| 词条 | Clemens August of Bavaria |
| 释义 |
| type = Bishop | honorific_prefix = | name = Clemens August of Bavaria | honorific_suffix = | title = Archbishop of Cologne | image = Clemens August of Bavaria as Grand Master of Teutonic Knights.PNG | image_size = | alt = | caption = | native_name = | native_name_lang = | church = Roman Catholic Church | archdiocese = Cologne | province = | metropolis = | diocese = | see = Cologne | elected = | appointed = 1723 | term = | term_start = | enthroned = | term_end = 1761 | quashed = | retired = | predecessor = | successor = | opposed = | other_post = | ordination = | ordained_by = | consecration = | consecrated_by = | cardinal = | created_cardinal_by = | rank = | birth_name = | birth_date = 17 August 1700 | birth_place = | death_date = 6 February 1761 | death_place = | buried = | tomb = | resting_place_coordinates = | nationality = | religion = | residence = | parents = | spouse = | partner = | children = | occupation = | profession = | previous_post = | education = | alma_mater = | motto = | signature = | signature_alt = | coat_of_arms = | coat_of_arms_alt = | feast_day = | venerated = | saint_title = | beatified_date = | beatified_place = | beatified_by = | canonized_date = | canonized_place = | canonized_by = | attributes = | patronage = | shrine = | suppressed_date = | module = | other = }} Clemens August of Bavaria ({{lang-de|Clemens August von Bayern}}) (17 August 1700 – 6 February 1761) was a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty of Bavaria and Archbishop-Elector of Cologne. BiographyClemens August (Clementus Augustus) was born in Brussels, the son of Elector Maximilian II Emanuel of Bavaria and Theresa Kunegunda Sobieska and the grandson of King John III Sobieski of Poland. His family was split during the War of the Spanish Succession and was for many years under house arrest in Austria; only in 1715 did the family become re-united. His uncle Joseph Clemens, Elector and Archbishop of Cologne, saw to it that Clemens August received several appointments in Altötting, the Diocese of Regensburg, and at the Prince-Provostry of Berchtesgaden, and he soon received papal confirmation as Bishop of Regensburg, and later of Cologne. As Archbishop of Cologne, he was one of the Electors, a Prince-Bishop of Münster, Hildesheim, and Osnabrück, and a Grand Master of the Teutonic Order. Clemens August, who mostly sided with the Austrian Habsburg-Lorraine side during the War of the Austrian Succession, personally crowned his brother Charles VII emperor at Frankfurt in 1742. After Charles's death in 1745, Clemens August then again leaned toward Austria. Over time, Clemens August changed more frequently the alliances, as of Allied of Austria or France, also under the influence of his frequently changing First Ministers and high donations. He died in Festung Ehrenbreitstein in 1761. In March 1761, shortly after his death, Pope Clement XIII rejected the succession of Clemens August's brother Cardinal John Theodore of Bavaria as Archbishop and Prince-Elector of Cologne since the pope entertained some doubt on John Theodore's "moral conduct". This was the end of the reign of the Wittelsbach in Cologne after 178 years of continuous rule. In his will, Clemens August donated only to his successor as Elector and the court chamber of the Electorate of Cologne, but not the Elector of Bavaria. His nephew Maximilian III. Joseph then tried to challenge the will before the Supreme Court of Appeal, however, this failed on 23 January 1767. Cultural legacyClemens August patronised the arts; among others he ordered to build the palaces of Augustusburg and Falkenlust in Brühl, North Rhine-Westphalia, listed on the UNESCO cultural world heritage list, and the church of St Michael in Berg am Laim in Munich. Ludwig van Beethoven's Flemish grandfather became a musician in Bonn during the reign of Clemens August. Illegitimate childrenClemens August and his mistress Mechthild Brion had a daughter:
External links{{commons category|Clemens August of Bavaria}}Ancestors{{ahnentafel|collapsed=yes |align=center |boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc; |boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9; |boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc; |boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe; |1= 1. Clemens August of Bavaria |2= 2. Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria |3= 3. Teresa Kunegunda Sobieska |4= 4. Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria |5= 5. Henriette Adelaide of Savoy |6= 6. John III Sobieski |7= 7. Marie Casimire Louise de la Grange d'Arquien |8= 8. Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria |9= 9. Maria Anna of Austria |10= 10. Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy |11= 11. Christine Marie of France |12= 12. Jakub Sobieski |13= 13. Zofia Teofillia Daniłowicz |14= 14. Henri Albert de La Grange d'Arquien |15= 15. Françoise de la Châtre |16= 16. William V, Duke of Bavaria |17= 17. Renata of Lorraine |18= 18. Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor |19= 19. Maria Anna of Bavaria |20= 20. Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy |21= 21. Catherine Micaela of Spain |22= 22. Henry IV of France |23= 23. Marie de' Medici |24= 24. Marek Sobieski |25= 25. Jadwiga Snopkowska |26= 26. Jan Daniłowicz |27= 27. Zofia Żółkiewska |28= 28. Antoine de La Grange d'Arquien |29= 29. Anne d'Ancienville |30= 30. Baptiste de La Châtre of Bruillebault |31= 31. Gabrielle Lamy de Loury[1] }} BibliographyAlessandro Cont, La Chiesa dei principi. Le relazioni tra Reichskirche, dinastie sovrane tedesche e stati italiani (1688-1763), preface of Elisabeth Garms-Cornides, Trento, Provincia autonoma di Trento, 2018, pp. 57-92, https://www.academia.edu/38170694/La_Chiesa_dei_principi._Le_relazioni_tra_Reichskirche_dinastie_sovrane_tedesche_e_stati_italiani_1688-1763_prefazione_di_Elisabeth_Garms-Cornides_Trento_Provincia_autonoma_di_Trento_2018 References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.geneall.net/F/ |title=GeneAll.net - France |publisher=Geneall.net |date= |accessdate=2012-05-28}} External links
|-{{s-ttl|title=Prince-Bishop of Hildesheim|years=1723–61}}{{s-vac|next={{Interlanguage link multi|Frederick William of Westphalia|de|3=Friedrich Wilhelm von Westphalen}}}}{{s-bef|before=Ernest Augustus, Duke of York and Albany|as=administrator}}{{s-ttl|title=Prince-Bishop of Osnabrück |years=1728–61}}{{s-vac|next=Frederick, Duke of York and Albany|as=administrator}}{{s-bef|before=Louis Francis of Palatinate-Neuburg}}{{s-ttl|title=Grand Master of the Teutonic Order |years=1732–1761}}{{s-vac|next=Charles Alexander of Lorraine}}{{s-end}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Clemens August of Bavaria}} 15 : 1700 births|1761 deaths|Dukes of Bavaria|House of Wittelsbach|Archbishop-Electors of Cologne|Prince-Bishops of Paderborn|Roman Catholic Prince-Bishops of Osnabrück|18th-century Roman Catholic archbishops|Grand Masters of the Teutonic Order|Münster|People from Brussels|Burials at Cologne Cathedral|Prince-Bishops of Münster|Roman Catholic bishops of Regensburg|Prince-Bishops of Hildesheim |
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