| 词条 | Clintonia |
| 释义 |
|image = Clintonia borealis, Minnesota.jpg |image_caption = Clintonia borealis |display_parents = 2 |taxon = Clintonia |authority = Raf. 1818 not Douglas ex Lindl. 1829 (syn of Downingia in Campanulaceae)[1] |synonyms_ref=[2] |synonyms=*Hylocharis Regel & Tiling
}}Clintonia is a genus of flowering plants first described as a genus in 1818.[2][3] It is distributed across North America and eastern Asia[4] where it is found as an understory plant in woodlands. It was named after De Witt Clinton, an 18th-century botanist and U.S. politician.[5] DescriptionClintonia species are herbaceous perennials growing from rhizomatous underground stems with thin, fibrous roots. They grow from 1.5 to 8 dm tall. They have 2 to 6 basal leaves arising from the rhizome crown, the basal leaves are sessile and sheathing, and the cauline leaves have a stalk. The blade of each leaf has a prominent central vein and entire margins, and the bottom ends are obovate to oblanceolate in shape. The leaf apex is acute to abruptly short-acuminate, often mucronate (ending abruptly in a short sharp point). The inflorescences are terminal, and the flowers are arranged into short racemes or umbel-like clusters, with 1 to 45 flowers. The flowers have 6 tepals with nectaries present. The stamens are inserted at the base of the perianth, and the anthers are oblong-obovate to oblong-linear shaped. The rounded to cylinder shaped ovary is superior with two chambers (sometime three). Each chamber produces 2 to 10 ovules. The smooth fruits are berry-like, round to egg-shaped, metallic blue to black in color. Four to thirty seeds are produced in each fruit and the seeds are shiny brown, round and the ends are angled with 2 or 3 faces.[6][7]Speciesaccepted species[4][8]
CultivationClintonia species are cultivated as garden subjects in shade gardens, grown for the glossy foliage, small lily-like flowers, and blue fruits, and their ability to live in heavy shade. They grow best in cool, organic-rich, acid soils that retain moisture and when grown well form dense slowly spreading clumps.[9]References1. ^The Plant List, Clintonia elegans Douglas ex Lindl. 2. ^Rafinesque, Constantine Samuel. 1818. American monthly magazine and critical review 2: 266 3. ^Tropicos, Clintonia Raf. 4. ^1 2 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 5. ^{{cite book|author=Umberto Quattrocchi|title=CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants: Common Names, Scientific Names, Eponyms, Synonyms, and Etymology (5 Volume Set)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YC_lAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA1024|date=3 May 2012|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-1-4200-8044-5|pages=1024–}} 6. ^Flora of North America, Clintonia Rafinesque 7. ^Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 150 七筋菇属 qi jin gu shu Clintonia Rafinesque, Amer. Monthly Mag. & Crit. Rev. 2: 266. 1818. 8. ^Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution maps 9. ^{{cite book|author=William Cullina|title=The New England Wild Flower Society Guide to Growing and Propagating Wildflowers of the United States and Canada|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=81-9XHU9qi4C&pg=PA78|year=2000|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt|isbn=0-395-96609-4|pages=78–}} External links{{commons category|Clintonia}}{{Liliaceae}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q136034}}{{Liliales-stub}} 2 : Clintonia|Liliaceae genera |
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