1. Life

2. Works

3. References

4. External links

Hermynia Zur Mühlen, or Hermynia zur Mühlen, born as Hermine Isabelle Maria Gräfin Folliot de Crenneville, also Folliot de Crenneville-Poutet (December 12, 1883 – March 20, 1951) was an Austrian writer and translator. She translated over seventy books into German from English, Russian and French, including work by Upton Sinclair, John Galsworthy, Jerome K. Jerome, Harold Nicolson, Max Eastman and Edna Ferber.^[1] She has been characterised as "one of the best known women writers of the Weimar Republic.".^[2] A committed socialist from a Viennese aristocratic Catholic family, she was sometimes called the Red Countess.

Life

The Countess Folliot de Crenneville, born in Vienna, was the great granddaughter of Louis Charles Folliot de Crenneville, a French-born general who fought for Habsburg Austria in the Napoleonic Wars. Her maternal grandfather was the diplomat Ferdinand, Count von Wydenbruck, who had married a politically liberal woman from the Anglo-Irish gentry. Growing up in the Governorate of Estonia, where her father was a diplomat, she was sent aged 30 to a sanatorium in Davos. Here she began a career of translation into German, translating an anti-war novel by Leonid Andreyev, and in 1918 King Coal by Upton Sinclair. An unhappy marriage to Viktor von zur Mühlen, a conservative German landowner, was officially ended in 1923. By this time she had met Stefan Klein, a German Jew and fellow translator who would be her partner for the rest of her life.^[1]

Zur Mühlen wrote six detective novels under the name Lawrence H. Desberry, and collections of fairy tales interpreted from a radical perspective. She also wrote anecdotes, sketches and feuilletons for periodical publication. She published an autobiographical memoir, End und Anfang, in 1929, in which the new beginning is that of the Russian Revolution. Though she quietly left the Communist Party around 1931 or 1932, she remained committed to socialism.^[1]

Zur Mühlen and Klein left Germany for Vienna in 1933. Zur Mühlen refused to agree to S. Fischer Verlag's appeal that she follow Thomas Mann, Alfred Döblin, René Schickele and Stefan Klein in undertaking not to write in émigré magazines:^[1]

Works

• Schupomann Karl Müller (1924)
• [https://archive.org/details/FairyTalesForWorkersChildren Fairy tales for workers' children] Chicago, Ill., Daily Worker Pub. Co. 1925
• Unsere Töchter, die Nazinnen Our Daughters, the Nazis (1935). "Unsere Töchter die Nazinen." A Synopsis in English, With an Introduction. By Lionel Gossman, Princeton University.
• We Poor Shadows (1943)
• Came the Stranger (1946)

References

• Bloomsbury Guide to Women's Literature
• Lionel Gossman, "The Red Countess: Four Stories," Common Knowledge, vol. 15 (2009), 59-91.
• Ailsa Wallace, Hermynia Zur Muhlen: The Guises of Socialist Fiction (Oxford University Press, 2009)
• Manfred Altner, Hermynia Zur Muhlen; Eine Biographie, (Bern: Peter Lang, 1997)

External links

• {{OL author}}
• Liebe Genossin: Hermynia Zur Mühlen: a Writer of Courage and Conviction by Lionel Gossman
• Lionel Grossman, The End and the Beginning: a Memoir. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2010. [https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0007]

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