| 释义 |
- Description
- Habits
- Taxonomy
- Status
- Cited references
- See also
- References
{{Italic title}}{{Speciesbox
| name = Pasha
| image = Herona marathus ( PASHA) 2010 05 05 IMG 9999 263 balakrishnan valappil (7680730542).jpg
| taxon = Herona marathus
| authority = (Doubleday, 1848)
| synonyms =
}}Herona marathus, the pasha is a species of nymphalid butterfly found in India. DescriptionThe adults are dark brown above with two yellow or white discal bands on forewing and hindwing. They have a basal streak in vein 1b of forewing. Underside of forewing, in vein 5 with white streak in outer half till the termen. HabitsIt is fairly common up to 4000 ft (1200 m) in the Sikkim-Darjeeling area. Most frequent between 2000–3000 ft (600–900 m). It is very fond of over-ripe fruits. Visits damp patches for puddling. According to Haribal (1992), when disturbed it sits with head down and wings close to tree trunks and thus perfectly camouflaged. Very difficult to catch/locate in this stage. Haribal (1992) saw it in Chungthang and Mangan area of Sikkim. TaxonomyTwo subspecies are recorded in India:[1] - H. m. marathus Doubleday Wingspan 70–90 mm. Above bands tawny, very wide and confluent. It lives from Sikkim to eastwards.
- H. m. angustata Moore. Above bands tawny, narrow. Discal bands on hindwing and outer band on forewing macular. Bands in males whitish while in female white. It lives in the Andamans.
StatusThe nominate subspecies is not rare (Evans, 1932). Cited references1. ^{{cite book |last=Evans |first1=W.H. |authorlink=William Harry Evans |title=The Identification of Indian Butterflies |edition=2nd |location=Mumbai, India |publisher=Bombay Natural History Society |year=1932 |page=147, ser no F8.1 }}
See also- Nymphalidae
- List of butterflies of India (Nymphalidae)
References- {{cite web |url=http://www.nhm.ac.uk/our-science/data/lepindex/ |title=The Global Lepidoptera Names Index (LepIndex) |last1=Beccaloni |first1=George |last2=Scoble |first2=Malcolm |last3=Kitching |first3=Ian |last4=Simonsen |first4=Thomas |last5=Robinson |first5=Gaden |last6=Pitkin |first6=Brian |last7=Hine |first7=Adrian |last8=Lyal |first8=Chris |publisher=Natural History Museum, London |accessdate=2016-10-15 }}
- {{cite book |last=Evans |first1=W.H. |authorlink=William Harry Evans |title=The Identification of Indian Butterflies |edition=2nd |location=Mumbai, India |publisher=Bombay Natural History Society |year=1932 }}
- {{cite book |last=Haribal |first=Meena |title=The Butterflies of Sikkim Himalaya and Their Natural History |location=Gangtok, Sikkim, India |publisher=Sikkim Nature Conservation Foundation |year=1992 }}
- {{cite web |url=http://www.nic.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ |title=Markku Savela's website on Lepidoptera }}
- {{cite book|last=Wynter-Blyth |first=Mark Alexander |authorlink=Mark Alexander Wynter-Blyth |title=Butterflies of the Indian Region |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yEkgAQAAMAAJ |year=1957 |location=Bombay, India |publisher=Bombay Natural History Society |isbn=978-8170192329 }}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q922307}}{{Apaturinae-stub}} 3 : Herona|Butterflies of India|Butterflies described in 1848 |