| 词条 | Harriet Zuckerman |
| 释义 |
}}Harriet Zuckerman (born July 19, 1937) is an American sociologist who specializes in the sociology of science.[1] She is Senior Vice President of the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and professor emerita of Columbia University. LifeHarriet Zuckerman received her A.B. degree from Vassar College and Ph.D. from Columbia University. She was professor of sociology at Columbia and chaired the department in 1978–1982. In 1991, she joined the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, of which she is the Senior Vice President. Zuckerman's research has focused on the social organization of science and scholarship. She is the author of the 1977 book, Scientific Elite: Nobel Laureates in the United States. This book, in addition to being a study of a scientific elite, constitutes a fascinating introduction to the phenomenon of multiple discovery, particularly in science and technology. Its findings, particularly in relation to "accumulation of advantage", are relevant to the question of eminence, exceptional achievement, and greatness.[2] Zuckerman was married to the late sociologist of science, Robert K. Merton. As a result of the Matilda effect, Zuckerman is also credited by Merton as the co-author of the Matthew effect.[3] See also
Notes1. ^Synonyms for the term "sociology of science" include "science of science" ("Science of Science Cyberinfrastructure Portal... at Indiana University" {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130219224025/http://sci.slis.indiana.edu/ |date=February 19, 2013 }}; Maria Ossowska and Stanisław Ossowski, "The Science of Science," 1935, reprinted in Bohdan Walentynowicz, ed., Polish Contributions to the Science of Science, Boston, D. Reidel Publishing Company, 1982, pp. 82-95) and the back-formed term "logology" (Christopher Kasparek, "Prus' Pharaoh: the Creation of a Historical Novel", The Polish Review, vol. XXXIX, no. 1, 1994, note 3, pp. 45-46; Stefan Zamecki, Komentarze do naukoznawczych poglądów Williama Whewella (1794–1866): studium historyczno-metodologiczne [Commentaries to the Logological Views of William Whewell (1794–1866): A Historical-Methodological Study], Warsaw, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2012, {{ISBN|978-83-86062-09-6}}, [English-language] summary, pp. 741-43). The term "logology" provides convenient grammatical variants not available with the earlier terms: i.e., "logologist", "to logologize", "logological", "logologically". 2. ^Harriet Zuckerman, Scientific Elite: Nobel Laureates in the United States, 1977, pp. 61, 248, 250. 3. ^http://garfield.library.upenn.edu/merton/matthewii.pdf References
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7 : 1937 births|American sociologists|Vassar College alumni|Columbia University alumni|Guggenheim Fellows|Living people|Women sociologists |
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