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词条 HMCS Chaudière (DDE 235)
释义

  1. Design and description

     Armament 

  2. Service history

  3. References

     Notes  Citations  Sources 

  4. External links

{{other ships|HMCS Chaudiere}}{{Infobox ship image
Ship image=File:HMCS Chaudiere 1964.jpgShip caption=
}}{{Infobox ship career		Hide header=Ship country=CanadaCanada|naval-1911}} {{shipboxflag|Canada|naval}}Ship name=ChaudièreShip namesake=Chaudière RiverShip ordered=Ship awarded=Ship builder=Halifax Shipyards Ltd., HalifaxShip original cost=Ship yard number=Ship way number=Ship laid down=30 July 1953Ship launched=13 November 1957Ship sponsor=Ship christened=Ship completed=Ship acquired=Ship commissioned=14 November 1959Ship recommissioned=Ship decommissioned=23 May 1974Ship maiden voyage=Ship in service=Ship out of service=Ship renamed=Ship reclassified=Ship refit=Ship struck=Ship reinstated=Ship homeport=Ship identification=DDE 235Ship motto=La fortune sourit aux braves (Fortune smiles on the brave)[1]Ship nickname=Ship honours=* Atlantic 1944
  • Normandy 1944
  • Biscay 1944[1]
Ship fate=Sunk as artificial reef off British Columbia in 1992.Ship notes=Ship badge=Vert, three cotises in bend wavy or, debruised in the center with a plate voided, the inner edge evicted.[1]
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics		Hide header=Header caption=Restigouche|destroyer}}2800|t|abbr=on}} (deep load)366|ft|m|1|abbr=on}}42|ft|m|1|abbr=on}}Ship height=14|ft|m|1|abbr=on}}Ship power=Ship propulsion=*2-shaft English-Electric geared steam turbines
  • 2 Babcock & Wilcox boilers
  • {{convert|30,000|shp|kW|abbr=on}}
28|kn}}4750|nmi}} at {{convert|14|kn}}Ship endurance=Ship complement=214Ship sensors=*1 × SPS-12 air search radar
  • 1 × SPS-10B surface search radar
  • 1 × Sperry Mk.2 navigation radar
  • 1 × SQS-501 high frequency bottom profiler sonar
  • 1 × SQS-502 high frequency mortar control sonar
  • 1 × SQS-503 hull mounted active search sonar
  • 1 × SQS-10 hull mounted active search sonar
  • 1 × Mk.69 gunnery control system with SPG-48 director forward
  • 1 × GUNAR Mk.64 GFCS with on-mount SPG-48 director aft
Ship EW=

1 × DAU HF/DF (high frequency direction finder)

Ship armament=*1 × 3-inch/70 Mk.6 Vickers twin mount forward
  • 1 × 3-inch/50 Mk.33 FMC twin mount aft
  • 2 × Mk NC 10 Limbo ASW mortars
  • 2 × single Mk.2 "K-gun" launchers with homing torpedoes
  • 1 × 103 mm Bofors illumination rocket launchers
Ship armour=Ship aircraft=Ship aircraft facilities=Ship notes=
}}

HMCS Chaudière was a {{sclass-|Restigouche|destroyer}} and the second vessel of her class that served in the Royal Canadian Navy and later the Canadian Forces from 1959 to 1974. She was the second Canadian naval unit to bear this name. Following the vessel's decommissioning, the ship was used as a source for spare parts for the other surviving members of her class. In 1991, Chaudière was sold for use as an artificial reef and sunk off the coast of British Columbia.

Design and description

Based on the preceding {{sclass-|St. Laurent|destroyer|0}} design, the Restigouches had the same hull and propulsion, but different weaponry.[2] Initially the St. Laurent class had been planned to be 14 ships. However the order was halved, and the following seven were redesigned to take into improvements made on the St. Laurents. As time passed, their design diverged further from that of the St. Laurents.[3]

The ships had a displacement of {{convert|2000|t|LT}}, {{convert|2500|t|LT|abbr=on}} at deep load. They were designed to be {{convert|366|ft|m|order=flip}} long with a beam of {{convert|42|ft|m|order=flip}} and a draught of {{convert|13|ft|2|in|m|order=flip}}.[2] The Restigouches had a complement of 214.[4]

The Restigouches were by powered by two English Electric geared steam turbines, each driving a propellor shaft, using steam provided by two Babcock & Wilcox boilers. They generated {{convert|30000|shp|kW|order=flip|lk=on}} giving the vessels a maximum speed of {{convert|28|kn|lk=in}}.[2]

The Restigouches were equipped with SPS-10, SPS-12, Sperry Mk 2 and SPG-48 radar along with SQS-501 and SQS-503 sonar.[5]

Armament

The Restigouches diverged from the St. Laurents in their weaponry. The Restigouches were equipped with two twin mounts of Vickers {{convert|3|in|mm|adj=on|0}}/70 calibre Mk 6 dual-purpose guns forward and maintained a single twin mount of 3-inch/50 calibre Mk 22 guns aft used in the preceding class.[6] A Mk 69 fire control director was added to control the new guns.[7] They were also armed with two Limbo Mk 10 mortars and two single Bofors 40 mm guns.[2] However the 40 mm guns were dropped in the final design.[7]

The destroyers were also equipped beginning in 1958 with Mk 43 homing torpedoes in an effort to increase the distance between the ships and their targets. The Mk 43 torpedo had a range of {{convert|4500|yd|m|order=flip}} at {{convert|15|kn}}. They were pitched over the side by a modified depth charge thrower.[8]

Service history

Chaudière was laid down on 30 July 1953 by Halifax Shipyards at Halifax, Nova Scotia. Named for a river in Quebec, she was the last of her class. The ship was launched on 13 November 1957. While under construction the escort suffered a fire which caused $200,000 in damage in September 1958. On 4 October 1958, a visiting engineer died after falling.[9] The ship commissioned on 14 November 1959 at Halifax with the classification DDE 235. Prime Minister John Diefenbaker was a guest of honour at the ceremony.

Upon commissioning, the ship was assigned to the Fifth Canadian Escort Squadron.[4][10] In March 1961, the destroyer escort was among the ships that took part in a combined naval exercise with the United States Navy off Nova Scotia.[11] Chaudière underwent shock testing off Florida in 1962. In February 1964, the ship took part in the NATO naval exercise "Magic Lantern" off Gibraltar.[9]

Following the unification of the Canadian Armed Forces, and the change from the Royal Canadian Navy to Maritime Command, Chaudière was transferred to the west coast to join the Second Canadian Escort Squadron.[12] On 2 October 1967, she left Halifax to travel to Esquimalt.[4]

Initially all seven Restigouche-class ships were intended to be upgraded to the IRE refit, however due to financial reasons, Chaudière{{'}}s conversion was cut and by 1970, the ship was reduced to a training ship.[4][13] On 23 May 1974, Chaudière was paid off and used as a source for parts for the other members of the class.[4]

In 1989, Chaudière{{'}}s sister ship {{HMCS|Kootenay|DDE 258|2}} collided with a merchant vessel and her bow was severely damaged. To repair the damage, Kootenay{{'}}s damaged bow was removed and Chaudière{{'}}s was installed in place.[4]

In September 1991, the Canadian government sold the former destroyer escort to the Artificial Reef Society of British Columbia for $1 for use as an artificial reef.[14] The project to use the ship was saved mainly by donations from the community after government funding was cut.[15] The ship was sunk in Sechelt Inlet, British Columbia on 5 December 1992.[4]

References

Notes

1. ^1 2 Arbuckle, p. 25
2. ^1 2 3 Gardiner and Chumbley, p. 45
3. ^Milner, p. 248
4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 Macpherson and Barrie (2002), p. 251
5. ^Gardiner and Chumbly, p. 46
6. ^Calibre denotes the length of the barrel. In this case, 50 calibre means that the gun barrel is 50 times as long as it is in diameter
7. ^1 Boutiller, p. 323
8. ^Milner, p. 225
9. ^1 Barrie and Macpherson (1996), p. 38
10. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2194&dat=19591110&id=ufkxAAAAIBAJ&sjid=KOQFAAAAIBAJ&pg=4230,1862796 |title=New Destroyer Escort |work=Ottawa Citizen |date=10 November 1959 |pages=13 |accessdate=19 January 2016}}
11. ^{{cite magazine |title=A/S Exercise Off Nova Scotia |magazine=The Crowsnest |publisher=Queen's Printer |date=April 1961 |volume=13 |number=6 |pages=2}}
12. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2455&dat=19680606&id=h6YyAAAAIBAJ&sjid=3uwFAAAAIBAJ&pg=2906,1771658 |title=Canada's fleet has 31 ships |work=The Saturday Citizen |page=19 |date=7 June 1968 |accessdate=16 January 2016}}
13. ^Milner, p. 265
14. ^Orrick, p. 49
15. ^Orrick, pp. 50–51

Citations

{{reflist|30em}}

Sources

  • {{cite book |last=Arbuckle |first=J. Graeme |date=1987 |title=Badges of the Canadian Navy |publisher=Nimbus Publishing |location=Halifax, Nova Scotia |isbn=0-920852-49-1}}
  • {{cite book |last=Barrie |first=Ron |last2=Macpherson |first2=Ken |date=1996 |title=Cadillac of Destroyers: HMCS St. Laurent and Her Successors |publisher=Vanwell Publishing Limited |location=St. Catharines, Ontario |isbn=1-55125-036-5}}
  • {{cite book |editor-last=Boutiller |editor-first=James A. |date=1982 |title=RCN in Retrospect, 1910–1968 |publisher=University of British Columbia Press |location=Vancouver |isbn=0-7748-0196-4}}
  • {{cite book |editor-last=Gardiner |editor-first=Robert |editor-last2=Chumbley |editor-first2=Stephen |editor-last3=Budzbon |editor-first3=Przemysław |date=1995 |title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995 |publisher=Naval Institute Press |location=Annapolis, Maryland |isbn=1-55750-132-7}}
  • {{cite book |last=Macpherson |first=Ken |last2=Barrie |first2=Ron |date=2002 |title=The Ships of Canada's Naval Forces 1910–2002 |edition=Third |publisher=Vanwell Publishing |location=St. Catharines, Ontario |isbn=1-55125-072-1}}
  • {{cite book |last=Milner |first=Marc |date=2010 |title=Canada's Navy: The First Century |edition=Second |publisher=University of Toronto Press |location=Toronto |isbn=978-0-8020-9604-3}}
  • {{cite book |last=Orrick |first=Bob |date=2010 |title=RCN Reefs |publisher=Xlibris |isbn=978-1-4535-1880-9}}{{Self-published inline|date=January 2018}}

External links

  • Canadian Navy of Yesterday & Today: Restigouche-class destroyer escort
{{Restigouche class destroyer}}{{coord|49|37.694|N|123|48.699|W|display=title}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Chaudiere, HMCS}}

6 : Ships of the Royal Canadian Navy|Restigouche-class destroyers|Shipwrecks of the British Columbia coast|1957 ships|Ships built in Nova Scotia|Cold War destroyers of Canada
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