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词条 HMAS Parramatta (U44)
释义

  1. Construction

  2. Operational history

  3. Loss

  4. Notes

  5. References

  6. Further reading

  7. External links

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}}{{Infobox ship career		Ship country=AustraliaAustralia|naval-1913}}Ship namesake=The Parramatta RiverShip builder=Cockatoo Island DockyardShip laid down=9 November 1938Ship launched=10 June 1939Ship commissioned=8 April 1940Ship motto=Ship nickname=Ship honours=*Battle honours:
  • Libya 1941
  • Plus two inherited honours
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}}{{Infobox ship characteristics		Ship class=Grimsby class sloopShip displacement=1,060 tons (standard), 1,515 tons (full load)266|ft|m|abbr=on}}36|ft|m|abbr=on}}7|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}}Ship propulsion=Parsons, steam turbines, 2 shafts. 2,000 shp16.5|kn}}Ship complement=135Ship sensors=Ship EW=4|in|mm|adj=on|sigfig=4}} Mk XVI anti-aircraft guns
  • 4 × 3-pounder guns
  • 1 × machine-gun
  • 2 × depth charge throwers
  • 2 × twin tubes for {{convert|21|in|mm|abbr=on}} torpedoes
Ship notes=
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HMAS Parramatta (U44) was a Grimsby class sloop of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). Built during the late 1930s, Parramatta operated in the Red Sea and Mediterranean during World War II. The sloop was torpedoed by the {{GS|U-559}} on 27 November 1941, and sank with 138 of the 162 aboard.

Construction

Parramatta was laid down on 9 November 1938 at the Cockatoo Island Dockyard at Sydney, New South Wales.[1] She was launched on 10 June 1939 and commissioned into the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) on 8 April 1940.[1]

Operational history

Parramatta was assigned to the Red Sea Force in July 1940, and arrived in Aden at the month's end.[2] The majority of the ship's duties were escorting convoys.[1] The sloop was later transferred to the Mediterranean Fleet.[3]

While in the Mediterranean, Parramatta was one of several warships used to supply and support the Allied forces besieged at Tobruk, nicknamed the Tobruk Ferry Service. While operating off Tobruk on 24 June 1941, Parramatta, the British sloop {{HMS|Auckland|L61|6}}, and the petrol carrier Pass of Balmaha were attacked by over 70 dive bombers.[3] The Australian warship shot down three aircraft during the engagement without receiving major damage, but Auckland was sunk.[3] Parramatta later helped recover the 164 survivors.[3]

Loss

Early in the morning of 27 November 1941, Parramatta was escorting transports resupplying the Allied garrison at Tobruk, when she was hit by a single torpedo from {{GS|U-559||2}} under the command of Hans Heidtmann.[1][4] The damage was so significant that the sloop's captain only had time to order 'abandon ship' before Parramatta rolled to starboard and sank at {{coord|32|20|N|24|35|E|display=inline}}.[4][5] Only 24 aboard survived, with 138 killed.[4][5]

The sloop's wartime service was later recognised by the battle honour "Libya 1941".[6][7]

Notes

1. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://www.navy.gov.au/hmas-parramatta-ii |title=HMAS Parramatta (II) |work=Ship Histories |publisher=Royal Australian Navy |accessdate=17 June 2015}}
2. ^Stevens, A Critical Vulnerability, p. 154
3. ^1 2 3 Goldrick, in Stevens, The Royal Australian Navy, p. 118
4. ^1 2 Goldrick, in Stevens, The Royal Australian Navy, p. 124
5. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/3902.html|title=HMAS Parramatta (L 44 / U 44)|last=Helgason|first=Guðmundur|website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net}}
6. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.navy.gov.au/Navy_Marks_109th_Birthday_With_Historic_Changes_To_Battle_Honours |title=Navy Marks 109th Birthday With Historic Changes To Battle Honours |date=1 March 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613184920/http://www.navy.gov.au/Navy_Marks_109th_Birthday_With_Historic_Changes_To_Battle_Honours |archivedate=13 June 2011 |publisher=Royal Australian Navy |accessdate=23 December 2012}}
7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.navy.gov.au/w/images/Units_entitlement_list.pdf |title=Royal Australian Navy Ship/Unit Battle Honours |date=1 March 2010 |publisher=Royal Australian Navy |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614064156/http://www.navy.gov.au/w/images/Units_entitlement_list.pdf |archivedate=14 June 2011 |accessdate=23 December 2012}}

References

  • {{cite book |last=Goldrick |first=James |editor-last=Stevens|editor-first=David |title=The Royal Australian Navy |series=The Australian Centenary History of Defence|volume=Volume III|year=2001 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=South Melbourne, VIC |isbn=0-19-555542-2 |oclc=50418095 |chapter=World War II: The war Against Germany and Italy}}
  • {{cite book|last=Hague|first=Arnold|title=Sloops: A History of the 71 Sloops Built in Britain and Australia for the British, Australian and Indian Navies 1926–1946|year=1993|publisher=World Ship Society|location=Kendal, England|isbn=0-905617-67-3}}
  • {{cite book |last=Stevens |first=David |title=A Critical Vulnerability: The Impact of the Submarine Threat on Australia's Maritime Defence 1915–1954 |series=Papers in Australian Maritime Affairs |volume=No. 15 |year=2005 |publisher=Sea Power Centre Australia |location=Canberra |isbn=0-642-29625-1 |oclc=62548623 |issn=1327-5658 |url=http://www.navy.gov.au/w/index.php/Publication:Papers_in_Australian_Maritime_Affairs_No._15}}

Further reading

  • {{cite book |last=Gillett |first=Ross |others=MacDougall, Anthony; Graham, Colin (illustrations) |title=Warships of Australia |year=1977 |publisher=Rigby |location=Adelaide, SA |isbn=0-7270-0472-7 |oclc=4466019}}
  • {{cite book|last1=McGuire|first1=Paul|last2=McGuire|first2=Frances M.|title=The Price of Admiralty|date=1944|publisher=Oxford United Press|location=Melbourne, Victoria|oclc=3893770}}

External links

{{Commons category|HMAS Parramatta (U44)}}
  • HMAS Parramatta (II) RAN Ship Histories
{{coord|32|20|N|24|35|E|display=title}}{{Grimsby class sloop}}{{November 1941 shipwrecks}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Parramatta (U44)}}

5 : Grimsby-class sloops of the Royal Australian Navy|World War II shipwrecks in the Mediterranean|1939 ships|Ships sunk by German submarines in World War II|Maritime incidents in November 1941
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