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词条 HMAS Torrens (D67)
释义

  1. Design and construction

  2. Operational history

  3. Decommissioning and fate

  4. Citations

  5. References

{{Other ships|HMAS Torrens}}{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2018}}{{Use Australian English|date=February 2018}}{{Infobox ship image
Ship image=HMAS Torrens (AWM H17522).jpgShip caption=HMAS Torrens
}}{{Infobox ship career		Ship country=AustraliaAustralia|naval-1913}}Ship namesake=The River TorrensShip builder=Cockatoo Docks and Engineering CompanyShip laid down=25 January 1913Ship launched=28 August 1915Ship commissioned=3 July 1916Ship decommissioned=19 July 1920 (to reserve)Ship reclassified=Training ship (1920–1925)Ship motto=Ship nickname=Ship honours=*Battle honour:
  • Adriatic 1917–18
Ship fate=Sunk as target 24 November 1930Ship notes=Ship badge=
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics		River|torpedo-boat destroyer}}Ship displacement=750 tons250|ft|9|in|abbr=on}} length overall
  • {{convert|243|ft|abbr=on}} between perpendiculars
24|ft|3.625|in|abbr=on}}Ship draught=10000|shp|abbr=on}}, 3 shafts26|kn}}2690|nmi}} at {{convert|11.5|kn}}Ship complement=5 officers, 67 sailorsShip sensors=Ship EW=Ship armament=*1 × BL 4-inch Mk VIII gun
  • 3 × QF 12-pounder 12 cwt naval guns
  • 3 × .303-inch machine guns
  • 3 × 18-inch (450mm) torpedo tubes
  • Depth charge chutes and throwers (installed later)
Ship armour=Ship notes=
}}

HMAS Torrens, named for the River Torrens, was a {{sclass2-|River|torpedo-boat destroyer}} of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). The destroyer was built at Cockatoo Island Dockyard and entered service with the RAN in 1916. The destroyer was first deployed to East Asia, then the Mediterranean, where she remained for the rest of World War I. After returning to Australia, the destroyer was decommissioned, but saw use in several ports for reservist training before the decision to sell her for scrap was made. After being stripped, the destroyer was towed outside Sydney Heads, used for gunnery practice, and scuttled.

Design and construction

{{Main|River-class torpedo-boat destroyer}}Torrens was one of six {{sclass2-|River|torpedo-boat destroyer}}s built for the RAN.[1] The destroyer had a displacement of 750 tons, was {{convert|250|ft|9|in}} long overall and {{convert|245|ft}} long between perpendiculars, and had a beam of {{convert|24|ft|3.625|in}}.[1] Propulsion machinery consisted of three Yarrow boilers feeding Parsons turbines, which supplied {{convert|10000|shp}} to the ship's three propeller shafts.[2] Its maximum speed was {{convert|26|kn}}, and maximum range was {{convert|2690|nmi}} at {{convert|11.5|kn}}.[3] The ship's company consisted of 5 officers and 68 sailors.[2]

The destroyer's main armament consisted of a BL 4-inch Mark VIII gun, and three QF 12-pounder 12 cwt guns.[1] This was supplemented by three single 18-inch torpedo tubes and three .303-inch machine guns.[1] Later in the ship's career, two depth charge throwers and four depth charge chutes were installed.[1]

Torrens was laid down by Cockatoo Docks and Engineering Company at Cockatoo Island, New South Wales on 25 January 1913.[1][4] She was launched on 28 August 1915 by the wife of Lord Munro Ferguson, the Governor-General of Australia.[2] The destroyer was commissioned into the RAN on 3 July 1916, twelve days before construction completed.[2] The ship's name comes from the River Torrens in South Australia.[1]

Operational history

Torrens and sister ship {{HMAS|Swan|D61|2}} were first assigned to the British Far East Patrol.[2] From September 1916 to May 1917, Torrens operated throughout Maritime Southeast Asia.[2] In June, the destroyer docked at Singapore for a refit.[2] after which Torrens and the other five River class vessels sailed for the Mediterranean.[2] After escorting a convoy from Port Said to Malta, and refits at the island, Torrens was assigned to Brindisi as part of the anti-submarine patrol force.[2] The heavy but monotonous workload forced the destroyer to visit Malta in December for another refit.[2]

On the night of 22–23 April 1919, Torrens was one of six Allied ships patrolling the Adriatic.[2] A force of five Austrian destroyers attacked, seriously damaging the British destroyers {{HMS|Hornet|1911|2}} and {{HMS|Jackal|1911|2}} before retreating faster than the Allied ships could pursue.[5] Apart from a brief refit at Messina in September–October, Torrens remained in the region until the end of World War I.[6] Her wartime service was later recognised with the battle honour "Adriatic 1917–18".[7][8] After returning to Australia in May 1919, Torrens was involved in routine duties.[6]

Decommissioning and fate

Torrens was paid off into reserve on 19 July 1920.[6] The destroyer was relocated to Flinders Naval Depot in July 1924, and although not recommissioned, was used for the training of naval reservists.[6] Torrens was later transferred to Port Adelaide, where she was again used for training until March 1925.[6] The ship returned to Sydney on 11 May, with occasional use for reservist training.[6]

During the general reduction in naval activity imposed by lack of finance during the Great Depression, it was decided to scrap Torrens and her five sister ships.[6] On 24 November 1930, after being stripped of useful materials, Torrens was towed outside Sydney Heads by the tug Heroic, and was used for gunnery target practice.[6] The destroyer withstood considerable shelling before being scuttled by a charge of gelignite.[6]

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Citations

1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 Cassells, The Destroyers, p. 138
2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cassells, The Destroyers, p. 139
3. ^Cassells, The Destroyers, pp. 138–9
4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.navy.gov.au/hmas-torrens-i |title=HMAS Torrens (I) |work=Ship Histories |publisher=Royal Australian Navy |accessdate=6 May 2011}}
5. ^Cassells, The Destroyers, pp. 139–40
6. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Cassells, The Destroyers, p. 140
7. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.navy.gov.au/Navy_Marks_109th_Birthday_With_Historic_Changes_To_Battle_Honours |title=Navy Marks 109th Birthday With Historic Changes To Battle Honours |date=1 March 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613184920/http://www.navy.gov.au/Navy_Marks_109th_Birthday_With_Historic_Changes_To_Battle_Honours |archivedate=13 June 2011 |publisher=Royal Australian Navy |accessdate=23 December 2012}}
8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.navy.gov.au/w/images/Units_entitlement_list.pdf |title=Royal Australian Navy Ship/Unit Battle Honours |date=1 March 2010 |publisher=Royal Australian Navy |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614064156/http://www.navy.gov.au/w/images/Units_entitlement_list.pdf |archivedate=14 June 2011 |accessdate=23 December 2012}}

References

{{commons category|HMAS Torrens (D67)}}
  • {{cite book |last=Cassells |first=Vic |title=The Destroyers: their battles and their badges |year=2000 |publisher=Simon & Schuster |location=East Roseville, NSW |isbn=0-7318-0893-2 |oclc=46829686}}
{{River class TBD}}{{1930 shipwrecks}}{{Navbox shipwrecks of New South Wales|Scuttlednsw}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Torrens (D67)}}

6 : River-class torpedo-boat destroyers|Training ships of the Royal Australian Navy|Ships sunk as targets|Maritime incidents in 1930|Scuttled vessels of New South Wales|1915 ships
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