| 词条 | Hellmuth Heye |
| 释义 |
|name=Hellmuth Heye |birth_date={{birth date|1895|8|9|df=y}} |death_date= {{death date and age|1970|11|10|1895|8|9|df=y}} |birth_place=Beckingen |death_place=Mittelheim |image=Bundesarchiv Bild 183-L17874, Heye (crop).jpg |image_size=160px |caption= |nickname= |allegiance={{flag|German Empire}} {{flag|Weimar Republic}} {{flag|Nazi Germany}} |branch={{navy|German Empire}} {{navy|Weimar Republic}} {{navy|Nazi Germany}} |serviceyears=1914–45 |rank=Vice admiral |commands=Admiral Hipper |unit= |battles=World War I World War II
|awards=Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross |relations=Wilhelm Heye (father) |laterwork=}} Hellmuth Guido Alexander Heye (9 August 1895 – 10 November 1970) was a German admiral in World War II and politician in post-war Germany. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany. Naval careerHeye graduated from high school in Berlin in early 1914 and immediately joined the Imperial Navy. From April 1939 to September 1940 he commanded the Heavy Cruiser Admiral Hipper. While taking his ship to Trondheim in April 1940 to land invasion troops there (Operation Weserübung), he encountered the British destroyer {{HMS|Glowworm|H92|2}} and sank it. Heye sent a message to the British Admiralty through the Red Cross praising the gallantry of Glowworms commander and crew, and this contributed to LtCdr Gerard Roope receiving the earliest Victoria Cross of World War II, although the award was not made until 1945.[1] In 1942 Heye was promoted to Vice Admiral, and from September to November 1942 he was commanding admiral of the German naval forces in the Black Sea. From April 1944 onward he was commanding admiral of the small naval combat forces, which included mini-submarines, combat divers, etc. He received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 18 January 1941. Civilian careerAfter the war Heye published a number of works on naval strategy, history and warfare as a member of the Naval Historical Team. He subsequently advised the German government on issues concerning the establishment and organization of a new military. In 1953 he joined the centrist party CDU (Christian Democratic Union) of Chancellor Konrad Adenauer and represented this party in the Federal Parliament (Bundestag) from 1953 to 1961, elected for the district of Wilhelmshaven-Friesland. On 8 November 1961 the Bundestag elected him unanimously as its Ombudsman for the Military (Wehrbeauftragter). In the autumn of 1964, Heye published a series of articles in the German news journal Quick, warning of a risk of the German military once again drifting into isolation from society at large. This triggered a vigorous and sharply worded debate between him and the ministry of defense. Frustrated by what he perceived to be inadequate support from Parliament, Heye resigned his position on 10 November 1964.[2] Awards
ReferencesCitations1. ^[https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/37170/supplement/3557 London Gazette] 2. ^{{Cite news|journal=Der Spiegel |volume= 46|year=1964 |title=Hellmuth Guido Alexander Heye |url=http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-46176038.html | language=German|accessdate=29 June 2013}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Dörr 1995, p. 240. 4. ^Fellgiebel 2000, p. 226. 5. ^Scherzer 2007, p. 389. Bibliography{{refbegin}}
|last=Dörr |first=Manfred |year=1995 |title=Die Ritterkreuzträger der Überwasserstreitkräfte der Kriegsmarine—Band 1: A–K |trans-title=The Knight's Cross Bearers of the Surface Forces of the Navy—Volume 1: A–K |language=German |location=Osnabrück, Germany |publisher=Biblio Verlag |isbn=978-3-7648-2453-2 }}
|last=Fellgiebel |first=Walther-Peer |authorlink=Walther-Peer Fellgiebel |year=2000 |title=Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 — Die Inhaber der höchsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile |trans-title=The Bearers of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939–1945 — The Owners of the Highest Award of the Second World War of all Wehrmacht Branches |language=German |location=Friedberg, Germany |publisher=Podzun-Pallas |isbn=978-3-7909-0284-6 }}
|last1=Nietrug |first1=Gerd |title=Die Ritterkreuzträger des Saarlandes 1939 – 1945 |trans-title=The Knight's Cross Bearers of the Saarland 1939 – 1945 |language=German |year=2004 |publisher=VDM Nickel |location=Zweibrücken, Germany |isbn=978-3-925480-93-5 }}
|last=Scherzer |first=Veit |year=2007 |title=Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives |trans-title=The Knight's Cross Bearers 1939–1945 The Holders of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 by Army, Air Force, Navy, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm and Allied Forces with Germany According to the Documents of the Federal Archives |language=German |location=Jena, Germany |publisher=Scherzers Militaer-Verlag |isbn=978-3-938845-17-2 }}{{refend}} External links
| portal1=Biography | portal2=Military of Germany | portal3=World War I | portal4=World War II }}{{DEFAULTSORT:Heye, Hellmuth}} 15 : 1895 births|1970 deaths|People from the Rhine Province|People from Merzig-Wadern|Vice admirals of the Kriegsmarine|German military personnel of World War I|Imperial German Navy personnel|Recipients of the clasp to the Iron Cross, 1st class|Recipients of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross|Officers of the Order of the Crown (Romania)|Recipients of the Friedrich-August-Kreuz, 2nd class|Christian Democratic Union of Germany politicians|Members of the Bundestag for Lower Saxony|Reichsmarine personnel|Naval Historical Team members |
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