| 词条 | HMCS Fort Frances (J396) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
HMCS Fort Frances was an {{sclass-|Algerine|minesweeper}} that served in the Royal Canadian Navy during the Second World War. She served primarily as a coastal convoy escort in the Battle of the Atlantic. The ship was named for Fort Frances, a town in northwestern Ontario. Following the war, the vessel was transferred to the Department of Mines and Technical Surveys and used for hydrographic and oceanographic survey. The vessel was discarded in 1974 and broken up for scrap. Design and descriptionThe reciprocating group displaced {{convert|1010|-|1030|LT|t}} at standard load and {{convert|1305|-|1325|LT|t}} at deep load The ships measured {{convert|225|ft|m|1}} long overall with a beam of {{convert|35|ft|6|in|m|1}}. They had a draught of {{convert|12|ft|3|in|m|1}}. The ships' complement consisted of 85 officers and ratings.[3] The reciprocating ships had two vertical triple-expansion steam engines, each driving one shaft, using steam provided by two Admiralty three-drum boilers. The engines produced a total of {{convert|2400|ihp|lk=in}} and gave a maximum speed of {{convert|16.5|kn|lk=in}}. They carried a maximum of {{convert|660|LT|t|0}} of fuel oil that gave them a range of {{convert|5000|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|10|kn}}.[3] The Algerine class was armed with a QF {{Convert|4|in|mm|abbr=on|0}} Mk V anti-aircraft gun[4] and four twin-gun mounts for Oerlikon 20 mm cannon. The latter guns were in short supply when the first ships were being completed and they often got a proportion of single mounts. By 1944, single-barrel Bofors 40 mm mounts began replacing the twin 20 mm mounts on a one for one basis. All of the ships were fitted for four throwers and two rails for depth charges. Many Canadian ships omitted their sweeping gear in exchange for a 24-barrel Hedgehog spigot mortar and a stowage capacity for 90+ depth charges.[3] Construction and careerFort Frances was ordered on 25 November 1942 as part of the 1943 building program.[5] The minesweeper was laid down on 11 May 1943 by Port Arthur Shipbuilding Company Ltd. at Port Arthur, Ontario and launched on 30 October.[5] The ship was commissioned into the Royal Canadian Navy on 28 October 1944 at Port Arthur.[6]After working up in Bermuda in January 1945, Fort Frances returned to Halifax, Nova Scotia and joined the Western Escort Force convoy escort groups W-8 and W-9 for short periods before the end of the war in Europe.[6] The minesweeper was paid off into maintenance reserve on 3 August 1945.[6][5] The ship was recommissioned on 23 October 1945 and this deployment lasted until 5 April 1946, when Fort Frances was paid off for the final time.[6] In 1948, Fort Frances was transferred to the Department of Mines and Technical Surveys for use as a hydrographic ship. In 1958 she was converted into an oceanographic survey ship.[6][5] Three laboratories were installed along with the ability to carry up to eight scientists, her main purpose being underwater acoustic research.[7] Fort Frances served in this duty until she was sold in 1974 for scrap and broken up.[6] In 2009, Fort Frances was presented with a framed history of the ship in commemoration of the Canadian Naval Centennial.[8] See also
Notes1. ^1 Arbuckle, p. 38 2. ^{{cite web|title= Battle Honours | url=http://www.britainsnavy.co.uk/Battle%20Honours/A%20Battle%20Honour%20Date.htm#1900|work=Britain's Navy|accessdate=5 April 2014}} 3. ^1 2 Lenton, p. 261 4. ^Chesneau, p. 65 5. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/3814.html |work=uboat.net |title=HMCS Fort Frances (J 396) |accessdate=5 April 2014}} 6. ^1 2 3 4 5 Macpherson & Barrie, p. 195 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/Library/52151.pdf |title=Canadian oceanographic research ships |work=Department of Fisheries and Oceans |date=1961 |accessdate=5 April 2014}} 8. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.fftimes.com/node/229839 |work=Fort Frances Times Online |title=Town presented piece of naval history |date=16 December 2009 |accessdate=5 April 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101230135733/http://fftimes.com/node/229839 |archivedate=30 December 2010 |df= }} Bibliography
External links
7 : Ships of the Royal Canadian Navy|Algerine-class minesweepers of the Royal Canadian Navy|Ships built in Ontario|1943 ships|World War II minesweepers of Canada|World War II escort ships of Canada|Minesweepers of the Royal Canadian Navy |
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