“Harissa (dish)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Harissa (dish)

释义

Etymology
Outside Armenia
References

{{About|the Armenian dish|the Tunisian sauce|Harissa (sauce)}}{{Merge|Harees|discussion=Talk:Harissa (dish)#Merger proposal|date=February 2018}}Harissa ({{Lang-hy|հարիսա|harisa}}) is an Armenian dish from the Ararat plain. It is a thick porridge made from korkot (dried or roasted cracked wheat) and fat-rich meat, usually chicken or lamb. Herbs were substituted for meat in harissa when Armenian religious days required fasting and penance. The extremely long cooking process is an essential part of the harissa tradition. Like other ritual dishes, the time taken for preparation is part of its cherished value.^[1]

Etymology

Harissa came from the word Harees ({{lang-ar|هريس}}) is derived from the verb ({{lang-ar|هَرَسَ|Harasa}}) which means to mash or to squash.^[2]

The dish has been passed on since ancient times. Stories differ as to the origins of the dish. According to Armenian lore, the patron saint of Armenia, Gregory the Illuminator, was offering a meal of love and charity to the poor. There weren't enough sheep to feed the crowds so wheat was added to the cooking pots. They noticed that the wheat was sticking to the bottom of the cauldrons. Saint Gregory advised, "Harekh! Stir it!" Thus, the name of the dish, harissa, came from the saint's own words. Harissa has been offered as a charity meal ever since.^[1] The dish is traditionally served on Easter day. It is still prepared by many Armenians around the world and is also considered the national dish of Armenia.

Outside Armenia

Harissa is known for helping the Armenians of Musa Ler to survive during the resistance of 1915.^[3]

Harissa is also very common in Lebanese villages, across its different ethnic communities, where it is usually cooked on religious occasions in a big pot in a village gathering. Additionally, Harissa is used by the Assyrians as a dish on Eeda Zoora, Christmas, and Eeda Gura, Easter. Harissa is very similar to a popular dish among Arab countries of the Persian Gulf known as harees which is made of meat and finely ground wheat.

Harise is also a common dish in Iraqi cuisine.

Harissa is very famous in Kashmir and it is prepared during winter.^[4]

It is similar to kashkeg, a kind of homogeneous porridge made of previously stewed and boned chicken or lamb and coarsely ground soaked wheat (typically shelled wheat).

References

1. ^¹{{cite book|title=Armenian food: fact, fiction & folklore|year=2006|publisher=Yerkir Pub.|location=Bloomington, Ind.|isbn=9781411698659|author=Irina Petrosian, David Underwood|edition=2.|page=65}}
2. ^{{cite web|last1=Team|first1=Almaany|title=Definition and meaning of Harees in Arabic - Arabic dictionary - Page 1|url=https://www.almaany.com/ar/dict/ar-ar/%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3/|website=www.almaany.com|language=en}}
3. ^{{cite book|last=Albala|first=Ken|title=Food cultures of the world encyclopedia|year=2011|publisher=Greenwood|location=Santa Barbara, California|isbn=9780313376276|page=8}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://scroll.in/article/823623/harissa-the-traditional-winter-delicacy-that-warms-up-a-cold-kashmiri-morning|title=It's harissa time again: Savour the traditional winter delicacy that warms up cold Kashmiri mornings}}

5 : Armenian cuisine|Western Armenian cuisine|Ancient dishes|Wheat dishes|National dishes

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