| 词条 | Heinrich Menu von Minutoli |
| 释义 |
|name=Heinrich Menu von Minutoli |birth_date=12 May 1772 |death_date= {{Death date and age|df=yes|1846|9|16|1772|5|12}} |caption= |birth_place=Geneva |death_place=Lausanne |image=HeinrichFreiherrvonMenu.JPG |allegiance=Prussia |branch=Army |serviceyears=1786–1793, 1794 to post-1820s |rank=Generalleutnant (at retirement) |unit=field artillery, infantry |commands=Berlin officer cadet corps (1797–1820) |battles=Gustavsburg (War of the First Coalition) |awards= |relations=Julius, Adolph and Alexander |laterwork=Archaeologist and expedition leader (during army service) }} Heinrich Menu (from 1820 Freiherr) von Minutoli (12 May 1772, Geneva – 16 September 1846, Lausanne) was a Prussian Generalmajor, explorer and archaeologist. LifeMinutoli initially received a wholly private education, then attended secondary school in Karlsruhe (1782 to 1784) and was instructed in military matters by an Austrian captain in the engineers. In 1786, aged 14, he entered on his first years in Prussian military service, as a result of patronage from his uncle Moritz, a Prussian general. He served as a bombardier for two years in the field artillery corps, then received officer training in an infantry regiment stationed in Magdeburg from 1789. Also from this date, because the training did not intellectually satisfy him, he learned Greek, Latin, Italian and English. He was invalided out of the military at only 21, however, after suffering a serious arm injury in the defence of fort Gustavsburg in Mainz on 29 June 1793 during the Siege of Mainz. He was called up again in 1794 as Stabskapitän, teacher and instructor at the officer cadet corps in Berlin for nobles, heading it from 1797. Friedrich Wilhelm III appointed him tutor to his son 9 year old Carl in 1810. Minutoli was highly interested in ancient art and, after prince Carl had reached adulthood, Minutoli undertook numerous foreign trips. He was entrusted in 1820 with the direction of an expedition that until August 1821 was paid for by the Egyptian government. The scientists Wilhelm Friedrich Hemprich and Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg, the architecture professor Liman and the Orientalist Scholz, among others, accompanied him. Minutoli's collections, of which a large part was lost in a shipwreck, were purchased by the king of Prussia for 22,000 talers and formed the foundation of the Egyptian Museum in Berlin. Minutoli was appointed a member of the academy of the sciences, and soon retired (with the rank of Generalleutnant) to an estate in Lausanne, where he died in 1846. Works
IssueHeinrich Menu von Minutoli married Wolfradine von Schulenburg (who also became known as an Egyptologist) and they had three sons: Julius (a Berlin chief of police and envoy to the Qajar court in Persia), Adolph and Alexander. Further reading
External links
12 : 19th-century Swiss people|Swiss writers|Swiss art historians|Swiss classical scholars|Swiss explorers|Lieutenant generals of Prussia|Swiss Egyptologists|Swiss archaeologists|Swiss nobility|People from Geneva|1772 births|1846 deaths |
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