woodley Aerodrome, Reading, England. Design and developmentThe Marathon originated as a design to meet the requirements of the Brabazon Committee. It was designed by Miles Aircraft Limited as a high-wing cantilever monoplane with four engines and all-metal construction. It was capable of carrying two crew and up to 20 passengers. The aircraft was designated the Miles M.60 Marathon with the first of three prototypes (registered U-10) flying on 19 May 1946. A total of 25 aircraft were ordered by the Ministry of Supply and 25 by British European Airways, but Miles had financial problems and needed orders for over 100, not helped when the prototype aircraft crashed and the power shortages led to the loss of components already produced. When the Miles company went bankrupt, Handley Page bought the assets, including the factory at Woodley near Reading, Berkshire and design rights to the Marathon. The new company, known as Handley Page (Reading) Limited, started producing the Marathon with 40 aircraft built over the next three years with the new designation Handley Page (Reading) H.P.R.1 Marathon 1. A twin-engine prototype turboprop-powered version (using the Armstrong Siddeley Mamba) was flown in 1949. Operational historyThe first production Marathon 1 aircraft (registered G-ALUB) left Woodley on 14 January 1950 for a sales tour of Australia and New Zealand. The aircraft was painted in BEA markings as "Rob Roy" in September 1951 and was demonstrated to the airline at Heathrow. During acceptance tests for British European Airways it was decided that the Marathon was not suitable to replace the de Havilland Dragon Rapide and the order was reduced to seven aircraft, none of which were accepted by BEA.[1] Six Marathons were delivered to the West African Airways Corporation in late 1952 for operation in and between the British colonies in that region. They were replaced in 1954 by de Havilland Herons. The last three production aircraft were given increased tankage and sold to Union of Burma Airways which operated them in the region for several years.[2] Most of the returned and unsold aircraft were then diverted for use by the Royal Air Force as navigation trainers with the designation Marathon T.11. After internal modifications, most of the 28 aircraft taken on charge from early 1953 were used by No. 2 Air Navigation School at RAF Thorney Island, Hants. A total of 16 aircraft were transferred to RAF Topcliffe, Yorks in June 1958 when No.1 Air Navigation School relocated there. By February 1969, only eight were airworthy. Apart from mechanical unreliability, the main problem was tail-heavy trim, an absolute ceiling of 9,500 feet, and a rate of climb of only 300 ft a minute. The navigational trainers were retired in April 1959 and most were quickly scrapped.[3] A few Marathons were operated by other UK military users including the Royal Aircraft Establishment. Three Marathons were acquired in 1955 by Derby Aviation, based at Burnaston airport near Derby and predecessor of British Midland Airways. The aircraft were used on scheduled services within the UK and to the Channel Islands until their withdrawal in December 1960. Two aircraft (G-ALVY/XA252 and G-AMER/XA261) were returned from the RAF to F.G. Miles at Shoreham for planned use on scheduled services but this failed to happen and they were scrapped in 1962. One aircraft was delivered to Jordan in September 1954 for the personal use of King Hussein. The Mamba-powered Marathon testbed was later fitted with Alvis Leonides Major radial engines and used as a testbed for the projected Herald. No surviving airframes are known to exist but the upper fuselage section of Marathon M.60 G-AMGW was stored at Woodley, United Kingdom as part of the Miles Collection c. 2000[4] Variants
Miles-built prototypes, two built.
Miles-built version powered by Mamba engines created for British European Airways, only one prototype built.
Miles M.69 re-engined by Handley Page and used as an engine testbed.
Handley Page-built production aircraft, 40 built.
Military navigation trainer version, 28 modified. OperatorsCivil operators
Military and government operators
Accidents and incidents
Specifications (Marathon 1){{aircraft specifications|ref=British Civil Aircraft since 1919: Volume 2.[7] |plane or copter?=plane |jet or prop?=prop |crew= |length main= 52 ft 1½ in |length alt= 15.89 m |span main= 65 ft 0 in |span alt= 19.81 m |height main= 14 ft 1 in |height alt= 4.29 m |area main= 468 ft² |area alt= 46.3 m² |empty weight main= 11,688 lb |empty weight alt= 5,313 kg |loaded weight main= |loaded weight alt= |max takeoff weight main= 18,250 lb |max takeoff weight alt= 8,295 kg |engine (prop)=de Havilland Gipsy Queen 70-3 |type of prop= inline piston |number of props=4 |power main= 340 hp |power alt= 254 kw |max speed main= 233 mph |max speed alt= 202 kn, 374 km/h |cruise speed main=201 mph |cruise speed alt=175 kn, 324 km/h |range main= 935 mi |range alt= 813 nmi, 1505 km |ceiling main= 18,000 ft |ceiling alt= 5,490 m |climb rate main= 595 ft/min |climb rate alt=3.0 m/s |loading main= |loading alt= |power/mass main= |power/mass alt= |armament= }} See also{{aircontent|related= |similar aircraft= |lists=
|see also= }} References
1. ^Jackson 1973, pp. 253–254. 2. ^Jackson 1973, pp. 254–255. 3. ^Thetford 1976, p. 307. 4. ^http://f-86.tripod.com/conundrum.htm 5. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Eastwood and Roach 1991, pp. 277–278. 6. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Halley 2001, pp. 5–6. 7. ^Jackson 1973, p. 256.
External links{{Commons category}}
8 : British airliners 1940–1949|British military trainer aircraft 1940–1949|Handley Page aircraft|Miles aircraft|Four-engined tractor aircraft|Aircraft first flown in 1946|High-wing aircraft|Four-engined piston aircraft |
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