| 词条 | Higher Attestation Commission | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
Higher Attestation Commission ({{lang-ru|Высшая аттестационная комиссия}}, {{lang-uk|Вища атестаційна комісія}}, abbreviated Cyrillic: ВАК, Latin: VAK) is a name of a national government agency in Russia, Ukraine and some other post-Soviet states that oversees awarding of advanced academic degrees. Due to translation differences, these committees are sometimes translated as the "State Supreme Certification Commission" or other similar variation; the common Cyrillic-based acronym of VAK remains a constant with all versions. A commission of a similar kind ({{lang-bg|Висша атестационна комисия}}) operated in Bulgaria until 2010, when it was abolished as part of a reorganisation of academic structures.[1] On December 9, 2010, the Higher Education Commission of Ukraine was merged into the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine.[2] Russia and the former Soviet UnionDuring the Soviet Union, the Higher Attestation Commission under the USSR Council of Ministers (also abbreviated as VAK) oversaw and controlled the awarding of advanced academic degrees and academic ranks in all of the USSR. With the fall and break up of the Soviet Union, separate Higher Attestation Commissions arose in the newly independent nations. For example, the Russian agency became the Higher Attestation Commission of the Russian Ministry of Education and Science, taking similar duties in the Russian Federation. The responsibilities of the Russian Commission include:
The Higher Attestation Commissions in other nations have similar responsibilities. Fields of studyScientific degrees awarded VAK were classified into an established list of specialties, grouped into the following major sections[3]
See also
References1. ^Закон за развитието на академичния състав в Република България 2. ^Указ Президента України № 1085 від 9 грудня 2010 року «Про оптимізацію системи центральних органів виконавчої влади» {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120210130131/http://www.president.gov.ua/documents/12584.html |date=2012-02-10 }} 3. ^http://vak.ed.gov.ru/316 4. ^http://www.dissercat.com/catalog/voennye-nauki External links
9 : Science and technology in Russia|Education in Russia|Education in the Soviet Union|Academic organizations|Education in Ukraine|Science and technology in Ukraine|Science and technology in the Soviet Union|Science and technology in Belarus|Education in Belarus |
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