| 词条 | Hill partridge |
| 释义 |
| image = Arborophila torqueola torqueola male 1838.jpg | image_caption = male | image2 = Song of Hill partridge.ogg | image2_caption = Song of hill partridge | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | genus = Arborophila | species = torqueola | authority = Valenciennes, 1826 | synonyms = }} The common hill partridge, necklaced hill partridge, or simply hill partridge (Arborophila torqueola) is a species of bird in the pheasant family found in Asia. DescriptionMales of the species have ornate patterns and markings, a combination of an orange crown and face set against a black head and streaked throat. Females lack the distinctive head markings and the grey chest and upper belly of the male, with the flank colouration of white streaked ginger-brown feathers extending further up and across the belly of the hen. Four subspecies have been identified on the basis of differences on the head markings on the male. The length of this species is roughly {{convert|27|-|30|cm|abbr=on}} and weight can vary between {{convert|230|g|0|abbr=on}} for a small female to {{convert|390|g|abbr=on}} for a large fat male.[2] BehaviourCommon hill-partridges are mostly seen in pairs or small coveys of up to 10 individuals that may be made up of family groups. BreedingIndian populations of common hill-partridges breed between April and June, although earlier breeding has been recorded at lower altitudes. The average clutch size is 3-5 eggs but up to nine eggs have also been observed (in captivity, clutches of greater than 3 eggs are essentially unknown). Eggs are white, incubation times are unrecorded in wild birds but are reported to be 24 days for captive birds. The nest is a ball of whatever manageable materials are within a few feet of the nest site with a lined shallow scrape at the centre to form the cup of the nest. In captivity the structure is generally unstable unless supported, typically within low-growing vegetation or roots. FeedingThe food of the common hill-partridge comprises seeds and various invertebrates, which it collects by scratching in leaf litter. It has a hen-like contact call that is constantly uttered when it is feeding. Distribution and habitatThe common hill-partridge range spans over a narrow band from the western Himalayas to north Vietnam. It is found in India, Nepal, Bhutan, Tibet, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest. The species is not globally threatened and is common in most parts of its range. References1. ^{{IUCN|id=22679017 |title=Arborophila torqueola |assessor=BirdLife International |assessor-link=BirdLife International |version=2013.2 |year=2012 |accessdate=26 November 2013}} {{Use British English|date=September 2010}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q644953}}{{DEFAULTSORT:partridge, hill}}2. ^{{cite book|last1=Hume|first1=A.O.|last2=Marshall|first2=C.H.T.|title=Game Birds of India, Burmah and Ceylon|year=1880|publisher=A.O. Hume and C.H.T. Marshall|location=Calcutta|volume=II|page=72}} 7 : Arborophila|Birds of the Himalayas|Birds of Northeast India|Birds of Tibet|Birds of Yunnan|Birds described in 1826|Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
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