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词条 Healthy People program
释义

  1. Healthy People 2010

  2. Healthy People 2010 and Healthy People 2020

  3. References

  4. External links

Healthy People is a program of a nationwide health-promotion and disease-prevention goals set by the United States Department of Health and Human Services. The goals were first set in 1979 "in response to an emerging consensus among scientists and health authorities that national health priorities should emphasize disease prevention". The Healthy People program was originally issued by the Department of Health, Education and Welfare (DHEW). This first issue contained "a report announcing goals for a ten-year plan to reduce controllable health risks. In its section on nutrition, the report recommended diets with fewer calories; less saturated fat, cholesterol, salt, and sugar; relatively more complex carbohydrates, fish and poultry; and less red meat." Though this recommended diet consisted of more processed foods rather than fresh produce, the report advised for consumers to "be wary of processed foods".[1] The goals were subsequently updated for Healthy People 2000, Healthy People 2010, and Healthy People 2020.[2]Healthy People 2010, started in January 2000 by the United States Department of Health and Human Services, was a set of nationwide health-promotion and disease-prevention goals to be achieved by the year 2010.[2] Programs such as HealthCorps grew out of this plan.[3]

Healthy People 2010

Healthy People 2010 "was developed through a broad consultation process, built on the best scientific knowledge and designed to measure programs over time".[4] It is composed of 467 specific objectives organized into 28 focus areas, as well as two overarching goals.[2] The two goals are:[5]

  • "increase quality and years of healthy life"
  • "eliminate health disparities"

To track the Healthy People 2010 objectives, national data are being gathered from 190 sources.[6] Ten "Leading Health Indicators" reflect major health concerns:[7]

  • physical activity
  • overweight and obesity
  • tobacco use
  • substance abuse
  • responsible sexual behavior
  • mental health
  • injury and violence
  • environmental quality
  • immunization
  • access to health care

The campaign identifies 6 major factors (Social Identities) that contribute to disparities in the health of Americans:[8]

  • gender
  • race or ethnicity
  • education or income
  • disability
  • geographic location
  • sexual orientation

Healthy People 2010 and Healthy People 2020

Healthy People 2010 expanded and updated the 1979 "Healthy People" and 1990 "Healthy People 2000" efforts;[4] for example, the Healthy People 2000 goal of "reducing health disparities" was strengthened in Healthy People 2010 to "eliminate health disparities".[9]

Healthy People 2020 expanded on Healthy People 2010 and was presented on 2 December 2010.[10]

References

1. ^{{cite journal|last1=Nestle|first1=Marion|title=Food Lobbies, the Food Pyramid, and U.S. Nutrition Policy|journal=International Journal of Health Services|date=1993|volume=23|issue=3|pages=483–95|url=http://www.foodpolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/LobbiesPyramid_IntJHealthServ_94.pdf|accessdate=3 April 2015}}
2. ^1 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics. [https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/about/otheract/hpdata2010/abouthp.htm About Healthy People 2010.] Accessed 2009 Jan 18.
3. ^The Saturday Evening Post, November/December 2007
4. ^1 2 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. What is Healthy People? {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090117035500/http://healthypeople.gov/About/whatis.htm |date=2009-01-17 }} Accessed 2009 Jan 18.
5. ^U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. What are its goals? {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090117035328/http://healthypeople.gov/About/goals.htm |date=2009-01-17 }} Accessed 2009 Jan 18.
6. ^U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Data overview. Accessed 2009 Jan 18.
7. ^U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. What are the Leading Health Indicators? Accessed 2009 Jan 18.
8. ^U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. A systematic approach to health improvement. In: Healthy People 2010. 2nd ed. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2000 November. Accessed 2009 Jan 18.
9. ^National Center for Health Statistics. [https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hp2000/hp2k01.pdf Healthy People 2000 final review.] Hyattsville, MD: Public Health Service, 2001. Accessed 2009 Jan 18.
10. ^U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion.   Accessed 2011 Sept 16.

External links

  • Healthy People.gov Official web site
  • Healthy People 2010 Information Access Project

2 : Health campaigns‎|United States Department of Health and Human Services
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