| 词条 | HMAS Wagga | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
Design and construction{{main|Bathurst-class corvette}}In 1938, the Australian Commonwealth Naval Board (ACNB) identified the need for a general purpose 'local defence vessel' capable of both anti-submarine and mine-warfare duties, while easy to construct and operate.[2][3] The vessel was initially envisaged as having a displacement of approximately 500 tons, a speed of at least {{convert|10|kn}}, and a range of {{convert|2000|nmi}}[4] The opportunity to build a prototype in the place of a cancelled Bar-class boom defence vessel saw the proposed design increased to a 680-ton vessel, with a {{convert|15.5|kn}} top speed, and a range of {{convert|2850|nmi}}, armed with a 4-inch gun, equipped with asdic, and able to fitted with either depth charges or minesweeping equipment depending on the planned operations: although closer in size to a sloop than a local defence vessel, the resulting increased capabilities were accepted due to advantages over British-designed mine warfare and anti-submarine vessels.[2][5] Construction of the prototype {{HMAS|Kangaroo||6}} did not go ahead, but the plans were retained.[6] The need for locally built 'all-rounder' vessels at the start of World War II saw the "Australian Minesweepers" (designated as such to hide their anti-submarine capability, but popularly referred to as "corvettes") approved in September 1939, with 60 constructed during the course of the war: 36 (including Wagga) ordered by the RAN, 20 ordered by the British Admiralty but manned and commissioned as RAN vessels, and 4 for the Royal Indian Navy.[2][7][8][9][1] Wagga was laid down by Morts Dock & Engineering Co in Sydney, New South Wales on 8 March 1942.[1] She was launched on 25 July 1942 by Mrs H. E. Gissing, the wife of the mayor of Wagga Wagga, and commissioned into the RAN on 18 December 1942.[1]Operational historyWorld War IIWagga entered service in January 1943, escorting convoys along the eastern Australian coast.[1] Her area of operations extended into New Guinea in March, before the corvette operated in support of Operation Lilliput until June 1943.[1] During the operation, on 14 April 1943, Wagga and several British and Dutch ships were attacked by over 100 Japanese aircraft. Wagga was not damaged, although several other ships were set on fire.[1] Following Lilliput, she returned to convoy duties until the end of 1943.[1]Wagga visited Williamstown, Victoria for refits over December 1943 and January 1944, before spending the rest of the war operating in New Guinea.[1] Wagga fulfilled many roles in this time; escorting convoys, performing anti-submarine patrols, transporting troops and supplies, and bombarding enemy land positions in support of Allied troops.[1]At the conclusion of World War II, Wagga sailed for Hong Kong, arriving on 29 August 1945.[1] She remained there until October 1945, conducting mine sweeping and anti-piracy patrols.[1] The corvette returned to Melbourne on 7 November, and was decommissioned into reserve on 28 November.[1] The corvette's wartime service was recognised with the battle honours "Pacific 1943–45" and "New Guinea 1943–44".[10][11] Training shipThe ship was reactivated and recommissioned as a training ship on 12 December 1951.[1] As well as training reservists and National Service trainees, Wagga was called on to tow the cruiser HMAS Hobart to Newcastle in August 1952, perform patrols of New Guinea in 1954 and 1956, and assist in oceanographic surveys.[1] Wagga underwent several refits and modernisations, and was decommissioned and recommissioned at least six times, on one occasion being in commission for only 11 days.[1] FateWagga decommissioned for the final time on 28 October 1960, after travelling {{convert|190000|nmi|km}}.[1] She was the last of the Bathurst class to leave Australian service.[1] The corvette was sold to the South Australia Carrying Company for scrapping in March 1962.[1]The White Ensign flown from Wagga was presented to the mayor of Wagga Wagga on 23 April 2011, during the final reunion for the ship's company.[12] The flag is to be preserved and placed on display in the city's Civic Centre.[12] Citations1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 {{cite web |url=http://www.navy.gov.au/hmas-wagga |title=HMAS Wagga |accessdate=16 December 2008 |publisher=Sea Power Centre Australia}} 2. ^1 2 Stevens, The Australian Corvettes, p. 1 3. ^Stevens, A Critical Vulnerability, p. 103 4. ^Stevens, A Critical Vulnerability, pp. 103–4 5. ^Stevens, A Critical Vulnerability, pp. 103–5 6. ^Stevens, A Critical Vulnerability, p. 104 7. ^Stevens, A Critical Vulnerability, pp. 105, 148 8. ^Donohue, From Empire Defence to the Long Haul, p. 29 9. ^Stevens et al., The Royal Australian Navy, p. 108 10. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.navy.gov.au/Navy_Marks_109th_Birthday_With_Historic_Changes_To_Battle_Honours |title=Navy Marks 109th Birthday With Historic Changes To Battle Honours |date=1 March 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613184920/http://www.navy.gov.au/Navy_Marks_109th_Birthday_With_Historic_Changes_To_Battle_Honours |archivedate=13 June 2011 |publisher=Royal Australian Navy |accessdate=23 December 2012}} 11. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.navy.gov.au/w/images/Units_entitlement_list.pdf |title=Royal Australian Navy Ship/Unit Battle Honours |date=1 March 2010 |publisher=Royal Australian Navy |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614064156/http://www.navy.gov.au/w/images/Units_entitlement_list.pdf |archivedate=14 June 2011 |accessdate=23 December 2012}} 12. ^1 {{cite news |url=http://www.dailyadvertiser.com.au/news/local/news/general/hmas-wagga-crew-to-part-with-last-flag/2142644.aspx |title=HMAS Wagga crew to part with last flag |last=Higgins |first=Ben |date=23 April 2011 |work=The Daily Advertiser |accessdate=29 April 2011}} References
External links{{Commonscat-inline|HMAS Wagga}}{{Bathurst class corvette}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Wagga}} 5 : Bathurst-class corvettes of the Royal Australian Navy|Ships built in New South Wales|1942 ships|World War II corvettes of Australia|Training ships of the Royal Australian Navy |
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