| 词条 | HMAS Wallaroo | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
Design and construction{{main|Bathurst-class corvette}}In 1938, the Australian Commonwealth Naval Board (ACNB) identified the need for a general purpose 'local defence vessel' capable of both anti-submarine and mine-warfare duties, while easy to construct and operate.[3][4] The vessel was initially envisaged as having a displacement of approximately 500 tons, a speed of at least {{convert|10|kn}}, and a range of {{convert|2000|nmi}}[5] The opportunity to build a prototype in the place of a cancelled Bar-class boom defence vessel saw the proposed design increased to a 680-ton vessel, with a {{convert|15.5|kn}} top speed, and a range of {{convert|2850|nmi}}, armed with a 4-inch gun, equipped with asdic, and able to fitted with either depth charges or minesweeping equipment depending on the planned operations: although closer in size to a sloop than a local defence vessel, the resulting increased capabilities were accepted due to advantages over British-designed mine warfare and anti-submarine vessels.[3][6] Construction of the prototype {{HMAS|Kangaroo||6}} did not go ahead, but the plans were retained.[7] The need for locally built 'all-rounder' vessels at the start of World War II saw the "Australian Minesweepers" (designated as such to hide their anti-submarine capability, but popularly referred to as "corvettes") approved in September 1939, with 60 constructed during the course of the war: 36 (including Wallaroo) ordered by the RAN, 20 ordered by the British Admiralty but manned and commissioned as RAN vessels, and 4 for the Royal Indian Navy.[3][8][9][10][1] Wallaroo was laid down by Poole & Steel in Sydney on 24 April 1941.[1] She was launched on 18 February 1942 by Mrs Poole, wife of the shipyard's Chairman of Directors, and commissioned on 15 July 1942.[1]Operational historyWallaroo entered service in September 1942, patrolling between Adelaide in South Australia and Fremantle in Western Australia for submarines, as well as performing escort and minesweeping duties around Fremantle.[1]Just after midnight on 11 June 1943, while out to sea west of Fremantle, the corvette collided with United States Liberty Ship Henry Gilbert Costin.[1] The night was overcast, and the ships were travelling without lights as a precaution against attacks.[1] Three of Wallaroo{{'}}s crew were killed in the collision, and the corvette sank four hours later with no further casualties while trying to reach Fremantle.[1] The Liberty Ship received minor damage, and made it to port.[1] The corvette's wartime service was recognised with the battle honour "Pacific 1942".[11][12] Citations1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 {{cite web |url=http://www.navy.gov.au/hmas-wallaroo-i |title=HMAS Wallaroo (I) |accessdate=16 September 2008 |publisher=Sea Power Centre Australia |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104182936/http://www.navy.gov.au/hmas-wallaroo-i |archivedate=4 November 2012 |df= }} 2. ^David Stevens et al., 2001, The Royal Australian Navy, opposite pg 112 3. ^1 2 Stevens, The Australian Corvettes, p. 1 4. ^Stevens, A Critical Vulnerability, p. 103 5. ^Stevens, A Critical Vulnerability, pp. 103–4 6. ^Stevens, A Critical Vulnerability, pp. 103–5 7. ^Stevens, A Critical Vulnerability, p. 104 8. ^Stevens, A Critical Vulnerability, pp. 105, 148 9. ^Donohue, From Empire Defence to the Long Haul, p. 29 10. ^Stevens et al., The Royal Australian Navy, p. 108 11. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.navy.gov.au/Navy_Marks_109th_Birthday_With_Historic_Changes_To_Battle_Honours |title=Navy Marks 109th Birthday With Historic Changes To Battle Honours |date=1 March 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613184920/http://www.navy.gov.au/Navy_Marks_109th_Birthday_With_Historic_Changes_To_Battle_Honours |archivedate=13 June 2011 |publisher=Royal Australian Navy |accessdate=23 December 2012}} 12. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.navy.gov.au/w/images/Units_entitlement_list.pdf |title=Royal Australian Navy Ship/Unit Battle Honours |date=1 March 2010 |publisher=Royal Australian Navy |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614064156/http://www.navy.gov.au/w/images/Units_entitlement_list.pdf |archivedate=14 June 2011 |accessdate=23 December 2012}} References
7 : Bathurst-class corvettes of the Royal Australian Navy|Ships built in New South Wales|1942 ships|World War II corvettes of Australia|World War II shipwrecks in the Indian Ocean|Shipwrecks of Western Australia|Maritime incidents in June 1943 |
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