“Clean and jerk”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Clean and jerk

释义

Clean
Jerk
Variants
World records
See also
References
External links

The clean and jerk is a composite of two weightlifting movements, most often performed with a barbell: the clean and the jerk. During the clean, the lifter moves the barbell from the floor to a racked position across the deltoids, without resting fully on the clavicles. During the jerk the lifter raises the barbell to a stationary position above the head, finishing with straight arms and legs, and the feet in the same plane as the torso and barbell.

Of the several variants of the lift, the most common is the Olympic clean and jerk, which, with the snatch, is contested in Olympic weightlifting events.

Clean

To execute a clean, a lifter grasps the barbell just outside the legs, typically using a hook grip. Once the barbell is above the knees, the lifter extends explosively, raising the bar as high as possible before quickly dropping into a squat and receiving it in a "racked" position in front of the neck and resting on the shoulders. To complete the clean, the lifter stands, often propelling the bar upward from the shoulders slightly as the erect position is attained and shifting the grip slightly wider and the feet slightly closer together in preparation for the jerk.^[1]

Jerk

The jerk begins from the "front rack" position, which is the finishing position of the clean. The lifter dips a few inches by bending the knees, keeping the back vertical, and then explosively extends the knees, propelling the barbell upward off the shoulders, and then quickly dropping underneath the bar by pushing upward with the arms and splitting the legs into a lunge position, one forward and one back. The bar is received overhead on straight arms, and, once stable, the lifter recovers from the split position, bringing the feet back into the same plane as the rest of the body.

Variants

;Jerk

Another variation of the jerk besides the split jerk also described as the power jerk, in which the lifter receives the bar overhead in a partial squat, with the feet in the same plane as the bar rather than split forward and back. This is usually, but not always, accompanied by a significant lateral movement of the feet for increased stability. When the bar is received in a full squat position, it is referred to as the squat jerk

;Clean

{{anchor|power_clean}}The power clean, a weight training exercise not used in competition, refers to any variant of the clean in which the lifter does not catch the bar in a full squat position (commonly accepted as thighs parallel to the floor or below). The hang clean, another weight training exercise, begins with the barbell off the ground, hanging from the arms. Both power and hang cleans are considered to be ideal for sports conditioning; as they are both total body exercises that have been known to increase neuromuscular co-ordination and core stability.

The Continental clean involves lifting the bar from the floor to the final clean position by any method of the lifter's choosing so long as the bar is not upended and does not touch the ground. The bar may be rested on the legs, stomach, or belt. Hands may be removed and replaced.^[2]

World records

Men

Weight Class	Name	Lift
56 kg	Om Yun Chol	171\|kg\|lb}}
62 kg	Chen Lijun	183\|kg\|lb}}
69 kg	Liao Hui	198\|kg\|lb}}
77 kg	Nijat Rahimov	214\|kg\|lb}}
85 kg	Kianoush Rostami	220.\|kg\|lb}}
94 kg	Sohrab Moradi	233\|kg\|lb}}
105 kg	Ilya Ilyin	246\|kg\|lb}}
105+ kg	Hossein Rezazadeh	{{convert\|264\|kg\|lb\|abbr=}}

Women

Weight Class	Name	Lift
48 kg	Nurcan Taylan	121\|kg\|lb}}
53 kg	Zulfiya Chinshanlo	134\|kg\|lb}}
58 kg	Kuo Hsing-chun	142\|kg\|lb}}
63 kg	Deng Wei	147\|kg\|lb}}
69 kg	Liu Chunhong	158\|kg\|lb}}
75 kg	Kim Un-Ju	164\|kg\|lb}}
75+ kg	Tatiana Kashirina	193\|kg\|lb}}

¹ This is the official world record for the Clean and Jerk in the Men's 105 kg+ category; the highest weight ever lifted in the Clean and Jerk is {{convert|266|kg|lb}} in 1988 by Leonid Taranenko of the Soviet Union, but this is no longer considered a world record by the International Weightlifting Federation due to the restructuring of weight classes in 1993 and 1998.

^[3]

References

1. ^{{cite book|last1=Everett|first1=Greg|title=Olympic weightlifting for sports|date=2012|publisher=Catalyst Athletics|location=[Sunnyvale, CA]|isbn=9780980011142}}
2. ^{{cite book|title=Official Rulebook of the USAWA|year=2014|publisher=Al Myers|section=section A21|url=http://www.usawa.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/RULEBOOK-8th-Edition.pdf|edition=8th}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.iwf.net/2008/06/24/iwf-eliminates-world-standards-from-world-record-list/|title=IWF eliminates World Standards from World Record list|publisher=}}

External links

[https://sportsedtv.com/sport/weightlifting/how-to-clean-jerk HOW TO CLEAN AND JERK VIDEO]

Olympic Clean and Jerk Techniques

{{Strength Sports}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Clean And Jerk}}Gewichtheben#StoßenHaltérophilie#Épaulé-jetéHalterofilismo#Arremesso

1 : Weightlifting

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