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- Hickson Compact Groups
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{{Infobox astronomical survey}}A Hickson Compact Group (abbreviation: HCG) is a collection of galaxies designated as published by Paul Hickson in 1982.[2] The most famous group on Hickson's list of 100 objects is HCG 92, Stephan's Quintet. Hickson Compact GroupsAccording to Hickson: “Most compact groups contain a high fraction of galaxies having morphological or kinematical peculiarities, nuclear radio and infrared emission, and starburst or active galactic nuclei (AGN) activity. They contain large quantities of diffuse gas and are dynamically dominated by dark matter. They most likely form as subsystems within looser associations and evolve by gravitational processes. Strong galaxy interactions result and merging is expected to lead to the ultimate demise of the group. Compact groups are surprisingly numerous, and may play a significant role in galaxy evolution.”[3] List| Image | HCG | Right ascension[4] | Declination[4] | Galaxy count[5] | Members | Notes |
|---|
| 1 | 00|26.0}} | +25|43}} | 4 | UGC 248, PGC 1625, PGC 1614, PGC 1618 | | 2 | 00|31|24}} | +08|26.8}} | 4 | UGC 312, Markarian 552, UGC 314, UGC 315 | | 3 | 00|34|11}} | -07|35.6}} | 4 | | 4 | 00|34|15.3}} | -21|26|52}} | 5 | | 5 | 00|38|54}} | +07|03.8}} | 4 | | 6 | 00|39|10}} | -08|23.7}} | 4 | | 7 | 00|39|15.9}} | +00|53|17}} | 4 | NGC 192, NGC 196, NGC 197, NGC 201 | Contains three spirals and one lenticular galaxy[6] | | 8 | 00|49|37}} | +23|34.8}} | 4 | | 9 | 00|54|18}} | -23|33.1}} | 4 | | 10 | 01|26|24.5}} | +34|42|51}} | 4 | NGC 536, NGC 529, NGC 531, NGC 542 | | 11 | 01|26.6}} | -23|13}} | 4 | | 12 | 01|27|33.7}} | -04|40|14}} | 5 | | 13 | 01|32.4}} | -07|52}} | 5 | | 14 | 01|59|47}} | -07|01.7}} | 4 | | 15 | 02|07|39.0}} | +02|08|18}} | 6 | | 16 | 02|09|31.3}} | -10|09|31}} | 4 | Contains three starburst galaxies, two LINER galaxies, and a Seyfert 2 galaxy[7] | | 17 | 02|14|04.5}} | +13|18|54}} | 5 | | 18 | 02|39|06.10}} | +18|23|02.0}} | 4 | | 19 | 02|42|45}} | -12|24.7}} | 4 | | 20 | 02|44|14}} | +26|06.2}} | 6 | | 21 | 02|45|16.9}} | -17|37|35}} | 5 | | 22 | 03|03|31}} | -15|40.5}} | 5 | | 23 | 03|07|06}} | -09|35.1}} | 5 | | 24 | 03|20.3}} | -10|51}} | 4 | | 25 | 03|20|43.7}} | -01|03|07}} | 7 | | 26 | 03|21|54}} | -13|38.8}} | 4 | | 27 | 04|19.4}} | -11|42}} | 5 | | 28 | 04|27|19}} | -10|19.0}} | 4 | | 29 | 04|34|45}} | -30|32.8}} | 4 | | 30 | 04|36.5}} | -02|49}} | 4 | | 31 | 05|01|37}} | -04|15.4}} | 4 | NGC 1741A, PGC 16570, NGC 1741B, PGC 16571 | | 32 | 05|01.7}} | -15|25}} | 4 | | 33 | 05|10|47.6}} | +18|01|11}} | 4 | | 34 | 05|21|47}} | +06|40.6}} | 4 | | 35 | 08|45|20.71}} | +44|32|23.1}} | 6 | | 36 | 09|09|24}} | +15|47.7}} | 4 | | 37 | 09|13|35.6}} | +30|00|51}} | 5 | | 38 | 09|27.6}} | +12|16}} | 4 | | 39 | 09|29|28}} | -01|20.7}} | 4 | | 40 | 09|38|54}} | -04|51.1}} | 6 | | 41 | 09|57|40}} | +45|14.4}} | 4 | | 42 | 10|00|13.1}} | -19|38|24}} | 4 | | 43 | 10|11.2}} | -00|01}} | 5 | | 44 | 10|18|00}} | +21|48.7}} | 4 | | 45 | 10|19.2}} | +59|06}} | 4 | | 46 | 10|22.0}} | +17|48}} | 4 | | 47 | 10|25|48}} | +13|43.9}} | 4 | | 48 | 10|37|45.6}} | -27|04|50}} | 4 | | 49 | 10|56|36}} | +67|10.8}} | 4 | | 50 | 11|17|06}} | +54|55.1}} | 5 | | 51 | 11|22|21.6}} | +24|19|41}} | 6 | | 52 | 11|26.3}} | +21|05}} | 4 | | 53 | 11|28|58}} | +20|46.6}} | 4 | | 54 | 11|29|15}} | +20|34.7}} | 4 | | 55 | 11|32|07}} | +70|48.7}} | 5 | | 56 | 11|32|32}} | +52|56.9}} | 5 | | 57 | 11|37|50.5}} | +21|59|06}} | 8 | Also known as Copeland's Septet | | 58 | 11|42|09.4}} | +10|16|30}} | 5 | | 59 | 11|48|27}} | +12|43.0}} | 5 | IC 737, IC 736, PGC 36871, PGC 36867, PGC 36851 | | 60 | 12|03|05}} | +51|41.6}} | 4 | | 61 | 12|12|24}} | +29|10.7}} | 4 | | 62 | 12|53|05.6}} | -09|12|21}} | 4 | | 63 | 13|02.2}} | -32|46}} | 4 | | 64 | 13|25|43}} | -03|51.5}} | 4 | | 65 | 13|29|53}} | -29|30.0}} | 5 | | 66 | 13|38|33}} | +57|18.3}} | 4 | | 67 | 13|49|03.5}} | -07|12|20}} | 4 | | 68 | 13|53|40.9}} | +40|19|07}} | 5 | | 69 | 13|55|31}} | +25|03.8}} | 4 | | 70 | 14|04|07.4}} | +33|19|10}} | 6 | | 71 | 14|11.1}} | +25|29}} | 4 | | 72 | 14|47|55}} | +19|03.6}} | 5 | | 73 | 15|02|40.1}} | +23|21|13}} | 5 | | 74 | 15|19|28}} | +20|53.6}} | 5 | | 75 | 15|21|37.0}} | +21|10|50}} | 6 | | 76 | 15|31.7}} | +07|18}} | 5 | | 77 | 15|49|17}} | +21|49.7}} | 4 | | 78 | 15|48.5}} | +68|12}} | 4 | | 79 | 15|59|13}} | +20|45.1}} | 5 | NGC 6027, NGC 6027a, NGC 6027b, NGC 6027c, NGC 6027d, NGC 6027e (tidal tail of NGC 6027) | Also known as UGC 10116, VV 115, Seyfert's Sextet or Serpens Sextet. Contains 2 lenticular galaxies, 3 spiral galaxies (one barred spiral) and a tidal tail. | | 80 | 15|59|12}} | +65|13.6}} | 4 | | 81 | 16|18|13}} | +12|47.6}} | 4 | | 82 | 16|28|22.1}} | +32|49|25}} | 4 | | 83 | 16|35|40.9}} | +06|16|12}} | 4 | | 84 | 16|44|08}} | +77|50.2}} | 6 | | 85 | 18|50|22.3}} | +73|21|00}} | 4 | | 86 | 19|51|59.2}} | -30|49|34}} | 4 | | 87 | 20|48|11}} | -19|50.4}} | 4 | ESO 597-36, PGC 65409, ESO 597-35, PGC 65414 | One of the most compact groups, hosting two active galactic nuclei and a starburst among its three members, all of which show signs of interaction | | 88 | 20|52.4}} | -05|45}} | 4 | | 89 | 21|20.2}} | -03|54}} | 4 | | 90 | 22|02|06.3}} | -31|55|48}} | 4 | | 91 | 22|09|00.8}} | -27|47|36}} | 4 | | 92 | 22|35|57.5}} | +33|57|36}} | 5 | NGC 7317, NGC 7318A, NGC 7318B, NGC 7319, NGC 7320C | Also called Stephan's Quintet, one galaxy of the sixsome, NGC 7320, is not part of the HCG but is a foreground galaxy in front of the five galaxies in the HCG. When discovered, two of the galaxies in the grouping were considered to be one galaxy, NGC 7318. | | 93 | 23|15|12.2}} | +18|59|31}} | 5 | | 94 | 23|17|16.5}} | +18|43|11}} | 7 | | 95 | 23|19|32}} | +09|29.5}} | 4 | | 96 | 23|27|58}} | +08|46.4}} | 4 | | 97 | 23|47|24.0}} | -02|19|08}} | 5 | | 98 | 23|54.2}} | +00|22}} | 4 | | 99 | 00|00|43}} | +28|23.7}} | 4 | | 100 | 00|01.3}} | +13|07}} | 4 | |
GallerySee also{{Commons category|Hickson Compact Group}}- Abell catalogue
- Catalogue of Galaxies and Clusters of Galaxies
References1. ^{{cite web|title=Crowded, but Suspiciously Quiet?|url=http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/potw1132a/|work=Picture of the Week|publisher=ESA/Hubble|accessdate=10 August 2011}}
2. ^{{Cite journal | author=Hickson, Paul | title=Systematic properties of compact groups of galaxies | journal=Astrophysical Journal | year=1982 | volume=255 | pages=382–391 | bibcode=1982ApJ...255..382H | doi=10.1086/159838 }}
3. ^{{Cite web | title=Compact Groups of Galaxies | url=http://nedwww.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/Sept01/Hickson/Hickson_contents.html | accessdate=2006-10-23}}
4. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=HCG&NbIdent=cat&Radius=2&Radius.unit=arcmin&submit=submit+id|title=HCG|work=SIMBAD|publisher=Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg|accessdate=8 March 2017}}
5. ^{{cite journal |title= Systematic properties of compact groups of galaxies |author1= Hickson, P. |journal= Astrophysical Journal |volume=255 |pages= Part 1, 382–391 |date=1982 |bibcode= 1982ApJ...255..382H |doi= 10.1086/159838}}
6. ^{{cite web |url= http://annesastronomynews.com/annes-picture-of-the-day-hickson-compact-group-7/ |title= Anne’s Picture of the Day: Hickson Compact Group 7 |publisher= Anne's Astronomy News |date= 27 December 2012 }}
7. ^{{cite news |url= http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Hubble_views_a_bizarre_cosmic_quartet_999.html |title= Hubble views a bizarre cosmic quartet |date= 22 June 2015 |publisher= Space Daily }}
8. ^{{cite news|title=A fossil in the making|url=http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/potw1426a/|accessdate=3 July 2014|work=ESA/Hubble Picture of the Week}}
9. ^{{cite news|title=A members-only galaxy club|url=http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/potw1349a/|accessdate=10 December 2013|newspaper=ESA/Hubble Picture of the Week}}
Further reading- {{Cite journal |title= Systematic properties of compact groups of galaxies |author= Paul Hickson |journal= Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 |volume= 255 |date= 15 April 1982 |pages= 382–391 |bibcode= 1982ApJ...255..382H |doi= 10.1086/159838 }}
- {{Cite journal |title= Compact Groups of Galaxies |author= Paul Hickson |journal= Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics |volume= 35 |pages= 357–388 |doi= 10.1146/annurev.astro.35.1.357 |bibcode= 1997ARA&A..35..357H |arxiv= astro-ph/9710289 |url= http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/Sept01/Hickson/Hickson_contents.html |date= 25 October 1997 }}
External links- Astronomy Picture of the Day – Galaxy Group Hickson 31 – 22 February 2010
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2010}} 2 : Hickson Compact Groups|Astronomical catalogues of galaxy clusters |